Below here a sewer has beentunnelled from Shalesmoor to

the Sewage Treatment Works atBlackburn Meadows nearMeadowhall. Parts of the tunnelare up to 5.5m in diameter (largeenough to take a double deckerbus).

On the corner with CastleStreet is The Old Town

Hall. It was built in 1807-8for the Town Trustees andcourt. The trustees carried outmany of the functions of a localcouncil. It became entirely acourt with tunnelled links to thepolice station by 1897.

Opposite is the site of the former market buildings. In 2013,these were replaced with a state-of-the-art building atMoorfoot, ending a centuries old association with this site.Exciting plans are in place to redevelop the site and uncoverparts of the Sheffield Castle and the River Sheaf.

Sheffield’s first tram networkbegan in 1872, growing over

the following 40 years and finallyclosing in 1960. Work began onthe Supertram in 1991 with thefirst section being opened inMarch 1994 and the last part ofthe three-line network opening inOctober 1995.

The Foster’s Buildingson the south side of High

Street were the first in Sheffield,in 1894, to have a lift. (The liftshaft is catching the sunlight inthis photograph.)

The Sheffield Inner Relief Road extensions of 2001 and2009 linked Sheffield Parkway and the Shalesmoor area of

the city. They include a 40m span railway bridge, a 35m and two39m span river and canal bridges and 15m high retaining walls.

Lady’s Bridge is also grade II listed and a HistoricalEngineering Work. This 5-span ribbed arch bridge was built

in 1486. It was widened on its upstream side in 1760-1. After theSheffield Flood in 1864, whichresulted from the failure of the DaleDyke Dam on the moors aboveSheffield, it was repaired andwidened on its downstream side. In1909 it was widened again, usingcast iron beams and lattice girderson cast iron columns.

Parkway Viaduct carries theSupertram beyond the Park

Square roundabout and alongsidethe Sheffield Parkway link road to theM1. It is a post-tensioned gluedsegmental reinforced concretestructure 295m long with spans of55m.

The Cobweb Bridge carries theFive Weirs Walk, a 3m wide

cycle and pedestrian route overthe River Don. It is suspended fromthe Wicker Arches Viaduct.

The Wicker Arches werecompleted in 1848. At 603m

long with 42 arches, this was thelargest masonry viaduct in Europewhen it was built. It is a grade IIlisted structure and HistoricalEngineering Work.

Although the River Don hadbeen made navigable toTinsley by 1751, the extension

to the city, the Sheffield Canal byWilliam Chapman, was not begununtil 1815 and was completed in1819.

The original Terminal Warehouseremains and has been sympathetically restored. The otherbuildings around the canal basin are mid to late 19th century,the Straddle Warehouse being notable.

For more information on this leaflet or any civil engineering enquiry, pleasecontact the Institution of Civil Engineers in Yorkshire and Humber:

t: +44 (0) 191 261 1850 e: iceyandh@ice.org.uk w: www.ice.org.uk

Photographs © Angela Harpham ( www.angelaharphamphotoart.me.uk),David Tattersall, Duncan Froggatt, Shefffield City Council, SheffieldCathedral, Stephanie Thomas, Thomas Barnes and Yorkshire Water.

Compiled by Duncan Froggatt BSc (Hons) CEng MICE MIStructE.

© Institution of Civil Engineers, 2015. Second edition.Registered Charity No. 21025. Charity registered in Scotland No. SC038629

Cover images:Top: The Winter Garden from St Paul’s PlaceBottom: City centre transport networks - Commercial Street Bridge (right)

Discover what makes Sheffield civilised

We all need to be protected from the elements, to havea safe water supply and effective sanitation.A civilised society needs more than this – transport,power, buildings and disposal of waste.

Civil engineering is the name we give to this infrastructure;dams, reservoirs and other aspects of water supply; drainageand sewerage; transport by road, rail, water and air; bridges forvehicles, trains and pedestrians; seaports, docks, airports, canals andaqueducts; power stations, renewable energy, pipelines and thestructures that support towers and buildings.

Originally, any engineering that was not military was civil, butnow there are many specialised professional engineers who worktogether, and with scientists and other professions, to create, improveand protect the environment in which we live. Engineers provide thefacilities for everyday life in a civilised society by designing,constructing, maintaining and, eventually, removing them.

Sheffield is a civilised city and this walk shows something of how thishas been achieved. You will see buildings and structures, various formsof transport (road, rail, tram and water) and the bridges they need. Youwill not see hidden essentials like water supply and drainage but youwill learn something about where they are. You will see differentmaterials being used in different forms - all designed and constructedby engineers applying science and using engineering principles.

The Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) is theoldest of the world’s engineering institutionswith origins going back to 1771.

Established in 1818, and granted a RoyalCharter in 1828, the ICE was founded toensure professionalism in civil engineering. Itis now composed of some 86,000 individualmembers around the world.

The whole of the route is suitable for bothpushchairs and wheelchairs, and there are bus and

tram stops along some sections of the route.

For parking information, call 0114 273 4567 or visit:www.sheffield.gov.uk/parking

For public transport information, call 01709515151 or visit: www.travelsouthyorkshire.com

Mobility scooters are available to hire Mondayto Saturday 08:30 to 17:30 from

Mobile Sheffield, The Moor Market, S1 4PF.Call 0114 273 8787 to book.

For information visit: www.mobilesheffield.co.uk

For information and leaflets on walking in Sheffieldand local walking initiatives visit:

www.sheffield.gov.uk and search “walking”

For additional copies of this leaflet please contact ICEYorkshire and Humber e: iceyandh@ice.org.uk

or call in to Sheffield’s central library on Surrey Street,S1 2LH.

