Classification Ch 18

Finding Order in Diversity• Why classify?

• common names• bull snake, gopher snake

• Binomial nomenclature• Carolus Linnaeus (17th C.)

• plants, animals• K,P,C,O,F,G,s

• Traditional: general sim.• Now: evolutionary classification

EQ1: Why do we classify organisms? EQ2: What criteria separate taxa?

Modern System

• Domain• Kingdom

• Phylum• Class

• Order• Family

• Genus• species

• evolutionary classification• Based on how long a species has been evolving

Scientific name examples• Canis lupus • Canis lupus domesticus • Agaporomorphous colberti • Synalpheus pinkfloydi • Vampyroteuthis infernalis

Dichotomous Key

• Bird W: _________________________• Bird X: _________________________• Bird Y: _________________________• Bird Z: _________________________

Problems with Linnean System

• Physical features sometimes deceptive

• barnacle, limpet

Tim

e

Now

Cladograms• Clade = a group consisting of a species (extinct or extant) and

all of its descendants

• Cladogram• axes: time & diversity• shows shared characteristics• shows relative order of evolved traits• shows evolutionary relationships

(p. 802 & 803 in text)

ANIMALS TO CLASSIFY