clean/green technologies and solutions - neosilica · 2011-03-23 · clean/green technologies...

CLEAN/GREEN TECHNOLOGIESOPPORTUNITIES AND FUTURE

TiE-COD Seminar Satyam B @ NeoSilicaCOD, Madhapur, HyderabadJune 26, 2009

Satyam B @ NeoSilica

PRESENTATION OUTLINE

Why Green/Clean?

Areas of Opportunities

Government Initiatives

University Programs

Few Good Ideas


OVERVIEW Clean technology includes:

Renewable Energy (wind, solar, biomas, hydro, biofuels) Information Technology used to assist different implementations Green Transportation Green/Electric Motors Green Chemistry Efficient Appliances Green Buildings Environmental finance (carbon credits)

Effects of not taking these initiatives: Global Warming … Impact on the Environment … Household energy bills going up steadily … Energy security …

INDIA Energy Scenario India’s Energy Capacity must increase 65% by 2012

Economic growth requires reliable electric supply Nationwide Electricity Shortfall (forecast for 2008-9)

-8.8% (of Total Availability …. -71BU) -18% (of Peak Load ……………. - 22GW)

Low Plant Load Factors (74% for thermal, some <50%)

o


SIX C’S DRIVING CLEANTECH

Costs the most powerful force driving today’s clean-tech growth is simple economics. As a general trend,

clean-energy costs are falling as the costs of fossil fuel energy are going up

Capital An unprecedented influx of capital is changing the Cleantech landscape, with billions of dollars,

euros, yen, and yuan pouring in from a myriad of public and private sector sources

Competition Governments are competing aggressively in the high-stakes race to dominate in the clean-tech

sector and build the jobs of the future

China and India Inexorable demands being placed on the earth by the explosive demand for resources in China,

India, and other developing nations Eexpanding energy needs are driving major growth in clean-energy, transportation, building, and

water-delivery technologies

Consumers Savvy consumers are demanding cleaner products and services that use resources efficiently, reduce

costs, and embrace quality over quantity

Climate The debate around climate change has gone from question mark to peer-reviewed certainty, and

smart businesses are taking heed

WE BORROW THE EARTH FROM OUR CHILDREN


GLOBAL WARMING

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Report, Nov 2007In 2090-99, relative to 1980-99


EFFECT OF GLOBAL WARMING

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Report, Nov 2007


ENERGY SECURITY

High cost of oil imports contribute to balance of payments leading to trade deficit

Oil/energy subsidies are a major source of trade deficit Meet fast raising demand for oil/energy Oligopoly or monopoly of suppliers can lead to economic and political

instability Remember 1973 Oil Embargo

Oil price went up four times to $12/barrel Japan’s Solution – renewable energy, mass rapid transit, energy

conservation; and produced fuel-efficient cars During the embargo in 1973, US – rationed gasoline, imposed speed limits,

fuel efficiency (27.5mpg compared to 8mpg) on auto manufacturers, eventually declared ‘Energy Independence Act’

Brazil started Proálcool (Pro-alcohol) project to produce ethanol from sugar cane (>50% of gasoline sales in 2008)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro%C3%A1lcool


RAISING ENERGY RATES FOR CONSUMERS Household energy bills going up steadily (UK example)

£ 580 5 years ago to £1,250 today To £5,000 in 10 years (42% yearly increase)

Why are energy bills going up? Rate caps are coming off Energy usage is increasing dramatically, outpacing the supply

World Energy need up by 50% by 2030Of which – 20% India (25% China)

Utilities are investing heavily into Smartgrid activities Utilities are trying to cover “peak demand” losses

Utilities pay 2-3 times typical PPA price during peak demand Increasing costs for energy generation

More Off-shore Exploration Higher Processing Costs for Efficiency and Sustainability Compliance Higher Generation Costs of Renewables

Higher Costs of Transmission and Distribution


GREENHOUSE GASES (GHG) Greenhouse Gases

Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone, and chlorofluorocarbons

