class chondrichthyes zoorepowt(1)
DESCRIPTION
CLASS CHONDRICHTHYESTRANSCRIPT
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Class ChondrichthyesClass Chondrichthyes
Mirabel, Camille Joyce Mercado, Pia Alyssa Rivera, John David
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E T Y M O L O G Y“Chondros’’ - Cartilages
“Ichthyos’’ - Fish
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Class ChondrichthyesCharacteristics:Characteristics:
Cartilaginous fishes Streamlined form with heterocercal tail Cartilaginous skeleton Leathery skin With placoid scales ( dermal denticles ) Restricted notochord Mouth and two nostrils ventral Jaws and paired appendages Male claspers Eggs with large yolk
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M O R P H O L O G Y
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Taxonomical HierarchyTaxonomical Hierarchy Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Infraphylum Gnathostomata Class Chondrichthyes Subclass Elasmobranchii
Orders Cladoselachii, Pleuracanthodii ( extinct sharks )
Orders Squaliformes Order Rajiformes Subclass Holocephali
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Subclass Elasmobranchii Sharks (Selachii) and the rays & skates
(Batoidea) lives in most oceans in the world
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Circulatory SystemCirculatory System
Four chamber heart: sinus venosus, atrium, ventricle, and conus arteriosus.
One direction of flow: Heart Gills Body
Ectotherms/Endotherms
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Reproductive System Reproductive System (Male)(Male) Both
testes functional
Seasonal reproduction cycle
Sperm stored in seminal vesicles
Both claspers functional
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Reproductive System Reproductive System (Female)(Female) One functional ovary in most
viviparous species
Seasonal reproductive cycle
Fertilization in nidamental gland
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Shark MatingShark Mating One clasper will rotate 90º and will be inserted into the female’s cloaca
Clasper will expand cartilaginous spurs to anchor in the female
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Subclass Elasmobranchii:Orders Cladoselachii, Pleuracanthodii
extinct sharks
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Order Squaliformessharks, body spindle-shaped; 5-7 pairs of
lateral gills not covered by operculum, pectoral fins not enlarged example: Squalus
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Order Rajiformesskates, rays and sawfishes, body
spreadout, pectoral fins enlarged and attached to head and body; five pairs of gill slits on ventral side, spiracles large
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Subclass Holocephali
• chimaeras or ghost fish , gill slits covered with operculum;
• spirally closed; aberrant shaped; jaws with tooth plates;
• single nasal opening without scales; accessory clasping organs in male ;
• lateral line an open groove, Chimaera
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Nervous SystemNervous SystemCerebellum is smallMedulla Oblongata is produced laterally
into restiform bodies
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Digestive SystemDigestive SystemThe mouth in holocephali is small as
compared to the wide mouth of Elasmobranch
It is bounded by three lips-like fold and equipped with the tooth plate having irregular surface and sharp cutting Edges
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Urogenital SystemUrogenital SystemThe kidney of holocephalians is
opisthonepric having a large number of uriniferous tubules and built upon the basic pattern other fishes.
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Circulatory SystemCirculatory SystemHeart is Built upon the pattern similar to
other fishes.The Heart is consists of a sinus venosus,
artrium, ventricle and conus with three rows of valves.
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Respiratory SystemRespiratory SystemA Mandibular pseudobranch is absent and
hyoid bear only a Posterior Hemibranch.The first,second and the third branchial
arches have Holobranch but the forth Has a hemibranch.