Class 5: Chapter 3SProcess Mapping 7 Analysis

Class 5: Chapter 3SProcess Mapping 7 Analysis

• Class 5 Plan• Roster feedback• News of Note

• Chapter 3 Key Terms

• An Overview of Chapter 3S–Learning objectives

News of NoteNews of Note

• The need for precisionObama has a Kenyan Post-Colonial viewMoslem confusion

• New threat—natural gas

• New Products

• Rick Rescorla—9-11 Hero– Plus the hundreds of first – Responders who gave theirl lives,

– Note that many Korans were destroyed in prayer rooms at the WTC and the Pentagon.

1. Work through various process mapping steps

2. Assess processes

3. Determine type of activity a processes represents

4. Understand when and how to apply process mapping tools

5. Change a process for increased productivity

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Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives

“Process” of Process Mapping“Process” of Process Mapping

1. Determine desired process outcomes and metrics

2. Identify and bound the critical process

3. Document the existing process (“current state” map)—much will be learned

4. Analyze process and priorities improvements

5. Recommend changes (“future state” map)

6. Implement changes and monitor process

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1. Identify Desired Outcomes1. Identify Desired Outcomes

• What should the process achieve?

– Reduced cost

– Shorter lead time

– Improved quality—what aspect of quality

– More reliable deliveries

– Other?

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2. Identify and Bound Critical Process2. Identify and Bound Critical Process

Critical processes typically are one of the following:

1. A bottleneck

2. Visible to the customer

3. Consumes largest amount of resources

4. A shared process—can we make changes?

5. Highest level of variance

6. A unique skill or core competency

7. Point of problems/issues to the firm

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3. “Current State” Map3. “Current State” Map

• Current State: the ‘as is’ of the processes

• A process map is a diagram of the process activities

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3. “Current State” Map3. “Current State” Map

• Identify minimum acceptable level of detail on map

• Use display formats as need to depict complete processes

• Watch for ‘hidden’ steps

• Capture relevant data

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3. “Current State” Map3. “Current State” Map

• Process Flow Table: record of process activities, key attributes and sequence

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Table 3S - 2Table 3S - 2

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Table 3S - 2Table 3S - 2

3. “Current State” Map3. “Current State” Map

• Physical Layout Diagram: documents horizontal and vertical movements

3S–3S–1111Figure 3S-2

4. Analyze and Improve4. Analyze and Improve

• Value Adding Activity: moves a item closer to the form or location desired by customer

• Necessary but not Value Add: needed but doesn’t directly add value

• Waste Generating: consumes resources without adding value

• Question Mark Activity: not easily categorized, keep asking “why?” to get to root reason for these activities

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4. Analyze and Improve4. Analyze and Improve

• Disposing: what should be done with a specific activity

–Keep: leave intact

–Combine: merge an activity with others that are similar

–Rethink: modify to improve value add

–Eliminate: appropriate for waste activities

• Repositioning: where to position an activity in the overall process

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5. “Future State” Map 5. “Future State” Map

• Prioritize identified process improvements:

1. Make change immediately

2. Postpone change pending resources

3. Determine if change is not desirable or feasible

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6. Implement and Monitor Improvements6. Implement and Monitor Improvements

• Process Improvement is often iterative, and may require trial and error

• Significant changes require careful monitoring and stakeholder support

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Process Mapping and Analysis SummaryProcess Mapping and Analysis SummaryProcess Mapping and Analysis SummaryProcess Mapping and Analysis Summary

1. Process mapping and analysis is a multi-stage process

2. Processes can be characterized into six basic activities

3. Multiple tools, including graphs, help to document the ‘current state’ and ‘future state’ of processes

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Key Chapter 3S TermsKey Chapter 3S Terms

• Tools–Process flow diagrams& tables–Value stream mapping–Service blueprinting—line of visibility

• Actions–Combine–Dispose–Eliminate wasteful activities–Note that it is a value adding activity–Note that is necessary but not value adding–Reposition and/or rethink