Major source of GHG (man made) Burning fossil fuels for power generation India uses Coal for 60% of generation Deforestation CFC /HFC emanating from AC, Refrigerator ,

pesticides Pollution – Industrial, Automobiles in Urban

Count in the Atmosphere 3.64 trillion tons – present count in the

atmosphere 2 billion tons adding every month

Live Count on www.know-the-number.com Also on a 70-foot giant billboard at Madison

Square Garden, New York City For maximum public exposure and awareness Sponsored by Deutsch Bank, and carbon

credits)

http://www.know-the-number.com/






ENERGY DISTRIBUTION IN US (%)

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory


* AREAS OF OPPORTUNITIES

Sustainability

Smart Grid

Investments in Nordic Countries

Green IT

Green Datacenter

Renewable Energy

Green Buildings

Green Transport

Good Ideas and Companies

Green Vehicles

Government Initiatives in India and across Globe


SUSTAINABILITY IN ORGANIZATIONSStrategy for Organizations Hire Sustainability Officers and staff a Sustainability group Define Sustainability Goals and Spread Awareness Report – Economic, Social and Environmental – Parameters Focus on Heat Rate, Energy Use, CO2 kg/mWh Focus on Renewable Energy Produced/Used (%) Focus on Zero Waste Programs

Opportunities for Entrepreneurs Need systems and devices to monitor and provide dashboards for

sustainability officers and management Also educate staff, partners and suppliers to meet sustainability goals These systems need to integrate with local and industry policies,

dynamically, for maximum awareness of conservation opportunities


WHAT IS SMARTGRID? Self-healing

Ability to detect, analyze, respond and restore To deliver reliable and high quality energy

Empowers and Incorporates Consumer Reliable energy supply at affordable costs Ability to install energy efficient devices and practices

Tolerant of Attack Mitigates and resilient to physical and cyber attacks

Provides power quality (for 21st Century) Meet consumer and industry demands

Accommodate wide range of supply and demand Demand Response (peak curtailment), Renewables, Energy Storage, Demand-side Efficiency Ability for time-of-use pricing and incentives

Fully enables and is supported by competitive electricity markets

Bringing in newer technologies such as – power electronics control, distributed generation **, electric energy storage, wireless power distribution, integrated communications, sensors, advanced building systems, efficient appliances and devices

Ability to add additional services such as Fire monitoring and alarms, emergency services using the Smart Grid infrastructure


SMARTGRID ECOSYSTEMStages of evolution of Smartgrid technologies/services:Research->Prototypes->Engineering Pilots->Commercial Pilots->Commercialization

Advanced Metering (Smart Meters, AMR/AMI, Prepaid)

T&D Sensors to monitor Substations

Home Area Networks (wireless/wired), connecting devices sensors for monitoring and control

Distribution Protection Adaptive for Distributed Generation

Building Energy Management Systems with Integration

Circuit and Substation Energy Storage

Centralized Renewable Generation along with Flexible AC Transmission and Storage

High Temperature Superconducting Cables

Integration of Behind the Meter Systems

Market Integration of Distributed Renewable Generation

PHEV/EV Integration

Six-sigma Integrated Smart Micro-Grids

Smart Asset Management (GPS-based asset monitoring, fault management and tracking)


CLEANTECH COMPANIES IN NORDIC COUNTRIES

Number of Companies (seed stage to commercial)

37.. Energy Generation(biomass, medium-to-high waves, solar, wind)

6 …. Energy Storage(to accompany renewable sources and electric vehicles)

8 …. Energy Infrastructure – 8 Energy Efficiency – 35

(sensors and systems for monitoring and controls in Industrial/Commercial) 5 …. Transportation and Logistics 15 .. Water Purification and Wastewater Recycling 10 .. Air and Environment 11 .. Advanced Materials 5 …. Manufacturing and Industrial 4 …. Agriculture 9 …. Water and Recycling


GREEN ITFastest growing segment – recent in Gartner’s Hype Cycles

As per Green IT survey conducted by Symantec, green IT reached critical mass

Surveyed 1000 medium to large companies using IT (>$100m annual IT budget).

