Classification of trees

Classification of trees

Conifers

Broadleaved trees

Needle-like leaves

Scale-like leaves

Compound leaves

Simple leaves

Classification of trees

Coniferous trees generally have narrow, hard

leaves that are known as scales or needles,

depending on their shape. Nearly all of them are

evergreen.

Conifers do not have true flowers; instead, they

produce cones.

Conifers with needle-like leaves

Pine Fir Cedar Yew

Pine (pinua/pino)

Persistence evergreen

Arrangement

Clusters of three

Type simple

Shape needle-like

Margin entire

Texture Vertical cracking

Scientific name: Pinus radiata

Fir (izeia/abeto)

Persistence evergreen

Arrangement

alternate

Type simple

Shape needle-like

Margin entire

Texture (Young)

smooth

older scaly

Scientific name: Abies alba

Cedar (zedroa/cedro)

Persistence evergreen

Arrangement

whorled

Type simple

Shape needle-like

Margin entire

Texture Vertical cracking

Scientific name: Cedros atlantica

Yew (hagina/tejo)

Persistence evergreen

Arrangement alternate

Type simple

Shape needle-like

Margin entire

Texture Smoothpeeling

Scientific name: Taxux baccata

Conifers with scale-like leaves

Cypress Lawson Cypress

Cypress (nekosta/ciprés)

Persistence evergreen

Arrangement whorled

Type simple

Shape scale-like

Margin entire

Texture

(When young)

smooth

(When older)

Vertical cracking

Scientific name: Cupressus sempervirens

Lawson cypress (Lawson altzifrea/ciprés de Lawson)

Persistence evergreen

Arrangement

opposite

Type simple

Shape scale-like

Margin

Texture Vertical cracking

Scientific name: Chamaecyparis lawsoniana

Broadleaved trees with compound leaves

Serrate(scaly) Service tree(scaly) Elder(vertical cracking) Ash(smooth) Rowan

Horse chestnut

Entire(linear) Mimosa(ovate-lanceolate) Walnut(ovate) Black locust

Tree of heaven(lanceolate) Honey locust

Service tree (gurbe/ serbal)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement

opposite

Type Compound(up to 21 leaflets)

Shape lanceolate

Margin serrate

Texture scaly

Scientific name: Sorbus domestica

Elder (intsusa beltza/saúco)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement

opposite

Type Compound(5-7 leaflets up to 20 cm long)

Shape lanceolate

Margin serrate

Texture scaly

Scientific name: Sambucus nigra

Ash (lizarra/freno)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement

opposite

Type Compound(up to 13 leaflets, each 10 cm long)

Shape lanceolate

Margin serrate

Texture Vertical cracking

Scientific name: Fraxinus excelsior

Rowan (otsolizarra/serbal de los cazadores)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement

opposite

Type Compound(up to 15 leaflets)

Shape lanceolate

Margin serrate

Texture smooth

Scientific name: Sorbus aucuparia

Horse chestnut (indi gaztainondo/castaño de Indias)

Persistence decidouous

Arrangement

opposite

Type Compound (5-7 leaflets)

Shape lobed

Margin serrate

Scientific name: Aesculus hippocastanum

Texture

(When young)

smooth

(When older)

scaly

Mimosa (mimosa/mimosa)

Persistence evergreen

Arrangement

alternate

Type Compound25-40 pairs of leaflets)

Shape linear

Margin entire

Texture smooth

Scientific name: Acacia dealbata

When flowering in late winter

Walnut (intxaurrondo/nogal)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement

Opposite

Type Compound(5-9 leaflets)

Shape Ovate/lanceolate

Margin entire

Texture (Young)

smooth

older vertical cracking

Scientific name: Juglans regia

Black locust (Sasiarkazia/falsa acacia)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement

opposite

Type Compound(13-25 leaflets)

Shape ovate

Margin entire

Texture Vertical cracking

Scientific name: Robinia pseudoacacia

Tree of the heaven (ailantoa/ailanto)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement

alternate

Type Compound(15 or more pair

of leaflets)

Shape ovate

Margin entire

Texture Vertical cracking

Scientific name: Ailanthus altissima

Honey locust (akazia hiruarantza/acacia de tres púas)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement

alternate

Type Compound (10-17 pair of leaflets)

