classical conditioning

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CLASSICAL CONDITIONING

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Classical Conditioning. Learning Basics. Learning: the relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience Ex. When you gain experience with basic algebra principles, your behavior on an Algebra II test changes (hopefully…) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Classical Conditioning

Classical ConditioningLearning BasicsLearning: the relatively permanent change in behavior due to experienceEx. When you gain experience with basic algebra principles, your behavior on an Algebra II test changes (hopefully)We tend to learn from association (our brain pairs stimuli that occur in succession)Smoking cigarettes while drinking coffee makes it harder to quit smoking because we associate one behavior with another.Classical ConditioningIvan Pavlov was studying digestion in dogs.Discovered that dogs would salivate before food was in their mouths

Classical ConditioningA learning procedure where an organism can be trained to have an automatic response to a conditioned stimulusYoure training them to have a reaction to something Neutral stimulus: stimulus with no initial response.Ex. The bell or tuning fork being rung.Unconditioned stimulus (US): item that elicits a certain, predictable response. Ex. the meat.Unconditioned response (UR): the natural response to the US. Ex. salivating

Classical ConditioningConditioned Stimulus (CS): neutral stimulus that is paired with the US. It is later used on its own to elicit a reactionRinging a bell (or tuning fork) with the meat. Typically, right before the US is presented.Conditioned Response (CR): the LEARNED reaction to a CSTakes some training to achieve this learning.

Some Additional PrinciplesPeople and animals often generalize (have the same response) to two or more similar conditioned stimuliSalivate to a bell, chime, or gongIt is possible to also discriminate between two stimuli and respond differently to themSalivate when you see chocolate ice cream but not vanillaExtinctionExtinction: gradual disappearance of a Conditioned Response (CR) when the Conditioned Stimulus (CS) is repeatedly presented without the Unconditioned Stimulus (US)Dog begins to not salivate when it hears the ringing bell without meat involved.Spontaneous Recovery occurs when, after a CR is extinct, it reappears when then CS is presented again w/o the USDog randomly salivates again when the bell is rung, even after several days of no response.Taste AversionEx. You go to a restaurant and order the raw oysters as an appetizer before your steak. When you become sick later that night, you will blame the oysters.When you go to a restaurant again and a waiter walks by with a platter of raw oysters, you suddenly feel like you are going to throw up.What are the US, UR, CS, CR?