classification of matter
TRANSCRIPT
MATTER
Can it be physically separated?
Homogeneous Mixture
(solution)
Heterogeneous Mixture Compound Element
MIXTURE PURE SUBSTANCE
yes no
Can it be chemically decomposed?
noyesIs the composition uniform?
noyes
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Elements
only one kindof atom; atomsare bonded itthe element
is diatomic orpolyatomic
Compounds
two ormore kindsof atomsthat arebonded
substancewith
definitemakeup
andproperties
Mixtures
two or moresubstances
that arephysically
mixed
two ormore
kinds ofand
Both elements and compounds have a definite makeup and definite properties.
Packard, Jacobs, Marshall, Chemistry Pearson AGS Globe, page (Figure 2.4.1)
Matter Flowchart
Examples:
– graphite
– pepper
– sugar (sucrose)
– paint
– soda
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element
hetero. mixture
compound
solution homo. mixture
hetero. mixture
Pure Substances
Element– composed of identical atoms– EX: copper wire, aluminum foil
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Pure Substances
Compound
– composed of 2 or more elements in a fixed ratio
– properties differ from those of individual elements
– EX: table salt (NaCl)
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Pure Substances
For example…
Two different compounds, each has a definite composition.
Carbon, C Oxygen, O Carbon monoxide, CO
Carbon, C Oxygen, O Oxygen, O Carbon dioxide, CO2
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Mixtures
Variable combination of two or more pure substances.
Heterogeneous Homogeneous
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Mixtures
Solution– homogeneous– very small particles– no Tyndall effect Tyndall Effect
– particles don’t settle– EX: rubbing alcohol
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Mixtures
Colloid– heterogeneous– medium-sized particles– Tyndall effect– particles don’t settle– EX: milk
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Mixtures
Suspension– heterogeneous– large particles– Tyndall effect– particles settle– EX: fresh-squeezed
lemonade
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Mixtures
Examples:
– mayonnaise
– muddy water
– fog
– saltwater
– Italian salad dressing
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colloid
suspension
colloid
solution
suspension
Classification of Matter
uniformproperties?
fixedcomposition?
chemicallydecomposable?
no
no
no
yes
hetero-geneousmixture
solution
element
compound
http://antoine.frostburg.edu/chem/senese/101/matter/slides/sld003.htm
Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
(a)an element(hydrogen)
(b)a compound(water)
(c)a mixture(hydrogen and oxygen)
(d)a mixture(hydrogenand oxygen)
Dorin, Demmin, Gabel, Chemistry The Study of Matter , 3rd Edition, 1990, page 68
hydrogenatoms hydrogen
atoms
oxygen atoms
Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
(a)an element(hydrogen)
(b)a compound(water)
(c)a mixture(hydrogen and oxygen)
(d)a mixture(hydrogenand oxygen)
Dorin, Demmin, Gabel, Chemistry The Study of Matter , 3rd Edition, 1990, page 68
hydrogenatoms hydrogen
atoms
oxygen atoms
Mixture vs. Compound
Mixture
FixedComposition
Bonds between
components
Can ONLY beseparated by
chemical means
VariableComposition
No bondsbetween
components
Can beseparated by
physical means
Alike Different
Contain two or more
elements
Can beseparated
intoelements
Involvesubstances
Compound
Different
Topic Topic