clean diesel technologies, inc. - manufacturers of emission

Clean Diesel Technologies 5/5/2004

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Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc.

Robust Low-cost EPA-Verified Systems for Diesel Retrofit on Heavy Duty Vehicles

Tim Rogers – VP International

Robust Low-cost EPA-Verified Systems for Diesel Retrofit on Heavy Duty Vehicles

Tim Rogers – VP International

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Overview

The use of a Fuel Born Catalyst (FBC) to enable Diesel Retrofit of emission control devices

Diesel Oxidation CatalystsCatalyst wire mesh filtersDiesel Particulate Filters


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Fuel Born Catalyst (FBC)Description

Platinum Plus® – FBC based on Platinum + CeriumFully fuel soluble additive packageProvides catalytic properties to the diesel fuel to:a) Improve the combustion process in the engineb) Improve the performance of flow through after-

treatment devices i.e. DOC’sc) Assist soot regeneration in a DPF

Dosed directly in to the bulk diesel fuel or via an on board dosing unit

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FBCKey Benefits – Emission reductions

When used as a performance additive

PM reduction of 5 to 20% engine out – EPA Registered additiveReduces N0x and particulate emissions from bio diesel blends

When used with an emission control device

PM reduction of 40 to 50% with DOC* – EPA VerifiedPM reduction of 60 to 75% with CWMF* – EPA Verification PendingPM reduction of Over 90% with DPF – DPF Regeneration additive (VERT approved additive)


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FBCKey Benefits – Performance

Does not require special Ultra Low Sulphur DieselWorks with a wide range of engine size and age No secondary emissions of un-wanted NO2

Allows for significant reduction (up to 90%) in base Pt catalyst used on the retrofit deviceContinual replenishment of the catalyst during operation life ensures long term device durability and reliable service.

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FBCCatalytic Oxidation of Diesel Particulates-carbon fraction

Carbon is oxidised by: TempOxygen C+O2 CO/CO2 550+ C

Many metals promote C+O2 reaction 420-600 C but have no reaction with NOx

NO2 C+NO2 CO/CO2 +NO 280-420 CPlatinum promotes 2NO +O2= 2NO2

NO (+02) 2C+O2+2NO 2CO2+N2 280-600 CReaction is catalyzed by Platinum +cerium

Platinum + cerium oxidizes both the carbon and hydrocarbons (SOF) present in the exhaust at temperatures as low as 200C


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FBC reduction of engine outemissions and fuel economy

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Emissions Reduction of FBC Treated Fuels Versus Baseline No. 2D-1990 DT 466 Engine

(Triplicate FTP Tests)

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

% R

edu

cti

ons v

s B

aseli

ne

No.

2D

ULSD + FBC

= HC = CO = NOx = PM

No. 2D = 350ppm SulfurULSD = <15ppm Sulfur

33

29

8

18

ULSD

8

3

23

11

0

7

2

15

No. 2D + FBC


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The Louisiana Coca Cola Bottling Company

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Platinum Plus® Fleet Test Summary(Average MPG Improvement = 8%)

Trash Hauling Urban 41 Trucks

Feed and Livestock Rural 47 Units

Grocery Distribution Rural 54 Tractors

Grocery and Fuel Distribution Rural 35 TractorsBeverage Deliver Urban/Rural 43 units

Line Haul Freight 16 Tractors

Fuel Delivery Urban/Rural 9 Tractors

Fuel Delivery Urban 10 Units

Beverage Delivery Urban 72 Vehicles

Beverage Delivery Urban 41 Vehicles

Beverage Delivery Suburban 39 Vehicles

3% Improvement

4% Improvement

6% Improvement

6% Improvement

6% Improvement

7% Improvement

9% Improvement

>10% Improvement

>10% Improvement

>10% Improvement

>10% Improvement


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FBC with After treatment emission Control devices

12

0.073

0.052

0.01

0.042

0.036

0.013

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

Comparative PM Emission Reduction(368 ppm Sulfur Fuel)

1998 DDC Series 60 Units: Pm g/bhp-hr.

StandardDiesel

DOC

PlatinumPlus+

DOC

FBC=Fuel Borne Catalyst(Pt/Ce Additive); DOC=Diesel Oxidation CatalystDPF= Diesel Particulate Filter ULSD @54ppm

65%

Platinum Plus + DOC + ULSD Platinum

Plus CWMF

Platinum Plus + DPF + ULSD

90%

29%

51%43%


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EPA verified SystemFBC/DOC

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Platinum Plus® Purifier Installation on Delivery Truck

Lightly Catalyzed Cordierite DOC ( <5g/cubft Pt = Low cost) FBC Pt/Ce at 0.15/7 ppm – ensure continued in use operationDurable and very low maintenanceEPA verified at 41 – 50 % PM reduction


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Platinum Plus® Purifier (FBC/DOC) Emission Test Results in Support of EPA Verification

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

% R

ed

uc

tio

ns

vs

Ba

seli

ne

No

. 2

D

FBC/DOC/ULSD(Aged 1,000 hours on FBC/ULSD)

