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TRANSCRIPT
Classification
CLASSIFICATION• According to Carl Linnaeus organisms may be
classified in the following order:
PHYLUM
CLASS
ORDER
KINGDOM
SPECIES
GENUS
FAMILY
SCIENTIFIC NAME
Here are a few examples...
Scientific Name of organisms
• The first name is the genus name• The second name is the species name
• E.g. scientific name for humans is written as:Homo sapiens OR Homo sapiens
Major Groups
• PROKARYOTES
• EUKARYOTES
PROKARYOTES
Eukaryotes
Unicellular example Multi cellular example
ALL LIVING ORGANISMS
PROKARYOTES
Single-celled organisms
do not have a nucleus
genetic material occurs in cytoplasmUsually has flagellum ( mobility)
Asexual Reproduction
Nutrition occurs through the process of diffusion.
E.g. Bacteria
EUKARYOTES
Eukaryotes are generally more advanced/ complex
Nuclear membrane surrounding genetic material
Numerous membrane-bound organelles
usually complex internal structure
Mostly sexual reproduction
E.g. fungi, animals, and plants as well as some unicellular organisms such as paramecium
ALL LIVING ORGANISMS
PROKARYOTES EUKARYOTES
PROTISTS FUNGI PLANTS ANIMALS
BACTERIA
EUKARYOTE- Protoctista
• They all have a nucleus. • Most have
mitochondria• Many have chloroplasts• Unicellular or
multicellular
EUKARYOTE- Fungi
• Multi-cellular• Have cell wall• NO chlorophyll• Feed saprophytically or
parasitically
EUKARYOTES- Plants
• Almost all plants are green because at least some of their cells contain CHLOROPLASTS.
• CHARACTERISTICS• Unicellular or multi-cellular• Have cell wall• Have chlorophyll• Feed by photosynthesis
PLANTS
CONIFER
MOSSES
FERNS
ANGIOSPERMS
EUKARYOTES- Animals
CHARACTERISTICS• Do not have cell wall• Do not contain chlorophyll• Feed heterotrophically
ANIMALS
• Two largest groups in this kingdom are:
• ARTHROPODS: animals with several pairs of jointed legs, have exoskeleton
• CHORDATES: Also known as VERTEBRATES. They have an endoskeleton
Arthropods
• Arthropods are a very successful group, because they have a waterproof exoskeleton that has allowed them to live on dry land
INSECTS
• Have three (3) pairs of jointed legs
• Two pairs of wings
• Breathe through tracheae
CRUSTACEANS
• Have 5-10 pairs of legs
• Breathe through gills
• Most live in wet places
ARACHNIDS
• Have four (4) pairs of legs
• Breathe through gills called BOOK LUNGS
MYRIAPODS
Millipedes• Have many segments • Each segment has 2 pairs of
legs eachCentipede• Have many segments• Each segment has 1 pair of
legs each• Front segment has a pair of
poisonous claws
FISHES
• Has scaly skin
• Have gills
• Have fins
AMPHIBIANS
• Moist, scale-less skin
• Lay eggs in water
• Tadpole live in water, adults live on land
• Tadpoles have gills, adults have lungs
REPTILE
• Have scaly skin
• Lay eggs with rubbery shells
BIRDS
• Have feathers• Forelimbs are wing• Lay eggs with hard
shells• Have beak
Mammals
• Have hair• Have placenta• Young feed on milk from mother• Have different types of teeth