Shape lanceolate

Margin entire

Texture scaly

Scientific name: gleditsia triacanthos

Broadleaved trees with simple lobed leaves

Opposite Marple, Sycamore

Alternate(Smooth)

(entire/serrate) Fig tree(fan shape) Gingko

(smooth with diamonds) White poplar(peeling) London plante(Vertical cracking)

(entire) Oak, Tulip tree(serrate) Hawthorn

(Scaly) Sweet Gum

Marple (astigarra/arce)

Persistence decidious

Arrangement

opposite

Type Simple(up to 10 cm wide)

Shape star-shaped

Margin Lobed entire

Texture scaly

Scientific name: Acer campestre

Sycamore (astigar zuria/falso plátano)

Persistence decidious

Arrangement

opposite

Type simple (8-15 cm)

Shape star-shaped

Margin Lobed entire(3-5 lobes)

Texture scaly

Scientific name: Acer pseudoplatanus Note: Its leaves are very similar to those of the London plante's

Fig tree (pikondoa/higuera)

Persistence decidious

Arrangement

alternate

Type Simple (10-20 cm)

Shape ovate

Margin Lobed serrateLobed entire

(3-7 lobes)

Texture smooth

Scientific name: ficus carica

Ginkgo (ginkgo/ginkgo)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement alternate

Type Simple (5-10 cm)

Shape fan

Margin Lobed (2)/entire

Scientific name: Ginkgo biloba

Texture (Young)

smooth

older vertical cracking

White poplar (zurzuria/álamo blanco)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement

alternate

Type Simple(up to 10 cm long)

Shape star-shaped

Margin lobed sinuate(5-3 lobes)

Texture Smooth with diamonds

Scientific name: populus alba

London plante (platanondoa/plátano)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement

alternate

Type Simple(up to 20 cm long)

Shape star-shaped

Margin lobed

Texture peeling

Scientific name: platanus hispanica

Oak (haritza/roble)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement alternate

Type simple

Shape ovate

Margin Lobed/entire

Texture Vertical cracking/ scaly

Scientific name: Quercus robur

Tulip tree (idi-bihotz arbola/tulipero de Virginia)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement alternate

Type simple (7-12 cm)

Shape lobed (4 pointed lobes)

Margin entire

Texture Vertical cracking

Scientific name: Liriodentron tulipifera

Hawthorn (elorri zuria/espino albar)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement alternate

Type Simple(up to 5 cm long)

Shape oval

Margin Lobed/serrate(3 or 5 lobes)

Texture Vertical cracking

Scientific name: Crataegus monogyna

Sweet gum (Likidanbar/liquidambar)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement alternate

Type Simple(up to 15 cm long)

Shape star-shaped

Margin Lobed/serrate

Texture scaly

In autumnScientific name: Liquidambar styraciflua

Broadleaved trees with simple unlobed evergreen leaves

evergreen(scaly)

(lanciolate) Holm oak(ovate-lanciolate) Kermes oak

(smooth)(ovate) Magnolia(ovate toothed) Holly(lanceolate) Laurel

(peeling) Gum tree(vertical cracking) Privet, Olive tree(irregular vertical cracking) Cork oak

Holm oak (artea/encina)

Persistence evergreen

Arrangement alternate

Type Simple(up to 10 cm long)

Shape laceolate

Margin serrate/entire

Texture scaly

Scientific name: Quercus ilex

Kermes oak (abaritza/coscoja)

Persistence evergreen

Arrangement alternate

Type simple

Shape Lanceolate/ovate

Margin serrate

Texture scaly

Scientific name: Quercus coccifera

Magnolia (magnolia lorandi/magnolia)

Persistence evergreen

Arrangement alternate

Type Simple (10-20 cm)

Shape ovate

Margin entire

Texture smooth

Scientific name: Magnolia grandiflora

Holly (gorostia/acebo)

Persistence evergreen

Arrangement alternate

Type Simple

(6-8 cm)

Shape ovate

Margin Lobed/toothed

Texture smooth

Scientific name: ilex aquifolium

Laurel (ereinotz/laurel)

Persistence evergreen

Arrangement alternate

Type Simple (3-9 cm)

