classifying matter tutorial click to begin…. question 1 question 2 question 3 question 4 question...

Classifying Matter

TutorialClick to Begin…

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Question 1

A soft drink is carbon dioxide gas dissolved in a flavored liquid. In a soft drink, the carbon dioxide is the…

a. Solution

b. Solute

c. Solvent

d. Dissolver

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Question 2

Students at Dulles High School want to separate a mixture of sand, sugar, perfume and vinegar. Which piece of equipment would they NOT use during this separation?

a. b.

c. d.


Question 3

Which picture represents molecules

of an element?

a

b

c

g


Question 4

Which of the following choices

represents a mixture with the lowest

energy?

a

d

e

f


Question 5

Which picture best represents a solution

of gases?

b

e

f

i


Question 6

Students performed an experiment to compare the dissolving time of several different salt samples. In a, 10

grams of salt is formed in one large cube. In b, 10 grams of salt is broken down into 10 smaller cubes. In c, 10 grams of

salt in broken into many very small cubes. Predict which sample will dissolve the fastest.

a

b

c


Question 7

What inference can be drawn from the results of this experiment?

a. Increasing temperature will decrease dissolving time.

b. Decreasing a solute’s surface area will increase dissolving time.

c. Decreasing a solute’s surface area will decrease dissolving time.

d. Salt is insoluble in water.

Dissolved in 9 minutes



Here is the data collected in the experiment:


Question 8

In the salt cube experiment…

a. Dissolving time is the independent variable, surface area is the dependent variable and salt is controlled.

b. Surface area is the independent variable, dissolving time is the dependent variable and amount of salt is controlled.

c. Shape of the salt is the independent variable, dissolving time is the dependent variable and the surface area is controlled.

d. There is no independent variable.


Question 9

What is the meaning of the “plateau” at 100o on the above phase change diagram of H2O?

a. The H2O must have been removed from the heat source at that time.

b. The H2O molecules were not moving very fast during that time.

c. The heat applied to the H20 molecule was being used to break it down into hydrogen and oxygen.

d. The heat applied to the H2

0 was being used to overcome the attractions between the molecules rather than increase the temperature.


Question 10

Which of the following statements is true?

a. As the water changes from a solid to a liquid, energy is absorbed.

b. As the water changes from steam to water, energy is absorbed.

c. The water molecules have more energy in the solid state than in the liquid state.

d. When the water changes into ice, energy is equal. Click here for

Tutorial

Question 11

Which of the following liquids has the highest viscosity?

a. Milk

b. Vegetable Oil

c. Corn syrup

d. Distilled water


Question 12

a. Yes

b. No

A student wants to find out if a sample of metal she has is pure silver. She found the mass of the sample to be 100.99 g and the volume to be 78.3 cm3. Does she have pure silver?

Substance Density (g/cm3)

aluminum 2.7

steel 7.8

silver 10.5

gold 19.3


Question 13

a. All will float on water

b. Rubbing alcohol and oil will float on water

c. Only rubbing alcohol will float on water

d. None will float on water – all will sink

Which of the above substances would float on water?

Substance Density (g/cm3)

aluminum 2.7

oil 1.9

Rubbing alcohol 0.92

gold 19.3


Question 14

What is the solubility of a saturated solution of sodium chloride at 80°C?

a. 40 grams per 100 grams of water

b. 20 grams per 100 grams of water

c. 60 grams per gram of water

d. 40 grams per gram of water


Question 15

How many grams of calcium chloride will dissolve in a saturated solution with 50 mL of water at 25°C?

a. 90 grams

b. 10 grams

c. 50 grams

d. 45 gramsClick here for

Tutorial

Question 16

You make a solution with 20 g of potassium nitrate dissolved in 100 g of water at 80°C. This solution is..

a. saturated

b. supersaturated

c. unsaturated

d. concentrated


Question 17

Shelley collected a jar of water from a wave that was crashing onto Galveston beach. At first, the water was the same color and consistency throughout the jar. However, when she let it sit on her desk for a while, she noticed that some sand, rocks and dirt had settled to the bottom of the jar, while the liquid at the top became clear. What type of mixture is the beach water?

