Climate Action Climate Action PlanPlan

Approved by the

Ithaca College Board of Trustees

October 2009

Former President Peggy Williams signed the American College and University Presidents Climate

Commitment on May 29, 2007.

We commit our institutions to taking the following We commit our institutions to taking the following steps in pursuit of climate neutrality:steps in pursuit of climate neutrality:

1.1. Initiate the development of a comprehensive plan to achieve Initiate the development of a comprehensive plan to achieve climate neutrality as soon as possible.climate neutrality as soon as possible.

a. Within two months of signing this document, create institutional structures to guide the development and implementation of the plan. (Presidents Climate Commitment task team formed)(Presidents Climate Commitment task team formed)

b. Within one year of signing this document, complete a Within one year of signing this document, complete a comprehensive inventory of all greenhouse gas comprehensive inventory of all greenhouse gas emissions (including emissions from electricity, heating, emissions (including emissions from electricity, heating, commuting, and air travel) and update the inventory commuting, and air travel) and update the inventory every other year thereafter.every other year thereafter. (GHGE inventory already completed for calendar years 2000 – (GHGE inventory already completed for calendar years 2000 – 2007)2007)

2007 GHG Emissionsin metric tonnes CO2e

32,629 net

Over four successive Spring independent student projects, students conducted the College’s comprehensive greenhouse gas emissions

inventories for the calendar years 2000-2008. 32,691 net

Base Portfolio

32,629metric tons of CO2 equivalents

(2007 GHGE)

32,629metric tons of CO2 equivalents

(2007 GHGE)

32,629 MTCDE

32,629 MTCDE

32,629 MTCDE

Scope 1

Direct greenhouse gas emissions from sources that the institution owns or controls:

- natural gas (space- and domestic-water heating)

- fuel for College fleet vehicles

- chemicals (refrigerants, fertilizers)

24%

32,629 MTCDE

Scope 2

Indirect greenhouse gas emissions from the generation of purchased electricity consumed by equipment or operations owned or controlled by the institution

50%

32,629 MTCDE

Scope 3

Indirect greenhouse gas emissions from all other sources that occur as a consequence of the institution’s activities that are not owned or operated by the institution:

- student and staff commuting - business travel - solid waste generation

26%

Scope 1 Direct GHG emissions from sources the institution owns or controls. - natural gas (space- and domestic-water heating) - fuel for fleet vehicles - chemicals (refrigerants, fertilizers)

Scope 2 Indirect GHG emissions from the generation of purchased electricity consumed by equipment or operations owned or controlled by the institution.

Scope 3 Indirect GHG emissions from all other sources that occur as a consequence of the institution’s activities but are not owned or operated by the institution. - commuting by faculty and staff and non-resident students - air travel for school business) - solid waste

74%

26%

32,629 MTCDE

Met

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O2e

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Ithaca College Greenhouse Gas Emissions History

c. Within two years of signing this document,c. Within two years of signing this document, develop an develop an institutional action plan for becoming climate neutral, which institutional action plan for becoming climate neutral, which will include: will include:

i. A i. A target datetarget date for achieving climate neutrality as soon as for achieving climate neutrality as soon as possible. possible.

ii. ii. Interim targets for goals and actionsInterim targets for goals and actions that will lead to that will lead to climate neutrality. climate neutrality.

iii. iii. Actions to make climate neutrality and sustainabilityActions to make climate neutrality and sustainability a part of the curriculuma part of the curriculum and other educational experience and other educational experience for all students.for all students.

iv. iv. Actions to expand research Actions to expand research or other efforts necessary to or other efforts necessary to achieve climate neutrality. achieve climate neutrality.

v. v. Mechanisms for tracking progress on goals and Mechanisms for tracking progress on goals and actions.actions.

