clil digestive system 2 - artigianelli.org
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- Bolus—> chyme - Mucus vs. auto digestion
thickenings
StomachKEYWORDS:
- Bag - Gastric juice —> protein digestion (hydrochloric acid HCl + pepsinogen/pepsine) - Cleavage
proteolisis = activation
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KEYWORDS: - 7.5 - 8.0 m long - Digestion and absorption
gut-intestine-bowel
SMALL INTESTINE: - 6.5 m long
- duodenum - jejunum - ileum
LARGE INTESTINE: - 1.5 m long
- cecum - colon - rectum
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Duodenum
Mild activity
enzymes
STRONG activity
enzymes
Inside the duodenum chyme is definitely decomposed by enzymes: - amylases for carbohydrates, - proteases for proteins, and - lipases for lipids.
produced in the pancreas as inactive
(proenzymes)
become active here thanks to
proteolisis
accumulates bile (gall) that facilitates lipid digestion
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Absorption
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• once the chyme passes through duodenum it becomes the chyle.
• nutrients in the chyle are absorbed in the small intestine.
Absorption
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AbsorptionKEYWORDS:
- villi = projections of the tube - increase in size to 250-300 m2
- blood vessels
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Large intestine• absorbs water from what remains of chyle.
• forms the feces.
• recently its role has been revised. We now think that it represents a microenvironment essential for mutualistic microorganism proliferation.
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Microbiota• community of microorganisms in the large
bowel.
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Rectum• Rectum is the last part of the large intestine
and stores feces before they are expelled.
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