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Commercial Street Bridgespans one of the busiest traffic

roundabouts in Sheffield andcarries two tracks of the Supertramand a pedestrian walkway. Thebridge consists of a tied arch span of74m and two simple side spans of12.5m and 18m.

From the bottom of HowardStreet there is a good view

across to the internationally famousPark Hill Flats. Completed in 1961,these now-listed buildings provided“streets in the sky” for the people ofSheffield. Park Hill flats recentlyunderwent a major facelift whileretaining the original structure.

The Midland Railway wasextended to Sheffield in 1868-70

by Benton & Woodiwiss to designsby John Crossley of Derby. Much ofthe station front you see today is the1905 extension with furtheralterations in 1991 and 2003. Thefootbridge across the station, whichgives access to all platforms and the

Supertram, was renewed in 2003 to improve the quality ofaccess.

Sheffield PassengerTransport Interchange serves

mainly longer distance bus routesand coaches. Adjacentto the modernbuildings, on PondHill, is the OldQueen’s Head, a 15thcentury timber-framedhall. It was carefully restored in 1992.

The culvertscarrying theRiver Sheaf are

visible here. It wasculverted in the 1860sas the city expandedinto the river valleywith the developmentof the railway andmarket area.

Ponds ForgeInternational

Leisure Centreprovides Olympicstandard swimmingand diving facilities.The main roof consistsof exposed tubularsteel trusses forming ashallow arch.

In addition to the eponymous forge, the site wasalso home to the city’s first electricity powerstation and company offices. These generatorswere replaced with sets by the River Don initiallyupstream then downstream of the city centre.Later the national grid replaced all localgenerators.

Opposite, on thecorner of CommercialStreet and Shude Hillare the former officesof The Sheffield

United Gas Light Company of1874, described as one of the finest19th century building in the city. Thefirst gas works was nearby onShude Hill. It was later replaced as demand grew with works inThe Don Valley and the subsequent establishment of thenational grid.

The footbridge into PondsForge Swimming Poolbuilding was required by the

client to be “interesting andimaginative”. Tensioned cabling isused to stiffen the slender structure.

Millennium Galleries areintegrated with the Winter

Garden. They won a national awardfor the extensive use of high qualityreinforced concrete.

St Paul’s Tower, now the tallest buildingin Sheffield, is 32 storeys and 101m high

plus the basement levels. In-situ reinforcedconcrete was used for the frame of thebuilding providing a robust core, to whichmodular cladding was added.

The CharlesStreet

“Cheese -grater”Car Parkextensively usedprecast concreteto allow rapid highqualityconstruction.

This area was laid out by the Duke of Norfolk’s agent in thelate 18th century. It came to provide the workspaces for the

burgeoning steel and cutlery trades. It is now designated asSheffield’s cultural industries quarter.

The Winter Garden (2002) hasan inverted catenary form to the

arches. This is very efficient. It isheated, as are many city centrebuildings, by the Sheffield DistrictHeating scheme.

The Crucible Theatre (1971)was designed for theatre in-the-

round, and is constructed mainly ofreinforced concrete and concreteblock masonry. It recently received amakeover with new spaces within theold, a small extension and new moreefficient heating, ventilation andlighting.

The Lyceum Theatre, originallybuilt in 1893, was extensively

refurbished in 1991. New spaceswere created, in under and aroundthe old to vastly improve conditionsfor all users. Both theatres are listedbuildings.

The water supply of the pool had been enhanced inthe late 17th and early 18th centuries. However, itwas demolished in or around 1796 as suppliesimproved.

The City Hallwas built in

1932 and employedsome of the longestspan reinforcedconcrete beams inEurope to supportthe roof. It wasextensivelyrefurbished in 2003.

The Palazzo stylebuilding of 1867

to the west of the CityHall is the formeroffices of theSheffield WaterworksCompany andrepresents acontinuation of this

area as the focus of water supply for the city.

The present Town Hall wascompleted in 1897. Built to

house the increasing number of staffneeded to cope with the new dutiesthe council had taken on over theprevious decade or so, includingroads and water supply.

An extension was planned in the1930s, but war preparations intervened and the site became thePeace Gardens. Their landscaping in 1998 as part of the Heart ofthe City project was widely acclaimed. The walls used the samestone as the Town Hall. There is a set of standard measures setinto the side of Cheney Row adjoining the Town Hall.

he Upper Chapel was originallybuilt in 1700 and is the earliest

surviving building to be builtsubstantially of brick as opposed totimber or stone.

The Cutlers’ Hall has been on thissite since 1638, 14 years after the

foundation of the company. Thepresent building dates from 1832. TheCompany of Cutlers in Hallamshirepromotes and supports manufacturingindustry in South Yorkshire as well asSheffield cutlers and silversmiths.

Originally built as a school andthen used as the education offices,

the listed buildings have been cleverlyrefurbished while retaining as much aspossible of the original buildings tocreate the Leopold Hotel and LeopoldSquare.

The Barker’s Pool, after which the area isnamed, was a large cistern holding rain and

spring water for use by the people of the 16thcentury town.

Part of the Cathedral isrecorded as being built in 1101,

making it, arguably, the oldestbuilding still in use in Sheffield,although possibly only fragments ofthe 1280 rebuild survive. It was alsothe first building to use electricity forpowering a motor in the city, in 1892.

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