Climate Action Plan Due: Climate Action Plan Due: September 15, 2009September 15, 2009

Climate Target and Timeline:

100% by 2050 minimum 2.5% per year

reduction

Initiate two or more of Initiate two or more of the following tangiblethe following tangible actions to reduce actions to reduce greenhouse gases while thegreenhouse gases while the more comprehensive more comprehensive plan is being developed.plan is being developed.

a.a. Establish a policy that all new campus construction will be Establish a policy that all new campus construction will be built to at least the U.S. Green Building Council’s built to at least the U.S. Green Building Council’s LEED LEED Silver standardSilver standard or equivalent or equivalent. (approved)

b.b. b. Adopt an energy-efficient appliance purchasing policy b. Adopt an energy-efficient appliance purchasing policy requiring purchase of ENERGY STAR certified products in all requiring purchase of ENERGY STAR certified products in all areas for which such ratings exist. areas for which such ratings exist. (approved)

c. Establish a policy of offsetting all greenhouse gas emissions c. Establish a policy of offsetting all greenhouse gas emissions generated by air travel paid for by our institution. generated by air travel paid for by our institution. (still pending)

d. Encourage use of and provide access to public transportation d. Encourage use of and provide access to public transportation for all faculty, staff, students and visitors at our institutionfor all faculty, staff, students and visitors at our institution. (College supports 100% of bus fare cost for employees; 30% for students)

e. Within one year of signing e. Within one year of signing this document, this document, begin purchasing or begin purchasing or producing at least 15%producing at least 15% of our institution’s electricity of our institution’s electricity consumptionconsumption from renewable sources. from renewable sources. (we are purchasing 50% RECs for LEED Platinum buildings (Park

Center and PRWC) and 70% for the A&E Center, but this does not meet 15% of institution’s demand).

f. Establish a policy or a committee that supports climate and f. Establish a policy or a committee that supports climate and sustainability shareholder proposals at companies where our sustainability shareholder proposals at companies where our institution's endowment is invested. institution's endowment is invested. (will not be considered)

g. Participate in the Waste Minimization component of the g. Participate in the Waste Minimization component of the national RecycleMania competition, and adopt 3 or more national RecycleMania competition, and adopt 3 or more associated measures to reduce waste. associated measures to reduce waste. (we participate annually in RecycleMania)

3. Make the action plan, inventory, and periodic progress 3. Make the action plan, inventory, and periodic progress reports publicly available by providing them to the reports publicly available by providing them to the Association for the Advancement of Sustainability in Higher Association for the Advancement of Sustainability in Higher Education (AASHE) for posting and dissemination.Education (AASHE) for posting and dissemination. (1st and 2nd year reports and all GHGE inventories posted)

“Business as Usual”

Base Case

“Virtually all of our directly-financed activities resulting in GHG emissions will likely be covered either directly or indirectly under the legislation. Accordingly, Ithaca College will bear the cost of compliance either directly or in the form of higher costs from its energy and transportation supply chains.”

Ithaca College would still be subject to the financial risk of increased energy costs in the future, whether driven by market forces or regulatory requirements.

Even if we take no action and continue to operate in a “Business As Usual” mode, the best estimate is that Ithaca College may be subject to future regulatory costs

with a present value of $25,000,000.

Reference Case

Carbon offsets enable individuals and businesses to reduce the CO2 emissions for which they are responsible

by offsetting, reducing or displacing CO2 emissions in another place.

Climate Neutrality = “having no net GHG emissions, to be achieved by minimizing GHG emissions as much as possible and using carbon offsets or other measures to

mitigate the remaining emissions.” Reference Cost = using financial instruments only (no direct actions to reduce

emissions) to achieve our 2050 neutrality goal. Present value of Reference cost is estimated to be $15,600,000.

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050

GH

G E

mis

sion

s (M

TCO

2e)

Grid Footprint Change

Scope 1: Metering and Energy ManagementScope 1: Behavior

Scope 1: Space Management

Scope 1: Mechanical Systems UpgradeScope 1: Geoexchange

Scope 1: Boiler Upgrades

Scope 1: Central Utility Plant

Scope 1: Central Utility Plant plus EGSScope 1: Solar Domestic Hot WaterScope 1: Campus Fleet - Fuel EfficiencyScope 1: Campus Fleet -Alternative Fuel VehiclesScope 2: Metering and Energy ManagementScope 2: Behavior

Scope 2: Appliance Efficiency Standards Scope 2: Space Management

Scope 2: Mechanical Systems UpgradeScope 2: Geoexchange

Scope 2: Boiler Upgrades

Scope 2: Lighting Upgrades

Scope 2: Central Utility Plant

Scope 2: Central Utility Plant plus EGS

PV of Offset Cost: $15.6 MM

Scope 1

Scope 2

Scope 3 - Commuting

Scope 3 - Other (Air Travel, etc.)

