clams 11812
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• Interaction of all living species.
• Pollution: The introduction of a
contaminant into the environment.
• human actions or result of natural
disasters.
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• Air pollution
• Water pollution
• Noise pollution
• radioactive pollution
• Thermal pollution
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• Biomagnifications
• Ocean acidification
• Global warming
• Smog
• Acid rain
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Ambient air quantity monitor Dust collector
Ants
Lichens Clams Amphibians
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• Kingdom: Animalia
• phylum: Mollusca
• Class: Pelecypoda (Bivalvia)
Linnaeus, 1758
• Mercenaria mercenaria ,
Mya arenaria, Saxidomus giganteus,
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• Body is divided into 3 regions :- head,
foot & mantle.
• composed of calcareous valves held
together by a ligament.
• They are filter feeders.
• It can process 2
gallons of water
per day
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•Bioaccumulation
•Degradation of the
crushed shells.
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• Dangerous pesticide - chlordane.
• Metals including Cu, Zn, Cr, & Cd
have also been detected.
• Man made organo chemicals such
as PCBs & PAHs.
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• Pollution is a growing pain.
• Take positive action towards
preventing any forms of pollution to
the environment.
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• Jordan, E.L and P.S.Varma Invertebrates zoology , 62.(673-
693)
• Clam Cleanup -- Biologists Clam Up Waterways To Determine
Sources Of Pollution
• Discoveries and Breakthroughs Inside Science
• Clams Are Great Pollution Detectors | A Moment of Science -
Indiana Public Media
• Freshwater Clams and Mussels
• Pollution, Water Pollution, Air Pollution | GreenStudentU.com
• ScienceDirect.com - Environmental Pollution - Free-living
rodents as bioindicators of genetic risk in natural protected
areas
• Chapter 5 : Environmental Pollution | Environmental Science