Companies are paying 20-25% on electrical costs

Reason – cut costs by reducing energy and cooling costs, and reduce carbon emissions

90% say green IT initiatives are important

70% will pay 10% for energy efficient production, 40% will pay 20% more

Typical Green IT initiatives (not totally new though)

Implement a Corporate Social Responsibility/Sustainability function

Monitor and Benchmark your Company's Carbon footprint

Monitor and Benchmark Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) at Data Center Increase Virtualization, ASP, SaaS initiatives

Ensure that IT and Business work together on green initiatives

Reduce Travel (Telepresence, Webex, corporate Facebook)

Consider the whole product life cycle when upgrading

Work with suppliers to improve your IT carbon footprint


GREEN DATACENTERMajor players: IBM Tivoli, HP OpenView, CA Unicenter

Monitor and manage direct and indirect power consumption Metric collection, analytics, thresholding and events

Time-averaged power and thermal data, related to CPU utilization Manage with awareness of SLAs, and business priorities and policies Set up thresholds and create events for energy management

Visualization and reporting Use analytics data to draw visual graphs, charts and detailed reports – for deeper

understanding, peripheral visibility, and forecasting Help set up policies for automation and potential manual intervention as required

Asset management and spatial awareness Track assets, IT and related to IT (generators and pumps, HVAC, etc.) Track with spatial information for better understanding of cooling and thereby

energy requirements

Use the consolidated data that is presented in useful reports to create policies to: Reallocate workloads as per business and energy efficiency Identify inefficient and nonperforming assets


GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES - GLOBALLY

In US, Obama’s Stimulus Package includes: $70b for clean energy investments $20b as tax incentives for renewable energy ONE million new jobs

US targets 25% of total energy from renewable sources by 2025 World’s first "carbon budget“ presented by Alistair Darling in UK

Reduce GHG emissions to 34pc of 1990 levels by 2020

Japan, China and Korea are coming together to start a major green initiative – fighting for green technology leadership The Republic of Korea will invest $38 billion over 4 years in eco-friendly projects

creating 960,000 new jobs The 36 projects include the creation of green transport networks, the provision of

two million energy-saving homes and the clean-up of the country’s four main rivers

Taiwan declared adding 6.5-10GW of renewable energy in 20 years


R-APDRP INDIA – PROGRAMS AND FUNDS51,177 crores Approved Budget in XI 5-Year Plan Focus of the program shall be on actual, demonstrable performance in terms of sustained loss reduction.

Establishment of reliable and automated systems for sustained collection of accurate base line data, and the adoption of Information Technology in the areas of energy accounting

Part A with 10,000 crores Preparation of Base-line data for the project area covering Consumer Indexing, GIS Mapping, Metering of

Distribution Transformers and Feeders, and Automatic Data Logging for all Distribution Transformers and Feeders and SCADA / DMS system (only in the project area having more than 4 lacs population and annual input energy of the order of 350 MU). It would include Asset Mapping of the entire distribution network at and below the 11Kv transformers and include the Distribution Transformers and Feeders, Low Tension lines, poles and other distribution network equipment. It will also include adoption of IT applications for meter reading, billing & collection; energy accounting & auditing; MIS; redressal of consumer grievances; establishment of IT enabled consumer service centers etc. The base line data and required system shall be verified by an independent agency appointed by the Ministry of Power.

Part B with 40,000 crores Renovation, modernization and strengthening of 11 kV level Substations, Transformers/Transformer Centers, Re-

conductoring of lines at 11kv level and below, Load Bifurcation, feeder separation, Load Balancing, HVDS (11kv), Aerial Bunched Conductoring in dense areas, replacement of electromagnetic energy meters with tamper proof electronics meters, installation of capacitor banks and mobile service centers etc. In exceptional cases, where sub-transmission system is weak, strengthening at 33 kV or 66 kV levels may also be considered.