Shape Ovatelanceolate

Margin entire

Texture smooth

Scientific name: Laurus nobilis

Gum tree (eukalipto/eucalipto)

Persistence evergreen

Arrangement

Opposite (young)

alternate

Type Simple (8-30 cm)

Shape lanceolate

Margin entire

Texture Peeling in curling strips

Scientific name: Eucalyptus globulus

Privet (beltzale/aligustre)

Persistence evergreen

Arrangement opposite

Type simple (6-12 cm)

Shape ovate

Margin entire

Texture Vertical cracking

Scientific name: Ligustrum japonicum

Olive tree (olibondoa/olivo)

Persistence evergreen

Arrangement opposite

Type simple

(3-9 cm)

Shape lanceolate

Margin entire

Texture Vertical cracking

Scientific name: Olea europaea

Cork oak (artelatza/alcornoque)

Persistence evergreen

Arrangement alternate

Type simple

Shape ovate

Margin entire/serrate

Texture Irregular vertical cracking

Scientific name: Quercus suber

Broadleaved trees with simple unlobed deciduous leaves

Heart-shaped(Vertical cracking) Lime, Princess tree(Irregular vertical cracking) Poplar(scaly) Judas Tree

Ovate(serrate) Elm, Japanese cherry, Cherry plum(entire) Beech

Ovate /triangular Birch Round(smooth) Hazel(smooth with diamonds) Aspen(scaly) Alder

Lanceolate(Alternate)(Entire) Wipping willow(Vertical cracking) Chestnut

Lime/Linden (ezkia/tilo)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement

alternate

Type simple

Shape ovateheart-shaped

Margin serrate

Texture Vertical cracking

Scientific name: Tilia cordata

Princess-tree (paulownia/paulonia tomentosa)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement opposite

Type simple (13-25 cm)

Shape heart-shaped

Margin entire

Scientific name: Paulownia tomentosa

Texture (Young)

smooth

older vertical cracking

Poplar (makala/chopo)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement

alternate

Type simple

Shape ovateheart-shaped

Margin serrate

Texture irregular vertical cracking

Scientific name: Populus nigra

Judas tree (amodio-zuhaitz/árbol del amor)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement

alternate

Type simple (7-12 cm)

Shape heart-shaped

Margin entire

Texture scaly

Scientific name: Cercis siliquastrumIn spring

Elm (zumarra/olmo)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement

alternate

Type simple

Shape ovate

Margin serrate

Texture Vertical craking

Scientific name: Olmus minor

Japanese Cherry (gereziondo japoniar/ciruelo japonés)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement

alternate

Type simple

Shape ovate, lanceolate

Margin serrate

Texture smooth

Scientific name: Prunus serrulataIn spring

Cherry plum (gerezi-aranondoa/ciruelo de Pisardi)

Persistence decidous

Arrangement alternate

Type Simple (2-7 cm)

Shape ovate

Margin serrate

Texture smooth

Scientific name: Prunus cerasifera Pissardii

Beech (pagoa/haya)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement alternate

Type simple

Shape ovate

Margin entire

Texture smooth

Scientific name: fagus sylvatica

Birch (urkia/abedul)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement

alternate

Type simple

Shape Ovate/triangular

Margin serrate

Texture smooth

Scientific name: Betula pendula

Hazel (hurritza/avellano)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement

alternate

Type simple

Shape round

Margin serrate

Texture smooth

Scientific name: Corylus avellana

Aspen (lertxun/chopo temblón)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement

alternate

Type Simple (3-8 cm)

Shape round/ovate

Margin sinuate

Texture Smooth with diamonds

Scientific name: Populus tremula

Alder (haltza/aliso)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement

alternate

Type simple

Shape round

Margin serrate

Texture scaly

Scientific name: Alnus glutinosa

Weeping willow (zume negartia/sauce llorón)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement

alternate

Type simple (8-16 cm)

Shape Lanceolate

Margin serrate

Texture Vertical cracking

Scientific name: Salix babylonica

Chestnut (gaztainondoa/castaño)

Persistence deciduous

Arrangement

alternate

Type simple

Shape lanceolate

Margin serrate

Texture Vertical cracking

Scientific name: Castanea sativa

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