cleiton silva

© ABB Group October 25, 2012 | Slide 1

New Solar Technology ABB’s Advanced Solutions for Solar Plants

Cleiton Silva, Sales & Market Manager, Power Generation

Cigré – Chile. October, 2012.


Introduction to ABB. Power Generation BU

ABB technologies for solar markets

Photovoltaic Solar technology (PV).

Concentrating Solar Power technology (CSP).

Storage Power technology (SP).

PowerStore-Flywheel System

Additional considerations for solar projects

Worldwide References (PV & CSP)

Table of contents


135,000 employees in about 100

countries

$38 billion in revenue (2011)

Formed in 1988 merger of Swiss and

Swedish engineering companies

Predecessors founded in 1883 and

1891

Publicly owned company with head

office in Switzerland

NYSE, Zurich and Stockholm stock

markets

ABB: a global leader in power and automation technologies Leading market positions in main businesses


Power Products (PP)

Power Systems (PS)

Discrete and Motion (DM)

Process Automation (PA)

$10.3 billion

35,000

employees

$7.7 billion

19,500

employees

$8.4 billion

27,500

employees

$7.8 billion

28,500

employees

(2011 revenues, consolidated)

Low Voltage Products (LV)

$5.0 billion

21,000

employees

ABB’s PS Division, Power Generation BU:

More than $4 billion worldwide business

Among the “Top 10“ in the power generation

ABB is recognized as market leader and reliable

supplier of main equipment for all power generation

applications

ABB has turnkey capabilities based upon:

Extensive process and system know-how

One of the largest installed bases in the world

How ABB is organized Five Global divisions. Power Generation BU


Solar plants

Gasturbines /

CCPP

Steam power

plants

Diesel plants

Water

Hydro plants

Nuclear

Waste-to-Energy /

Biomass

ABB. Global power generation Overall scope and applications



ABB technologies for solar markets







Table of contents

Concentrating Solar Power Technology.

Turnkey ABB solution (EPC), with ABB technology.

22 years in the CSP business.

One third of the CSP market (1,160 MW) is running ABB technology.

40 MW installed, 1.100 under negotiation.

PV Photovoltaic Power Technology.

Turnkey ABB solution (EPC / BoS / EBoP) with ABB technology.

400 MW ABB Products.

227 MW installed, 30 MW under erection, 3,125 MW under negotiation.

Battery Storage Power Technology.

Storage option for all solar technologies. Turnkey solution.

60 MW installed, 100 MW under negotiation.

PowerStore-Flywheel System Schematic.

18 MWs spinning reserve for peak demand and load fluctuation. Turnkey solution.

5 MW installed, 20 MW under negotiation.

ABB Technologies Solar power technologies by ABB

BOS EBOP EPC

Panels

Monocryistalline

Thin film

Polycrystalline


Structures

Fix

1 Axis

2 Axis

Glasshouses

Roof

DC Cabinet Protection and

string monitoring

- DC Cabling

- Protection

- String control

- Tracker control

String composition

DC Cables

DC Cabinet tracker control

Substation

MV Lines

Inverters

Plug & play

Inverters

Concrete building

Switching

Supervisory and

control system

CT

Transformers

MV an LV Swicthgears

Concrete building

Plug & play

Perimetral

vigilance

PV Solar Plants

http://www.ecologistasenaccion.org/IMG/jpg/Linea_electrica.jpg

ABB Inc. North American Region Utility Landscape Interactive Display Slide 9

Low cost turnkey solar boilers based on Fresnel technology

NOVA-1 Solar Boiler

Fixed positioned receiver system (no vacuum insulation)

Direct vaporization of water

Use of 16 primary reflector rows per unit

Continuous tracking of primary reflectors to keep sun focused on receiver

Self moving cleaning machines, allowing 3 day cleaning cycle

Cleaning performance 4,000 m² / hour (14 km/h)

2 millimeter water use per square meter per year (80% less water than Parabolic Trough)

Novatec Solar – CSP Technology for Solar Power Concentrating Solar Power Linear Fresnel technology (CSP)

NOVA-1

Direct saturated steam

285°C – 70 bar

SUPERNOVA

Direct superheated steam

540°C – 140 bar

Land efficiency: for the same installed capacity, 30% less land

than the required by Parabolic Trough

Novatec_2011.wmv


CSP Technologies. Linear Fresnel

Functional Layout

ABB Inc. North American Region Utility Landscape Interactive Display Slide 11

Fully Containerized solutions for ratings up to 4 MW

Transformer contained for < 2.5 MW units and < 22 kV.