Indirect emission reductions through

purchased electricity. This assumes the grid will be subject to GHG

regulation.

Reference Case

Lighting Upgrades… includes lamp, luminaire and control improvements to existing artificial lighting systems. Based on field findings during retro-commissioning work, specific retrofits will be packaged to yield a blended payback of 7 years. There will likely be additional modest CO2e reductions due to reduced cooling loads.

Costs: initial investments to reduce lighting EUI to 1.0 watt/sf from 2.0 watt/sf will yield a 5-year payback. Secondary investments to get lighting EUI to 0.5 watt/sf will yield a 10-year payback. Thus, average payback will be 7 years.

Benefits: (1) lighting accounts for 20% of electrical consumption campus-wide (chose low end of 20-30% range); (2) "actual" energy-use intensity (EUI) for lighting is 2.0 watt/sf; (3) after 40 years, target EUI for lighting is 0.5 watts per square foot of building space.

Action Capital CostsNet Benefit (Savings -

Cost)

Contribution Toward Neutrality in

2050 (MTCDE)

Appliance Efficiency Standards $0.0 $1.33 62Lighting Upgrades ($2.1) $5.02 367Metering and Energy Management ($0.0) $6.92 547Space Management $0.0 $0.98 137Behavior ($0.0) $2.93 460Mechanical Systems Upgrade ($3.3) $7.55 2,041Boiler Upgrades ($3.7) $6.83 1,735Geoexchange ($5.7) $10.94 4,214Wind ($6.0) $1.32 457Solar Domestic Hot Water ($1.5) $0.76 600Central Utility Plant plus EGS ($12.6) $1.49 7,000Central Utility Plant ($17.0) ($7.44) 1,735

Air Travel $0.0 $1.55 273Campus Fleet - Fuel Efficiency ($0.2) $0.67 211Campus Fleet - Alternative Fuel Vehicles ($0.1) $0.02 310Commuter Travel (Moderate) ($0.1) ($1.28) 360Commuter Travel (Reach) ($0.1) ($2.88) 664

Life Cycle NPV($MM; 5% discount rate)

Through 2050

Facilities

Transportation

reduction target

Action begins in Gas Elec GHG

Behavior Change Programs 2010 3% 4% 3%… to promote energy-conserving behaviors by faculty, staff & students, complementing transport actions (p. 19)

Meter & Retro-Commission 2010 2% 12% 7%… finish installing meters, then have the energy manager monitor & dispatch staff to assure systems are operating properly (p. 18)

Space Management 2011 1% 1% 1%… more-effectively using existing spaces, and shutting down or turning-back spaces that are not needed (p. 18)

Controls Upgrades 2010 20% 20% 14%… will allow us to better monitor system performance and balance systems to space management needs (p. 19)

Envelope Upgrades 2016 3% 0% 2%… to reduce heat gains/losses & infiltration, and improve thermal comfort for occupants.

Major Plant Upgrades 2013+ 40% 10% 14%… either replace distributed existing boilers/chillers or use regional/central plants & improved distribution piping (p. 19)

Solar Domestic Hot Water 2016 5% - 3%… will focus on residential and dining halls, where hot water consumption is greatest (p. 21)

Appliance Efficiency Standards 2011 - 3% 2%… will improve the efficiency of plug loads, and eventually be required for personal appliances as well (p. 17)

Lighting Upgrades 2011 - 15% 8%… to improve efficiency, control and have more uniform equipment specifications (p. 17)

electricity

natural gas

employee commuting

travel

Years 1-5

appliance efficiency standards – 3%; 2%

controls upgrade – 20%; 10%

energy management/RCx– 12%; 6%

space management – 1%; 0.25%

behavior – 4%; 2%

reuse/recycle– 30%; 1%

behavior– 5%; 0%

behavior– 3%; 1%

controls upgrade– 20%; 4%

energy mgmt/RCx– 2%; 0%space mgmt– 1%; 0%

employee commuting natural

gas

travel

electricity

natural gas

employee commuting

travel

electricity

First Five Years (2010-2015)

complete the metering of all campus buildings & major energy-using systemsupgrade controls for lighting and HVAC systemsexpand the data inventory of our energy-using systemsretain an energy managerretro-commission all existing facilitiesdevelop performance-driven facility design guidelines

feasibility of central plant optiondevelop energy- and space-use intensity guidelines for construction/renovationsdevelop building envelope renovation guidelinesstandardize energy-using systems and equipment

develop program and policy changes that support emissions-reducing behaviorsdemonstration installation of solar domestic water heatinginvestigate third-party financing of renewable energy technologies (PV/wind)

hire a transportation coordinator to establish commuter reduction goals

What have we accomplished so far?• Retained an Energy Manager – Michelle Jones hired summer 2010

