Presented by:Siwar Bdioui

Athil Mahmoudi

CONTENT

What is observation ?What is classroom observation?What should be taken into consideration?What are the purposes behind classroom observation?What are the types of observers?

What is observation ?

The observation method is the most commonly used method specially in studies relating to behavioral science. Observation is a scientific tool and the method of data collection for the researcher. It is also a process of recording the behavior patterns of people, objects, and occurrences without questioning or communicating with them.

What is classroom observation

A process whereby a person sits in class session, records the teacher’s teaching practices and student actions, and meets with the teacher to discuss observation.

What should be taken into consideration ?

Recording what the instructor is doing and saying. What the students are doing and saying. The interaction between the teacher and the

students.

Through classroom observation, observer can see three aspects of the teaching-learning system:

Input resources (e.g. professional development)Teachers’ interaction competenceLearning outcomes

What is the purpose of classroom observation?

Allows teachers to:Receive feedback from an objective, experienced observer.Engage in context specific discussions about teaching delivery with the observer.

Train future teachers and give them an opportunity to see the practical of what they have learnt .

Types of observers

Participant observer

Non-Participant observer

Structured observer

Non- Structured observer

Participant observer physical immersion of observer in a classroom in which he

seeks to observe the behavior of members of that

classroom.

In-depth study of the members within the classroom.

Close interaction and relation between observer and

subject.

Non-Participant observer Observer observes but does not participate in what is going on in the classroom.

Observations are Planned and structured.

Observer abstains himself from his physical presence in the class.

Structured observer

Direct observation of behavior and recording of the behavior and

the recording of that behavior in term of categories that have

been devised prior to start data collection.

Explicitly formulated rules for observation and recording of

behavior.

Non- Structured observer

No use of observation schedule for recording of

behavior.

Gives narrative account of the behavior.

Unplanned and informal.