classless inter-domain routing {cidr } & subnetting

19
CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING {CIDR} & SUBNETTING PHILLIP LAFLEUR NATHAN GRAMMES JONATHAN BENNETT

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CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING {CIDR } & SUBNETTING. JONATHAN BENNETT. NATHAN GRAMMES. PHILLIP LAFLEUR. STEP 1: CONNECT A BUNCH OF COMPUTERS. STEP 2: DEVELOP ADDRESS SYSTEM. Internet Protocol (IP) Address. 1981. CLASSFUL NETWORK ADDRESSING ARCHITECTURE. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING {CIDR } &  SUBNETTING

CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING {CIDR}& SUBNETTING

PHILLIP LAFLEUR

NATHAN GRAMMES

JONATHAN BENNETT

Page 2: CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING {CIDR } &  SUBNETTING

1981

CLASSFUL NETWORK ADDRESSING ARCHITECTURE

STEP 1: CONNECT A BUNCH OF COMPUTERS

STEP 2: DEVELOP ADDRESS SYSTEM

Internet Protocol (IP) Address

Page 3: CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING {CIDR } &  SUBNETTING

1981

CLASSFUL NETWORK ADDRESSING ARCHITECTURE

192 . 168 . 5 . 13011000000.10101000.00000101.10000010BIT CONVERTER

Page 4: CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING {CIDR } &  SUBNETTING

1981

CLASSFUL NETWORK ADDRESSING ARCHITECTURE

11000000.10101000.00000101.10000010

OctetOctet OctetOctet

32 Bits

Page 5: CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING {CIDR } &  SUBNETTING

1981

CLASSFUL NETWORK ADDRESSING ARCHITECTURE

STEP 1: CONNECT A BUNCH OF COMPUTERS

STEP 2: DEVELOP ADDRESS SYSTEM

Internet Protocol (IP) Address

STEP 3: ASSIGN IP ADDRESSES

?

Page 6: CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING {CIDR } &  SUBNETTING

1981

CLASSFUL NETWORK ADDRESSING ARCHITECTURE

The CLASSFUL NETWORK (ABRIDGED)

A B C

17 MILLION65 THOUSAND

254

Assigned based on 3 classes, , representing available hosts

What if you only need 3,000?

C C C C C C C C C C C CCluttered routing table.

BWaste 62,000+ addresses!

Page 7: CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING {CIDR } &  SUBNETTING

70.0.0.0

70.1.0.0 70.2.0.0

70.3.0.0 70.4.0.0

The CLASSFUL NETWORK (ABRIDGED)

1981

CLASSFUL NETWORK ADDRESSING ARCHITECTURE

Page 8: CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING {CIDR } &  SUBNETTING

70.5.0.0 70.6.0.0 70.7.0.0 70.8.0.0

70.9.0.0 70.10.0.0 70.11.0.0 70.12.0.0

1981

CLASSFUL NETWORK ADDRESSING ARCHITECTURE

Page 9: CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING {CIDR } &  SUBNETTING

1981

CLASSFUL NETWORK ADDRESSING ARCHITECTURE

Available IP’s exhausted after 254 assignments of Class B.

PROBLEM

Page 10: CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING {CIDR } &  SUBNETTING

1981

CLASSFUL NETWORK ADDRESSING ARCHITECTURE

INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE

Page 11: CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING {CIDR } &  SUBNETTING

0.0.0.130255.255.255.0

192.168.5 0.0.0.130

192.168.5.130

HOST NUMBERSUBNET

NETWORK PREFIX HOST NUMBER

IP ADDRESS

1993

CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING AND SUBNETTING

The SOLUTION (UNABRIDGED)

SUBNETTING

Let’s just divide our network into MANAGABLE bits.

Page 12: CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING {CIDR } &  SUBNETTING

1993

CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING AND SUBNETTING

The SOLUTION (UNABRIDGED)

SUBNETTING

Let’s just divide our network into MANAGABLE bits.

192.168.5.00.0.0.130

255.255.255.0192.168.5.130

Designates network prefix

255 = Entire Octet (0 – 254)

or (in binary)

Leading 1s and trailing 0s

Page 13: CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING {CIDR } &  SUBNETTING

1993

CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING AND SUBNETTING

The SOLUTION (UNABRIDGED)

SUBNETTINGNetwork prefix and host suffix can be found with binary operation AND.

11000000.10101000.00000101.00000000

00000000.00000000.00000000.10000010

11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000

11000000.10101000.00000101.10000010AND

IP AddressSubnet Mask

Network Prefix

Host Number

1 AND 0 = 0 0 AND 0 = 0 1 AND 1 = 1

Page 14: CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING {CIDR } &  SUBNETTING

1993

CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING AND SUBNETTING

The SOLUTION (UNABRIDGED)

CIDR+SUBNETTINGCIDR represents the notation in which subnetting is represented.

IP / INITIAL BITS

192.168.5.130 / 24

11000000.10101000.00000101.10000010

192 . 168 . 5 . 130

Page 15: CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING {CIDR } &  SUBNETTING

1993

CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING AND SUBNETTING

The SOLUTION (UNABRIDGED)

0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

70.1.0.0 / 23

70.1.0.0 – 70.1.1.254

510 Hosts

Page 16: CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING {CIDR } &  SUBNETTING

1993

CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING AND SUBNETTING

The SOLUTION (UNABRIDGED)

0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

70.1.0.0 / 22

70.1.0.0 – 70.1.3.254

1020 Hosts

Page 17: CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING {CIDR } &  SUBNETTING

1993

CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING AND SUBNETTING

The SOLUTION (UNABRIDGED)

0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

70.1.0.0 / 21

70.1.0.0 – 70.1.7.254

2046 Hosts

Page 18: CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING {CIDR } &  SUBNETTING

1993

CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING AND SUBNETTING

The SOLUTION (UNABRIDGED)

IMPLICATIONS

70.0.0.0

70.1.15.0 / 22 70.1.16.0 / 12

70.1.16.0 / 15 70.1.12.0 / 16

Page 19: CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING {CIDR } &  SUBNETTING

1981

CLASSFUL NETWORK ADDRESSING ARCHITECTURE

IP ‘division’ via subnetting allows for specific distribution of IPs

AWESOME