= HC = CO = NOx = NO2= PM

No. 2D = 350ppm SulfurULSD = 15ppm SulfurFBC = Platinum/Cerium Fuel Borne CatalystDOC = Lightly Catalyzed Diesel Oxidation Catalyst

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FBC/DOC/No.2D(Aged 1,000 hours on FBC/No.2D)

4750

5

44

50

25

16

41

0

16


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EPA verified SystemFBC/Catalyst Wire Mesh Filter

(CWMF)

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FBC: PM：25%~40% reduction （US13 mode）

PE Original Catalyzed Filter: PM：30%~60% reduction （J13 mode）

FBC+Catalyzed Filter:PM：65% reduction （US13 mode)

+

About the Mitsui - Pure Earth® Catalyst Wire Mesh Filter with Platinum Plus®


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FBC/ CWMFInstalled on Delivery Truck

lightly catalyzed Mitsui CWMF – reduced unit costFBC Pt/Ce at 0.15/7 ppm – ensures continued in use operationExtremely durable construction – In service in AsiaLow maintenance design does not require regular cleaning

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FBC/CWMFEmissions Reduction Versus Baseline No. 2D 990 DT 466 Engine

(Average of new and aged devices Triplicate FTP Tests)

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

% R

ed

uc

tio

ns v

sB

ase

lin

e N

o.

2D

No 2D + FBC/CWMF ULSD + FBC/CWMF= HC = CO = NOx = PM

No. 2D = 350ppm Sulfur FBC = Pt/Ce Fuel Borne CatalystULSD = <15ppm Sulfur CWMF = Lightly Catalyzed Wire Mesh Filter

83

55

4

63

10

85

67

76


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FBC/DPF

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FBC/DPFSystem schematic


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FBC/DPFSystem overview

High performance FBC – Low Ash

FBC Dosing unit complete with

system Diagnostics

Silicon CarbideDPF- Sleeved ready

For canning All sizes

Passive DPFSystem

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Reduces The Temperature Needed To Oxidize SootCollected In A Trap From 1000oF To 580oF

Uncatalyzed Soot In Filter

Oxi

datio

n Te

mpe

ratu

re (o F

)

Catalyzed Filter

Ce At 100 ppm

Pt/Ce At 0.5/5 ppm

SAE Paper No. 1999-01-0113

Platinum plus® – DFX – DPFComparison of regeneration temperature

0

200

400

600

800

1000


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NO2 Emissions From Catalyzed DPF vsUncatalyzed DPF/FBC System

(Engine Dyno Data)

0

50

100

150

Heavily Catalyzed Filters

Uncatalyzed DPF/FBC Uncatalyzed DPF/FBC x 10

DPF = Diesel Particulate FiltersFBC = Platinum/Cerium Fuel Borne Catalyst

NO2

(ppm)

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Secondary Emissions Tests

No increase in 200 speciesNo ultra fine“oxide particle” peakEngine out carbon is reduced 30 to 40 %95% Pt+Ce retained in engine, 99% in engine + filter system if fittedDioxins and furans not affected by Pt +CePAHs reduced by 95-97% (with Filters)NOx reduced by 11%No impact on NO2 emissionsCO & HC reduced by 60% - 70%


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Platinum Plus® FBC Summary

Reduces engine-out PM emissions 15%-25%Improves the performance of after-treatment devicesEnables after-treatment devices to works with higher Sulphur DieselAllows for lower cost devices by lowering the base Pt loadingImproves fuel economy 3%-12%Fuel economy improvement normally off-sets FBC costCompatible with all diesel fuels including biodieselLow metal loadings = no ultra fines

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Clean Diesel Technologies, Inc.

Addresses: Clean Diesel Technologies Inc ., Suit 702, 300 Atlantic Street, Stamford CT 06901 USA

Contacts: Timothy Rogers – VP InternationalTel +44 1959 576154 Mobile +44 7887 788598 Fax +44 1959 570515 E-mail: [email protected]

James Valentine - PresidentTel +1 203 327 7050Fax +1 203 323 0461


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Supporting Information on Pt/Ce

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Advantages of the Pt co-additive

Can reduce the active amount of Ce required by up to 50% -Removes the need for pre DPF oxicat

Pt FBC Reduces HC and CODPF regeneration temperature lower when Oxicat not present. – Lz Findings OE program

Significant reduction in engine out PM


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Comments From VERT On Pt/Ce

This additive reduces the light off temperature to start regeneration and supports soft regenerations avoiding risky situationsAdditive ash deposits are minimized due to very low metal concentrationAdditive particles do not show up as a separate peak in the number-count size distribution nor do they increase the total submicron particle number

With these quite positive properties the additive looks interesting in order to widen up the application range for passive trap systems

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Key VSET Conclusions

Platinum Emissions about x4 lower than with existing gasoline 3 –way catalystsPCDD/F emissions not increasedPAH emissions reduced by about 97%

Platinum Cerium concluded to successfully pass VSET requirements


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Additive Emissions Characteristics Strongly dependent upon Additive Concentration

clean diesel technologies, inc. - manufacturers of emission

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