civil war reconstruction

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Civil War Reconstruction All information taken from the curriculum guide; images from a variety of Google images, hammerheads reconstruction PowerPoint

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Civil War Reconstruction. All information taken from the curriculum guide; images from a variety of Google images, hammerheads reconstruction PowerPoint. Leaders of Reconstruction. Lincoln Robert E. Lee Frederick Douglass - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Civil War Reconstruction

Civil War Reconstruction

All information taken from the curriculum guide; images from a variety of Google images, hammerheads reconstruction PowerPoint

Page 2: Civil War Reconstruction

Leaders of ReconstructionLincoln Robert E. Lee Frederick Douglass-Reconstruction plan -Urged Southerners to reconcile -Fought for the adoption of called for reconciliation at the end of the war and reunited constitutional amendment

as Americans when some wanted that guaranteed voting rights-Preservation of the to continue to fightUnion was more - Powerful voice for humanimportant than -Became President of Washington rights and civil liberties for punishing the South College which is now Washington all and Lee University -malice towards none, with -Former slavecharity for all, let us bind - He supported Andrew Johnson’s up the nation’s wounds. plan for Reconstruction (very lenient)

Lincoln is Assassinated in 1865 -and Andrew Johnson takes office.

Page 3: Civil War Reconstruction

Reconstruction Policies and ProblemsProblems

• Southern military leaders could not hold office

• African Americans could hold public office

• Southerners resented northern “carpetbaggers,” who took advantage of the South during Reconstruction

• Carpetbagger: name given to many Northerners who moved to the South after the Civil War and supported the African Americans.

Page 4: Civil War Reconstruction

Reconstruction Policies and ProblemsPolicies

• Northern soldiers supervised the South (military districts). Reconstruction policies were harsh and created problems in the South

• African Americans gained equal rights as a result of the Civil Rights Act of 1866, which authorized the use of federal troops for its enforcement

• Freedman’s Bureau established to aid former enslaved African Americans in the South

• Freedmen’s Bureau:• Created by Congress in 1865 to help the slaves.• Provided them with food and clothing.• Helped them find jobs• Helped establish schools to provide them with an education.

Page 5: Civil War Reconstruction

Aside from basic relief efforts, what other services did the Freedman’s

Bureau provide?

Education, food, land, work

Page 6: Civil War Reconstruction

Civil War Amendments• 13th Amendment: bans slavery in the

United States and many of its territories (1865)

• 14th Amendment: grants citizenship to all persons born in the United States and guarantees them equal protection under the law (1868)

• 15th Amendment: ensures all citizens the right to vote regardless of race or color or previous condition of servitude (1870)

These three amendments guarantee equal protection under the law for all citizens.

Page 7: Civil War Reconstruction

Laws that prevented African Americans from:

Gaining political, social and economic freedom Voting Owning guns Serving on juries Living in townsTraveling without permits

Southern states refused to accept the principles of the 13th Amendment.

Many southern states passed…

THE BLACK CODES

Page 8: Civil War Reconstruction

Radical Republicans •Republican Congressmen that felt Lincoln’s and Johnson’s plan were too lenient

•Mostly northerners•They believed the South should be punished

•They saw the South as traitors.•Outraged by Black Codes •They wanted Blacks to have full equality.

Page 9: Civil War Reconstruction

Reconstruction Acts of 1867

• South Divided into Military Districts

• Army gains power to run elections and register voters

• write new constitutions with Universal Adult Male Suffrage

• States had to ratify 14th amendment

Page 10: Civil War Reconstruction

Military Districts

Page 11: Civil War Reconstruction

the end of Reconstruction

All information taken from the curriculum guide; images from a variety of Google images

Page 12: Civil War Reconstruction

Election of 1876Rutherford B. Hayes wins the

election of 1876– Wanted to end radical

reconstruction

– Former governor of Ohio, Republican

– Compromise of 1877; ended Military occupation in the south

Page 13: Civil War Reconstruction

The “Compromise” of 1877Rutherford B. Hayes is

given the Presidency when Republicans agree to:

1.Name a Southern to Cabinet

2.Federal spending on rebuilding South

3. Remove military from the South

The removal of troops = the end of Reconstruction!!!

Page 14: Civil War Reconstruction

African American rights• Rights that African Americans gained

were lost through black codes especially in the South. – Black Codes

• Laws passed in the south just after the civil war aimed at controlling freedmen and enabling plantation owners to exploit African American workers.

– Black codes intended to keep African Americans in a condition similar to slavery.

Page 15: Civil War Reconstruction

African Americans after the reconstruction

Where will they live and work?They…

–Rented pieces of land usually from their former master

–Forced to give percentage of crops to Plantation owner

Page 16: Civil War Reconstruction

SharecroppingCrop Lien System•Sharecroppers had no income until harvest time

•Had to promise their crops to local merchants in order to get supplies

Page 17: Civil War Reconstruction

The Ku Klux Klan

• KKK was founded in 1866 by 6 former Confederates

• Terrorists

• Used intimidation, fear and violence

Page 18: Civil War Reconstruction

Denied Their Rights

Methods Used In The South to Deny African

Americans their rights.

Literacy Tests Grandfather Clauses

Poll Tax Jim Crow Laws

test where blacks had to read and

write to vote

Helped whites who couldn’t read – If your grandfather

voted in 1867, you could vote.

A registration fee to vote.

Laws that segregated blacks

from whites in public places

Page 19: Civil War Reconstruction

Jim Crow Laws- laws that legalized segregation

Segregation- Separating of the Races

By the 1890’s all southern states had legally segregated public transportation, schools, parks and other public places.

Page 20: Civil War Reconstruction

Plessy v. Ferguson• Homer Plessy was

denied a seat in a first class railway car

• Supreme Court ruled that “separate but equal” facilities did not violate the 14th amendment

• Legalized segregation

Page 21: Civil War Reconstruction

The end of Reconstruction• The south slowly rebuilds after the

civil war• African Americans fight to keep their

newly acquired rights– Jim Crow laws– Plessy vs. Ferguson/segregation

• Many southerners move west to settle in new lands with better economic opportunities—a new start.