Classroom Instruction That Works

The Teacher Is KeySystemic improvement in student

achievement requires instructional practices that are research based, consistent and effective39 percentage-point difference in student achievement

between students with “most effective” and “least effective” instruction. (Sanders and Horn 1994, reviewed in Marzano, 2003)

In classrooms with instruction characterized as “most effective,” students posted achievement gains of 53 percentage points over the course of one academic year, whereas in classrooms with “least effective” instructional practice, student achievement gains averaged 14 percentage points (Marzano, 2003).

Classroom Instruction That Works (CITW)

2001 study by Marzano, Pickering & Pollack

Meta-analysis of 100s research studies spanning 30 years and including more than 1.2 million subjects.

Found 9 broad categories of instructional strategies that have a high impact on achievement for ALL students in ALL grades and in ALL subjects

Classroom Instruction that Works is.....focused on instructional techniques that can

be used with any contenta way to focus our attention on making

intentional instructional decisionsa set of the most useful instructional

techniques that make the most difference in student learning

a language of instruction, not a program

Why CITW?We must value….

quality instruction in every classroomsimilar instructional techniques used in

every classroomresearch-based instruction in every

classroom

NJASK Language ArtsGrades 6, 7 and 8

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HH JA TJ WW

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NJASK MathematicsGrades 6, 7 and 8

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HSPAMarch 2011

Language Arts Mathematics

What is CITW and what is it not?It is a language of instruction – a way to

deliver your content.It is not a lock-step program.

It is a set of tools that must be consistently used in a way that is faithful to the research.It is not a random “bag of tricks” to be applied

haphazardly anyway that you want.It works with any content area.

It is not limited to the core academic areas—it applies to all.

What is CITW and what is it not?It is for both students and teachers.

It is not just for changing teacher behavior.It is compatible with staff development

focused on content and differentiation.Although layering should be avoided, CITW

does not compete with other well-chosen, research-based staff development in content or differentiation.

Nine Categories of Instructional StrategiesCategory Percentile

Gain

Identifying Similarities and Differences 45

Summarizing and Note Taking 34

Reinforcing Effort and Providing Recognition 29

Homework and Practice 28

Nonlinguistic Representations 27

Cooperative Learning 27

Setting Objectives and Providing Feedback 23

Generating and Testing Hypothesis 23

Cues, Questions and Advance Organizers 22

Four Planning Questions That Drive Instruction

What knowledge will students learn?Which strategies provide evidence that

students have learned that knowledge?Which strategies help students acquire and

integrate that knowledge?Which strategies help students practice,

review, and apply that knowledge?

Putting It TogetherPlanning QuestionWhat knowledge will

students learn?

Which strategies provide evidence that students have learned that knowledge?

Which strategies help students acquire and integrate that knowledge?

Which strategies help students practice, review and apply that knowledge?

Instructional StrategySetting Objective

Providing FeedbackReinforcing EffortProviding Recognition

Cues and QuestionsAdvanced OrganizersNonlinguistic RepresentationSummarizing and Note

takingCooperative Learning

Identifying Similarities/Differences

Homework/Practice Generating/Testing Hypothesis

Focus for 2011- 2012Setting ObjectivesProviding Feedback and RecognitionCues Questions and Advanced OrganizersNonlinguistic Representation

How and When?Meeting in content groups, utilizing PLC format

with teacher-facilitators supported by supervisorsOctober 11th – the PLC overview and group normsOctober 18th – CITW overview and “Setting

Objective” PLC discussionsOctober 26th – in-service day

Combination of large group presentations followed by PLC application meetings/discussion

Tuesday PLC/Department meetings for discussion, application, reflection and support

PD360 to support CITW and other identified PD needs