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Climate and Atmosphere-- Egypt

Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions {a} Egypt

Middle East

& North

Africa World

(in thousand metric tons of CO2)Total Emissions, 1998 105,753 1,546,030 24,215,376

Percent change since 1990 40% 46% 8%

Emissions as a percent of global CO2 production 0.4% 6.4%

Emissions in 1998 from:

solid fuels 2,510 130,585 8,654,368

liquid fuels 69,957 833,523 10,160,272

gaseous fuels 23,717 461,305 4,470,080

gas flaring 0 50,244 172,208cement manufacturing 9,569 70,373 758,448

Per capita CO2 emissions, 1998

(thousand metric tons of CO2) 1.6 4.0 4.1

Percent change since 1990 19% 18% -2%

CO2 emissions (in metric tons) per million

dollars Gross Domestic Product {b}, 1998 1,503 X 773

Percent change since 1990 1% X -10%

Cumulative CO2 emissions, 1900-1999(in billion metric tons) 2,442 30,843 933,686

CO2 Emissions by Sector, 1999 {c} (in million metric tons of CO2)Public electricity, heat production,

and autoproducers 33 417 8,693

Other Energy Industries 5 150 1,205

Manufacturing Industries and Construction 29 300 4,337

Transportation 18 242 5,505

Residential 11 118 1,802Other Sectors {d} 8 196 5,640

Total Emissions All Sectors: 105 1,423 27,180

CO2 Intensity, 1999Emissions per total energy consumption

(metric tons CO2 per terajoule energy) 59 62 56

Emissions per Gross Domestic Product {e}

(metric tons of CO2/million $PPP) 529 721 582

View more Country Profiles on-line at http://earthtrends.wri.org

CO2 Emissions by Source, Egypt, 1998

2%

67%

22%

0%9% Solid Fuels

Liquid Fuels

Gaseous Fuels

Gas Flaring

CementManufacturing

Per Capita CO2 Emissions: 1950, 1975 and 1998

0

1

2

3

4

5

1950 1975 1998thousand metric tons of CO2

Egypt

Middle East &

North Africa

World

CO2 Emissions by Sector, Egypt, 1999

31%

5%

28%

17%

11%

8%Electricity and Heat

ProductionOther EnergyIndustries

Manufacturing andConstruction

Transportation

Residences

Other Sectors

EarthTrends

Country Profiles

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Atmosphere and Climate-- Egypt

Egypt

Middle East

& North

Africa World

Non-CO2 Air Pollution, thousand metric tons

Sulfur dioxide emissions, 1995 543 7,335 141,875Nitrogen oxide emissions, 1995 408 5,071 99,271

Carbon monoxide emissions, 1995 3,122 31,879 852,415

Non-methane VOC emissions {f}, 1995 884 15,711 159,634

Multilateral Agreements Status as of September 2002Data show the year each country ratified the agreement, unless labeled as "signed only".

Kyoto Protocol 1999 (signed only)

United Nations Framework Convention

on Climate Change (UNFCCC) 1994

Vienna Convention 1988

Other Resources:Sustainable Development Country Profile of the

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations:

http://www.fao.org/countryprofiles/index.asp?subj=2&iso3=

Footnotes:

Some footnotes are not incorporated here. Please refer to the Data Tables section of EarthTrends for a full listing.

a. Source: Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC). b. Constant US dollars. c. Source: International Energy Agency (IEA).

d. Includes the commercial sector, agriculture, the public service sector, and international bunkers

e. GDP is in 1995 international dollars, adjusted for Purchasing Power Parity. f. VOC: Volatile Organic Compounds.

View more Country Profiles on-line at http://earthtrends.wri.org

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

Index Valu

e (1960=100)

total per capita per dollar of GDP

CO2 emissions: Relative Trends, Egypt, 1960-1998


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United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). 2001. UNFCCC Status of Ratification. Bonn: UNFCCC. Available on-line athttp://unfccc.int/resource/conv/ratlist.pdf.

Secretariat for the Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol . 2002. Status of Ratif ication/Accession/Acceptance/Approval of the agreements on the protection of the stratospheric ozone layer . Nairobi: United Nations Environment Program. Available online at: http://www.unep.ch/ozone/ratif.shtml.


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