Renegotiated energy contracts, saving thousands of dollars

Initiated 10% Energy Campaign to reduce building energy consumption campus-wide an average of 10%

• Continue upgrading HVAC and lighting with energy-efficient technologies

Re-lamping projects, many with LED technology

Comprehensive dining energy and water conservation project

Variable-speed drives on HVAC system motors

• Contracted with Clough-Harbor Associates (CHA) to conduct energy audit and retro-commissioning study of all campus buildings

Install controls on energy systems and implement set-backs

CHA will upgrade and complete energy sub-meter installations

CHA will also study the feasibility of a central utility plant or regional plants that might eventually be fueled with biofuels

• Updated the Comprehensive Environmental Policy:

Departments shall specify and purchase Energy Star –certified energy-efficient products, where applicable

All new facilities and major renovations shall incorporate sustainable practices to the degree feasible and shall strive, at a minimum, to meet the equivalent of a LEED Silver rating in their design. Project management teams are encouraged to meet higher LEED rating levels whenever possible

• Expanded College support for alternative transportation for commuting

Extended free TCAT usage to part-time staff, Sodexo employees, and to Challenge consumers working on our campus

Underwrite Ithaca Carshare ridership costs for students and staff

Underwrite participation in VPSI van pool program

Provide free bus passes to commuters served by Tioga Transit and Chemung Transit systems

Collaborated in the development of Zimride Tompkins, community-wide rideshare system (currently NYSERDA funded)

What have we accomplished so far?

• Instituted energy- and water-conserving practices campus-wide

All ITS computers/printers on the technology renewal program meet EPEAT and Energy Star standards

Facilities grounds has adopted alternative landscape practices in some areas, reducing need for mowing and irrigation

• Implementing plans to make the campus fleet more fuel-efficient

“Right-sizing” campus vehicle fleet smaller, more fuel-efficient replacement vehicles purchased reducing the need for fleet vehicles through consolidation of services and deliveries specifying “best in class” fuel-efficient vehicles for replacements specifying hybrid technology vehicles where appropriate

Conducted awareness-raising campaigns to solicit adoption of resource-conserving behavior changes

What have we accomplished so far?

Saving one kWh of electricity = 0.86 pounds of CO2

Not combusting one therm of natural gas = 13.45 pounds of CO2

Conserving one gallon of gasoline = 19.6 pounds of CO2

Conserving one gallon of diesel fuel = 22.4 pounds of CO2

Composting one ton of food waste = 2 TONS of CO2

Recycling one ton of paper = 1 TON of CO2

What difference can members of the campus community make?

Traveling one fewer commercial air passenger mile = 0.82 pounds of CO2

Using one less gallon of hot water = 0.18 pounds of CO2

Making resource conserving choices can have a profound impact!

First Five Years (2010-2015)

complete the metering of all campus buildings & major energy-using systems IN PROGRESSupgrade controls for lighting and HVAC systems IN PROGRESSexpand the data inventory of our energy-using systems IN PROGRESSretain an energy manager DONEretro-commission all existing facilities IN PROGRESSdevelop performance-driven facility design guidelines PENDING ACTION

feasibility of central plant option STUDY IN PROGRESSdevelop energy- and space-use intensity guidelines for construction/renovations PENDINGdevelop building envelope renovation guidelines PENDING ACTIONstandardize energy-using systems and equipment PENDING ACTION

develop program and policy changes to support emissions-reducing behaviors IN PROGRESSdemonstration installation of solar domestic water heating PENDING ACTIONinvestigate third-party financing of renewable energy technologies (PV/wind) PENDINGhire a transportation coordinator to establish commuter reduction goals PENDING ACTION