Part C with 1,177 crores Preparation of a template for System Requirement Specifications , Validation of the Base-line Data System,

Project Advisors and Project Management Consultants , Project Evaluation by Third Party, Capacity Building and development of franchisees in Distribution Sector, Consumer Attitude Survey, Pilots of new Innovations


RENEWABLE ENERGYMajor Solar Project – DESERTEC

20 German companies launching a $550B USD solar project and transmission grid in North Africa this year to supply 15% of electric power for entire Europe in 10 years

Wind Energy Generation will increase from 121GW in 2008 to 318 in 2013

Biofuel Global biofuel (biodiesel and ethanol) market to reach $247b by 2020 (from 74b in

2010) Three key waves of next generation biodiesel

Fuels based on waste greases by 2010 Jatropha-based fuels by 2014 (widely available in Latin America) Algae-based biodiesel in 2016

Ref: Pike Research Report, June 2009

Shell started mixing advanced biofuel from wheat straw from June 09 India has high potential to use agri-waste (sugar/rice mills, plantations) for

fuel/energy (co-gen in sugar mills)


GREEN BUILDINGSUSGBC (US Green Building Council) LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environment Design) 2009 (v3)

Consensus based Certification Points for Sustainable Sites (26), Water Efficiency (10), Energy & Atmosphere (35), Materials & Resources (14) Indoor Environment Quality (15), Innovation in Design (5), Regional Priority (4)

Four levels of Certification Certified ……………. 40-49 points Silver ………………….. 50-59 points Gold …………………… 60-79 points Platinum ………….... 80 points and above

Potential of a Policy (in California) Into effect by next month requiring light reflective roofs on all new buildings – for cool surroundings.

100 sq.meter white roof/surface reduces 10 tons of CO2 (expressed in equivalent car offsets) 10 years …........ 2.4b tons/year …..... 600 million cars for 10 years 20 years …........ 1.2b tons/year …..... 300 million cars for 20 years

Or Roof over RoofTo provide Shade

In Florida

Or Indian Mud Huts

http://www.energy.ca.gov/2008publications/CEC-999-2008-031/CEC-999-2008-031.PDF

http://www.energy.ca.gov/2008publications/CEC-999-2008-031/CEC-999-2008-031.PDF


GREEN/ELECTRIC VEHICLES

Improve the efficiency of existing and mainstream vehicles Use alternative fuels Increase fuel efficiency Reduce pollution

Stricter emission standards

Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) getting popular

Indian Companies – Reva, Ekovehicle – competing worldwide

Other Interesting Companies Avion, Future Vehicle, Loremo (low

resistance mobiles), ZAP (Zero Air Pollution)

Competitions for innovation Automotive X Prize targets 100 MPGe $10 million prize money Mainstream and alternate streams

XR3 Hybrid trike, 225 mpg, diesel+electric (Li-ion battery)

Using DIY Design and Kit on www.rqriley.com

http://www.rqriley.com/


GREEN TRANSPORTATION

Hybrid Trains are in development, pilots (Japan, Czech) also in service Autorail à grande capacité in France in 2004 British Rail Class 139 in UK and River Street Car in US in 2009

Personal Rapid Transit In Masdar City, Dubai Driver-less Cars Over Electric Networks


SOME NEW IDEAS Transparent Electronics

Can build window panes that act as solar panels

Solar based Power for Satellites and Spaceships from PowerSat U.S. Provisional Patent No. 61/177,565 –

"SPACE-BASED POWER SYSTEMS AND METHODS. “

Power Generation from Kinetic Energy Plates in the parking lot, harnessing energy

from the customers' cars movement to generate as much as 30kW of energy (in a UK store)

Cool Idea in the Desert Umbrella collects moisture at night, in a

desert Using the same technique, a large umbrella

collects enough water to cool the rooms below and provide drinking water.


MIT ENERGY CLUB

Thousands joined since starting in 2003 Dorm Electricity Competition – the winner takes $10,000 worth of

energy conservation equipment Campus Energy Map Biodiesel@MIT MIT Solar Decathlon Global Competition Solar Decathlon – an international competition

Challenging college teams from around the globe Blend aesthetics and modern conveniences with maximum energy

production and optimal efficiency. Challenge to think in new ways about energy to:

Increase public awareness about renewable energy and energy efficiency Help move solar energy technologies to the marketplace faster

For more information, contact Kurt Keville at kkeville[@mit.edu]

MIT Solar Vehicle Team

mailto:Biodiesel@MIT

clean/green technologies and solutions - neosilica · 2011-03-23 · clean/green technologies...

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