Claims Focusing An Argument

Difference Between Arguments and Discussions

Discussion

Argument

an exchange of a variety of viewpoints on a given topic

looking at one viewpoint of a topic to decide if it is to be accepted or rejected

Characteristics of a Claim

Claims are phrased:

As a statement not a question

As an unbiased statement

As specific as possible

Against the status quo

So that the burdens are clear

Types of Claim

Fact

Value

Policy

something is, was or will be

good/bad better/worse

something should or ought be done

Characteristics of a Claim

Argumentative Burdens

Pro Side Con Side

In favor of the status quo Agains’t the status quo

We argue the same claim

sides to an argument

We are either for or against the claim

Argumentative Burdens

sides to an argument

Burden of Proof Burden of Presumption

Burden of “Prima Facie”

Burden of Rebuttal

Pro Side Con Side

Reversing the Burdon of Proof

“This is the perfect car for you.”

Reversing the Burdon of Proof

“Why wouldn’t you want this car”

Remember

The salesman has the burden of proof

He or she must convince you by reaching your decision threshold

You do not have the burden to prove why you don’t want the item.

If they fail at reaching your threshold, then just say “No.”

This is why knowing your burden in an argument is important