External transformer for ratings above that.

Testing for complete PCS prior to shipment to site.

Mobile solution

Minimize install & commissioning time

Reduce transportation costs

Producer – consumer power balance.

Balancing power is a major issue when the share of intermittent

generation increases

Energy Storage Systems contribute to balance and stabilize power

generation and consume of power

DynaPeaQ / SVC Light with Energy Storage > 20MW

Storage power technology Containerized solutions

PowerStore – Flywheel System

Spinning reserve

Grid stabilising

Minimize power output fluctuations

Scalable & Modular

Frequency control

Introducing SYNTHETIC INERTIA

Voltage control

Fault ride through

Grid forming

Unbalanced load supply

Active & Reactive power supply

Frequency and voltage control setup for slow load changes

Load sharing between generators

Automatic dispatch control

Peak shaving

MG

440Vac

60-120Hz

440Vac

50/60Hz

Reactive

Power

Real

Power

Real

Power

Fixed

Frequency

Variable

Frequency

2.9T

1,800 - 3,600 RPM

Virtual

Generator Flywheel

Inverter

PowerStore-Flywheel System Containerized solutions

Performance Data: Net. energy content 18 MWs

Max input/output power 1650 kW

Speed range 1800 to 3600 rpm

Total weight 6000 kg

Rotor weight 2900 kg

Idling losses 10 kW

Greasing frequency 5 years

Bearing service life 8 years

Features:

• Helium filled

• Magnetic support

• Redundant bearings

Magnetic Support

Top Bearing

Top Guard Bearing

Rotating Rectifier

Excitation

Generator

Main Machine

Flywheel

Bottom Bearing

Bottom Guard

Bearing

PowerStore-Flywheel System Containerized solutions


Typical hourly solar PV production .

Solar PV covers 75% of the maximum power demand spectrum.

25% of storage system is recommended to cover the maximum demand power spectrum.

Hydraulic

Batteries

Solar generation and motor peak demand fluctuation must be compensated.

Fly wheel (18 MWs block ) + storage.

Typical size of equipment

PV Plant: 25 MW solar direct generation

PV plant extension of 5 MW for storage (Min 20% of total).

1 Container of 40” PowerStore Flywheel every 25 MW of PV

5 MW storage (Batteries or Hydraulic) (Min 20% of total)

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Grid demand Grid Consumption PV generation

Other considerations (Hybrid solutions)

Wind + PV

PV + (CSP & Thermal Storage)

Diesel + PV + Pumping storage

Solar PV Power Solutions. South Africa case.


Pe = electric power (W)

ρ = fluid density (kg/m³)

ηt = performance of the hydraulic turbine (from 0,75 to 0,94)

ηg = performance of the electric generator (from 0,92 to 0,97)

ηm = mechanical performance of the turbine-generator coupling (from 0,95 to 0.99)

Q = usable flow (m³/s)

H = net head (m)

H = 100 m H = 100 m

Hydraulic Storage example:

Assumptions:

0,5 MW 1,0 MW 5,0 MW 10 MW

Density 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 kg/m3

Gravity 9.81 9.81 9.81 9.81 m/s2

ƞt 0.845 0.845 0.845 0.845 %

ƞg 0.945 0.945 0.945 0.945 %

ƞm 0.97 0.97 0.97 0.97 %

H 100 100 100 100 m

Q 0.66 1.32 6.6 13,2 m3/s

Pe 0.5015 1.0030 5.0150 10.0301 MW

Volume 2,376 4,752 23,760 47,520 m3

Volume for 0,5 MWh

Volume for 1,0 MWh

Volume for 5,0 MWh

Volume for 10 MWh

Length M 30 40 70 90

Wide M 27 40 70 90

Height M 3 3 5 6

Volume m3 2,430 4,800 24,500 48,600

Diameter M 32 45 80 100

Height m 3 3 5 6

Volum m3 2,413 4,771 25,133 47,124

Equivalent volume for 1 hour:

Solar PV Power hybrid solution. Hydraulic simulation.