Some “success stories”Dining energy conservation project Campus Center Kitchen 1/1/2011 – 12/31/2011: 9,258 therms of natural gas 1/1/2010 – 12/31/2010: 11,760 therms of natural gas Difference in natural gas use from 2010 to 2011: 21.28% reduction

Facilities maintenance equipment upgrades and replacements Phillips Hall Motors (variable speed drives installed on motors) 2/1/2011 – 12/31/2011: 1,716,779 kWh 2/1/2010 – 12/31/2010: 1,865,037 kWh Difference in electricity use from 2010 to 2011: 7.95% reduction

Science Building (re-lamping, VSDs and laboratory hood system) 1/1/2011 – 12/31/2011: 2,493,385 kWh 1/1/2006 – 12/31/2006: 2,919,285 kWh 14.59% reduction 1/1/2011 – 12/31/2011: 158,385 therms 1/1/2006 – 12/31/2006: 205,726 therms 23.01% reduction

Gannett Center (re-lamping project) 8/31/2007 – 7/31/2008:1,066,589 kWh 8/31/2005 – 7/31/2006: 1,843,319 kWh Difference in electricity use from 2006 to 2008: 72.82% reduction

What is “in the works”…Continue dining energy conservation project replace equipment with energy-efficient models continue to train employees to implement energy-conserving practices institute comprehensive preventive maintenance program develop “business case” scenarios for major building system upgrades

Approved capital projects Whalen Center chiller replacement Campus Center boiler replacement Towers boiler replacement Emerson Hall window replacement Roof replacement on Center for Natural Sciences Set-aside funding for energy conservation projects Hill Center project (new windows, insulation)

Continue facilities maintenance equipment upgrades and replacements replace equipment with energy-efficient models institute comprehensive preventive maintenance program

0

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30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050

GH

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2e)

Grid Footprint Change

Scope 1: Metering and Energy ManagementScope 1: Behavior

Scope 1: Space Management

Scope 1: Mechanical Systems Upgrade

Scope 1: Campus Fleet - Fuel Efficiency

Scope 1: Campus Fleet - Alternative Fuel VehiclesScope 2: Metering and Energy ManagementScope 2: Behavior

Scope 2: Appliance Efficiency Standards

Scope 2: Space Management

Scope 2: Mechanical Systems Upgrade

Scope 2: Lighting Upgrades

Scope 2: Campus Fleet - Alternative Fuel VehiclesScope 3: Commuter Travel (Reach)

Scope 3: Air Travel

Offsets Required for Neutrality

Remaining Scope 1

Remaining Scope 2

Remaining Scope 3 - Commuting

Remaining Scope 3 - Other (Air Travel, etc.)Business As Usual (No Grid Footprint Change)Neutrality by 2050

PV of Offset Cost: $11.7 MM

Scope 1

Scope 2

Scope 3 - Commuting

Scope 3 - Other (Air Travel, etc.)

Base Portfolio Wedge Chart

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050

GHG

Emiss

ions

(MTC

O2e)

Grid Footprint Change

Base Portfolio

Scope 1: Solar Domestic Hot WaterScope 2: Wind

Central Utility Plant

Offsets Required for NeutralityRemaining Scope 1

Remaining Scope 2

Remaining Scope 3 -CommutingRemaining Scope 3 - Other (Air Travel, etc.)Business As Usual (No Grid Footprint Change)Neutrality by 2050PV of Offset Cost: $9.4 MM

Scope 1

Scope 2

Scope 3 - Commuting

Scope 3 - Other (Air Travel, etc.)

Finishing Portfolio with CUPFinishing Portfolio Wedge Chart Central Utility Plant

Years 1-5

Years 6-15

lighting upgrade – 15%; 8%

appliance efficiency standards – 3%; 2%

controls upgrade – 20%; 10%

energy management/RCx– 12%; 6%

space management – 1%; 0.25%

behavior – 4%; 2%

GeoExchange – 10%; 5%

reuse/recycle– 30%; 1%

behavior– 5%; 0%

behavior– 20%; 0%

behavior– 15%; 2% GeoExchange – 40%; 9%

behavior– 3%; 1%

controls upgrade– 20%; 4%

energy mgmt/RCx– 2%; 0%space mgmt– 1%; 0%

env systems upgrades– 8%; 2%

better mpg– 25%; 1%

fuel switch– 25%; 1%

employee commuting natural

gas

travel

electricity

natural gas

employee commuting

travel

electricity

Next Ten Years (2016-2025)

replace aging HVAC plant in buildingsinstall solar domestic water-heating systems for residential and dining facilitiesinstall up to two commercial-scale wind turbines on campusassure that best practices in energy efficiency are followedprocure alternative-fuel vehicles and develop supportive infrastructure