a. Pure

b. Heterogeneous

c. Homogeneous

d. Compound


Question 18

What should it say at “A” is in the above chart?

a. Heterogeneous mixture

b. Homogeneous mixture

c. Pure Substance

d. Compound

Colloid Suspension Solution

A Heterogeneous Mixture Homogeneous Mixture

Particles are well-mixed Particles settle Particles are too small to be seen

Appears cloudy Filter paper will separate

Can be separated by simple physical means

Scatters light Scatters light Scatters light


Question 19

Which of the above columns has a mistake?

a. Colloid

b. Suspension

c. Solution

d. None have mistakes

Colloid Suspension Solution

A Heterogeneous Mixture Homogeneous Mixture

Particles are well-mixed Particles settle Particles are too small to be seen

Appears cloudy Filter paper will separate

Can be separated by simple physical means

Scatters light Scatters light Scatters light


Question 20

If you open a warm can of soda it fizzes and loses a larger amount of carbonation than a cold can of soda. Which of the following solubility curves explains the behavior of the carbonation?

a. c.

b. d.


Tutorial 1

Remember…

A solute gets dissolved.

A solvent does the dissolving.

A solution is what is formed by dissolving a solute in a solvent.

For example, saltwater is a solution

The salt is the solute

The water is the solvent

TO MAKE A SOLUTIONBack to

Question

Read the descriptions that follow. If you answer no, then you will not use that instrument in the separation.

Tutorial 2

This…is the setup for a distillation. Distillation is used to purify a liquid or to separate two liquids from each other. Do you have two liquids to separate?

This…

is a magnet. If one of the substances is magnetic and the others are not, you can use this to separate the magnetic substance out. Do you have a magnetic substance?

Next page…

Tutorial 2

This…

is a hot plate, used for evaporation (boiling). If you have a solid dissolved in a liquid, you can boil it to get rid of the liquid and be left with the solid. Will you have a dissolved solid during this separation?

This…Is the setup for a filtration. If you have one solid that dissolves in a liquid and another that does not, you will filter the un-dissolved solid to separate it from the water. Will you have an un-dissolved solid in your lab?

Back to Question

Remember, elements are pure substances that are made of only one kind of atom. The following represent elements…

Notice that all of the diagrams only have one type of material in them.

An atom is a single piece, while a molecule is more than on piece connected together

molecule

atom

atom

atomsmolecule

molecules

Tutorial 3

Back to Question

Remember, mixtures are made of two or more pure substances that are not chemically joined together. The following diagrams represent mixtures…

Notice that all of the diagrams have more than one type of substance and the different

substances are not joined together.

Tutorial 4

Next page…

The question also asks about energy. Remember:

A Gas has a higher energy

than…

a Liquid, which has more energy

than…

a Solid.

Back to Question

Tutorial 5

A solution is another name for a homogeneous mixture. A homogeneous mixture is well-mixed. Look for a diagram that

has a pattern, such as these:

Remember, you are looking for a gas, so the particles in the mixture should be spread apart and moving fast.

Back to Question

Tutorial 6

In which of the samples is the surface area the greatest?

If surface area is high, what happens to the speed in which it dissolves? (Hint: does a lifesaver dissolve faster or slower if you chew it?)

So which one will dissolve fastest?Back to

Question

Tutorial 7

Your inference has to use the data collected in the experiment. The experiment tested surface area and dissolving time, so make sure your inference

includes those two factors!

Hint: The smaller the pieces are, the more surface area they have…

Back to Question

Tutorial 8

Independent variable: What is the one thing that the student changed from a to b to c?

Dependent variable: What were the students hoping that the independent variable had an effect on? What did they measure to get their results?

Controlled variable: What had to stay the same from a to b to c for it to be a fair experiment?

Back to Question

Tutorial 9

A phase change diagram shows how the temperature of a substance changes when heat is added. Whenever you see plateaus on a phase change diagram, the substance in no

longer getting warmer. Instead, all of the heat energy is being used to change the substance from one phase to another.