ABB technologies for solar markets.







Table of contents


• PV taps into unlimited, indigenous energy

supply and can make a sizeable contribution

to meet rising power demand

• PV generates power close to consumption,

thus supporting strained grids or enabling

local mini grids. It can be combined well with

other renewable or conventional technologies.

• PV can thus accelerate electrification and

stimulate economic activity, while reducing

import reliance

• High irradiation levels make PV already competitive

compared to diesel generators. In the future, PV will

be highly competitive to all alternatives. Directing

investment into PV now provides a long term source

of energy with low operational cost and enables

domestic industry build up

• PV is a low carbon technology and has an “energy

packback” time of 10-20 months.

It doesn’t need water to operate and has no adverse

impacts on local air quality

Locations and Irradiation data base for mining Sunbelt key benefits of PV addressing.


Predictivity and dispatchability

Require an evolutionary optimization algorithm based in an Artificial Neural Network used for 24 hours weather forecasting and production estimation.

Accuracy must be better than 5%.

Storage system required (hydraulic, batteries…)

Additional incentives can complement the technology attractiveness (Law 20/20)

Job creation.

PV is the industry than will generate more local jobs in O&M.

Countries with high portion of non-qualified people can employ and qualify this population for basic maintenance (cutting grass, cleaning panels, manual fix structure orientation, painting…)

Require an adaptation over the actual O&M criteria (win to win).

South Africa criteria: megawatt solar farm (8 -10 people)

Certified Emission Reduction (CER).

The CERs are assigned and approved by United Nations and the beneficiary projects are revised per year.

1 CER = 1 ton CO2. equivalent (Conversion CER to KWh depends on the host country energy mix)

Average price for 2011 was 16 €/CER. Estimated demand per year: USA 1.000 M, EU: 210 M, Japan: 250 M

Conversion 1 kWh → 0,64 kg of CO2 (1 c€/KWh). In case of industrial trading demand, 3 c€/kWh

Other consideration to improve PV plants



ABB technologies for solar markets.







Table of contents


PV PLANTS

More than 30 PV plants (Full EPC)

More than 100 PV plants (ABB products > 400 MWp).

14.4 MWp grid connected in 2008 - 2009.

78.1 MWp grid connected in 2010.

24 PV plants grid connected (> 200 MWp) in 2011.

3,124 MWp under negotiation (6,600 MUSD)

4 countries with consolidated projects (Spain, USA, France, Italy).

38 new countries starting activities & projects.

CSP PLANTS

22 years in the CSP business

One third of the CSP market (1,160MW) is running ABB technology

As DCS, EBoP or supplier, 220MW (4 plants) since 1990 in the SEGS plants in California, and 935MW (16 plants) in the last 4 years alone (in Spain, USA, Algeria and Egypt)

As EPC, 3 plants in operation: PE1 1.4 MW (Spain), PE2 30 MW (Spain), Liddell 9.3 MWth (Australia)

Worldwide References Summary of ABB Solar Plants

../Solar/Novatec_2011.wmv


Criteria selection .

Strong reference list.

Strong balance sheet.

To be listed in stock market exchange.

Bankability.

Standard design, fully proved.

Proved acknowledge and experience with grid connectivity.

Local infrastructure.

Local services for O&M.

The EPC company must to combine all technology and efficiency criteria to adapt the customer request to the optimal installation and production scheme.

Construction and Erection Quality in all phases of the project. EPC company selection


Thank you!

Cleiton Silva

Sales and Market Manager

Power Generation

[email protected]

+56 9 7987-8968

mailto:[email protected]

cleiton silva

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