Years 1-5

Years 6-15

Years 16+

lighting upgrade – 15%; 8%

appliance efficiency standards – 3%; 2%

controls upgrade – 20%; 10%

energy management/RCx– 12%; 6%

space management – 1%; 0.25%

behavior – 4%; 2%

solar DHW – 6%; 1%

GeoExchange – 10%; 5%

utility footprint– 35%; 18%

reuse/recycle– 30%; 1%

behavior– 5%; 0%

behavior– 20%; 0%

behavior– 15%; 2% GeoExchange – 40%; 9%

behavior– 3%; 1%

controls upgrade– 20%; 4%

energy mgmt/RCx– 2%; 0%space mgmt– 1%; 0%

env systems upgrades– 8%; 2%

better mpg– 25%; 1%

fuel switch– 25%; 1%

electricity

natural gas

employee commuting

travel

natural gas

employee commuting

electricity

Final Twenty-Five Years (2026-2050)

install photovoltaic systemsassure that best practices in energy efficiency are followedprocure alternative-fuel vehicles and develop supportive infrastructure

???

A B

C D

E F

G H I J K L

M

N O P Q

($1,000)

($800)

($600)

($400)

($200)

$0

$200

$400

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$800

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ngs)

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DE

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ted

(200

9$)

Relative Contribution Toward Neutrality in 2050 (MTCDE)Adjusted Levelized Cost (Savings) per MTCDE Avoided

Scale: = 1,000 MTCDE

Action Abatement Curve

A: Air TravelB: Appliance Efficiency Standards C: Lighting UpgradesD: Metering and Energy ManagementE: Space ManagementF: Campus Fleet - Fuel EfficiencyG: BehaviorH: Mechanical Systems UpgradeI: Boiler Upgrades J: Geoexchange K: WindL: Solar Domestic Hot WaterM: Campus Fleet - Alternative Fuel VehiclesN: Central Utility Plant plus EGSO: Central Utility PlantP: Commuter Travel (Moderate)Q: Commuter Travel (Reach)

Met

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2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Ithaca College Greenhouse Gas Emissions History

Early projections for 2011 for purchased electricity and stationary combustion (natural gas) are for these emissions to greatly increase due to A&E.

Gross greenhouse gas emissions by sourceGross greenhouse gas emissions by source

• Increase our purchase of Renewable Energy Credits 70% for A&E Center 50% for Peggy R. Williams Center 50% for Park Center for Business and Sustainable Enterprise

• Purchase “green power” through our purchased electricity contract

• Invest in the development of the Black Oak Wind Farm in Enfield and make a firm, long-term commitment to purchase wind power

• Increase financial investment in energy efficiency and energy conservation measures in campus buildings

prioritize items on the Sightlines deferred maintenance list that have energy- or water-saving potential add controls on existing systems (occupancy sensors, etc.) be prepared to implement recommendations of the CHA retro-commissioning/ energy audit study increase attention to water-conserving technologies prioritize replacement of old windows and doors and improve insulation of existing buildings

• Consider purchasing “carbon offsets” for stationary combustion (heating)

• Develop a central utility plant that could use biofuels for heating

• Create internal workplace policies to discourage needless energy consumption with consequences for non-compliance

• Increase support for student TCAT passes

• Implement a policy to allow voluntary purchase of “carbon offsets” for institutional air travel and commuting

• Implement a MANDATORY policy to purchase “carbon offsets” for institutional air travel

• Institute parking fees for faculty/staff to encourage use of alternative transportation programs already offered

• Implement a policy to allow voluntary purchase of “carbon offsets” for student air travel and commuting

• Conduct a comprehensive landscape study of the campus, to identify opportunities to further reduce the need for regular mowing, irrigation, maintenance, fertilization, herbicides and pesticides application through development of alternative planting areas