Solid turning into liquidLiquid turning into gas

Back to Question

Tutorial 10

Study the following:

When you move →, energy is absorbed by the molecules

When you move ←, energy is released by the molecules

Back to Question

Tutorial 11

Viscosity can be described as the thickness or thinness of a liquid. A very viscous or high viscosity liquid is thick and a low viscosity liquid is thin. The definition of viscosity is resistance

to flow.

The following are all “thick” and resistant to being poured out. They all have a higher viscosity than

water…

Back to Question

Tutorial 12

Density is a property of a substance that can be used to identify a substance. To calculate density

take mass divided by volume. Then, compare your answer to the chart to see what substance

you have.

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Tutorial 13

7.8 > 1

So, the steel ball sinks.

Density of steel = 7.8 g/cm3

Recall that the density of water is 1 g/mL

0.89 < 1

So, the wood floats.

Density of wood = 0.89 g/cm3

Back to Question

Tutorial 14

On a solubility curve, a saturated solution is represented by the line. To find the solubility of a saturated solution, just

read the information off of the graph. Be sure to check the y-axis for the correct units!For example, to find the solubility of KCl at 60o

C…

1. Find 60o on the x axis

2. Go straight up until you hit the

line for KCl.

4. Read your units off of the y-

axis label.

3. Go straight over and read

the grams of KCl off of the y-axis.

46

Back to Question

Tutorial 15

On a solubility curve, a saturated solution is represented by the line. To find the number of grams that will dissolve in a

saturated solution, just read the information off of the graph. Check the units, as this is usually per 100 grams of

water.

For example, to find the number of grams of KCl that will dissolve in 200 mL of water at 60o

C…


2. Go straight up until you hit the

line for KCl.

4. Read your units off of the y-axis label. This is

per 100 mL of water.

3. Go straight over and read

the grams of KCl off of the y-axis.

46

For 200 mL of water, double your number (2 x 100 = 200).

So, 2 x 46 = 92 g of KCl

Back to Question

Tutorial 16

On a solubility curve, a saturated solution is represented by the line. Supersaturated solutions fall above the line.

Unsaturated solutions fall below the line.

Is a solution of 60 grams KCl dissolved in 100 mL of water at 50o C unsaturated, saturated or

supersaturated?


2. Find 60 grams on the y axis

3. Where the two lines meet, draw

a point.

This point is above the line for KCl, so the solution is supersaturated.

Back to Question

Tutorial 17

The beach water is a little like this salad dressing. When the salad dressing sits in the fridge for a

while, the herbs and vinegar sink to the bottom, while the oil floats.

However, if we shake it up, it seems to be well-mixed again.

Even though it looks well mixed, it isn’t truly, since it doesn’t stay that way. So what kind of mixture is it that is not well

mixed?

Back to Question

Tutorial 18

Remember, a colloid is something like shaving cream or fog. It is a mixture, but the particles are not dissolved.

Since the particles are not dissolved, it is not a homogeneous mixture. What kind of mixture is it?

Back to Question

Tutorial 19

Hint: It has to do with scattering light.

If a mixture scatters light, you can see a laser beam that passes through it.

Take a look at the above picture and determine if the colloid or the solution

scatters light.

colloid

solution

Back to Question

Tutorial 20

Recall from question 1 that soda is a solution of carbon dioxide dissolved in flavored

water.

Carbon dioxide is a gas. When you have a warm soda, the carbon dioxide cannot stay dissolved, and it escapes (the soda fizzes over). When it is colder, more of the carbon

dioxide can stay dissolved and so there is less fizzing over.

What will a graph of this look like?

Remember high temp = less carbon dioxide dissolved. Lower temp = more carbon dioxide

dissolved. Back to Question

Great Job!!!

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classifying matter tutorial click to begin…. question 1 question 2 question 3 question 4 question...

Documents

grams of salt

independent variable

water molecules

water changes

solutes surface area

different salt samples

h2o molecules

lowest energy