classification powerpoint.pptx [read-only] · domain= eubacteria kingdom=kingdom=eubacteria...
TRANSCRIPT
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Dichotomous KeyDichotomous Key
Look out for the special Look out for the special check mark check mark to to know which notes to write!know which notes to write!
�� On a checked slide, write all notes, unless …On a checked slide, write all notes, unless …
�� On a checked slide with lots of notes, On a checked slide with lots of notes, just write just write underlined textunderlined text!!
����
ClassificationClassificationSystem that groups organisms based on common System that groups organisms based on common features that they sharefeatures that they share
����
AristotleAristotle
�� First man to develop a system to classify organismsFirst man to develop a system to classify organisms
�� 2 kingdoms2 kingdoms
������He subdivided each He subdivided each kingdomkingdom�� PlantPlant-- based based division on sizedivision on size�� HerbsHerbs
�� ShrubsShrubs
�� TreesTrees
�� AnimalsAnimals-- based based division on habitatdivision on habitat�� AirAir
�� Land Land
�� SeaSea
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Animals: Air Land SeaAnimals: Air Land Sea CarolusCarolus LinnaeusLinnaeus
�� Improved classification systemImproved classification system
�� Based his grouping on physical Based his grouping on physical featuresfeatures
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Linnaeus =Universal name= Linnaeus =Universal name= Binomial NomenclatureBinomial Nomenclature
�� All organisms are given a universal nameAll organisms are given a universal name
�� Used by all scientistsUsed by all scientists
�� Helpful when many common names are usedHelpful when many common names are used
�� Name is Name is composed composed of 2 of 2 namesnames
�� Genus Genus namename
�� CCapitalized and comes firstapitalized and comes first!!
�� Species Species namename
�� lower case lower case and comes second and comes second
�� Both names are underlinedBoth names are underlined
�� Example: Example: TolypeutesTolypeutes matacusmatacus –– Three Banded Armadillo Three Banded Armadillo
����Common names are misleadingCommon names are misleading
�� PumaPuma
�� CougarCougar
�� Mountain LionMountain Lion
A seahorse is not a A seahorse is not a horse, but a fish.horse, but a fish.
Scientific nameScientific name
�� MyotisMyotis macrotarsusmacrotarsus
�� “Mouse“Mouse--eared bat with big feet”eared bat with big feet”
�� CatCat
�� Genus name= Genus name= FelisFelis
�� Species name=Species name=
�� domesticusdomesticus=house cat=house cat
�� sylvestrissylvestris=wildcat=wildcat
�� HumanHuman
�� Genus name=HomoGenus name=Homo
�� Species=Species=sapiensapien
Kingdom: Animalia (mobile critters; have many cells; can’t make their own food)
Phylum: Chordata (flexible skeletal rod with accompanying nerves)
Class: Chondrichthyes (‘fish’ with a cartilaginous skeleton)
Order: Lamniformes (‘Mackerel’ sharks)
Family: Lamnidae (‘Mackerel’ sharks)
Genus: Carcharodon (from the Greek carcharosmeaning “ragged” or “pointed” and odonmeaning “tooth”)
Species: carcharias (Greek for “shark”)
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Modern classification systemModern classification system
�� Uses Linnaeus system but adds:Uses Linnaeus system but adds:
�� comparison of body chemistry and development comparison of body chemistry and development featuresfeatures
�� DNA sequenceDNA sequence
�� Cytochrome CCytochrome C
�� HemoglobinHemoglobin
�� Developmental stages Developmental stages
of embryosof embryos
����ReclassifiedReclassified
Modern Classification SystemModern Classification System�� Domain= EubacteriaDomain= Eubacteria
�� Kingdom=Kingdom=EubacteriaEubacteria
�� Prokaryotic BacteriaProkaryotic Bacteria
�� Domain=Domain=ArchaeaArchaea
�� Kingdom=Kingdom=ArchaebacteriaArchaebacteria
�� ExtreamophilesExtreamophiles
�� Domain Domain EukaryaEukarya
�� Contains 4 kingdomsContains 4 kingdoms
�� Kingdom=ProtistaKingdom=Protista
�� Kingdom=FungiKingdom=Fungi
�� Kingdom=PlantKingdom=Plant
�� Kingdom=AnimalKingdom=Animal
���� Classification Groups Classification Groups ==TaxaTaxa
�� A Mnemonic Device:A Mnemonic Device:
�� DearDear
�� KingKing
�� PhilipPhilip
�� CameCame
�� Over Over
�� For For
�� Ginger Ginger
�� SnapsSnaps
Each division contains fewer organisms, but
shares more features in common.
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Classification TaxaClassification Taxa�� Domain is the largest TaxaDomain is the largest Taxa�� Domain contains one or more Domain contains one or more kingdomskingdoms
�� DomainDomain�� contain the most organismscontain the most organisms
�� Each kingdom is then Each kingdom is then subdivided into:subdivided into:�� Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, SpeciesGenus, Species
�� Species Species �� contain the fewest organisms but contain the fewest organisms but with the most physical features with the most physical features in commonin common
����ClassificationClassification
Which two animals are most closely related?
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Ways to Identify an Unknown ?Ways to Identify an Unknown ?
�� Field Guides Field Guides
�� Dichotomous KeysDichotomous Keys
�� Composed of statements with 2 opposite parts or Composed of statements with 2 opposite parts or categories.categories.
�� Choose the statement that is true about an unknown Choose the statement that is true about an unknown organism. organism.
���� Domain:
Kingdom:
Phylum:
Class:
Order:
Family:
Genus:
Species:
Shoe Classification
Can you classify shoes based on their characteristics?