climate and atmosphere - florida international...
TRANSCRIPT
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Climate and Atmosphere
Composition
of
atmosphere
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Vertical structure of atmosphere
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What drives atmospheric motions?
Earth-Sun relationship
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Transport by atmospheric motion and ocean currents
Net transport by atmosphere and ocean
Ocean currents
Atmospheric motions
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Global circulation
Single-cell Model
Thermally driven circulation (direct circulation)
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ITCZ: Intertropical Convergence Zone
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Coriolis Force
../Animations/Coriolisppt.html
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Coriolis Deflection Depends on Latitude
Z
Z
North Pole
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ITCZ
North 30 degree
General circulations of the atmosphere
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Ferrel cell:
indirect cell
Polar cell: direct cell
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Global Atmospheric Circulation Model
../Animations/GlobalWindsV1ppt.html
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Atmospheric Pressure
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Force and Winds Horizontal pressure
gradient force
Winds should blow
from high to low
pressure. But they
are not. Why?
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Geostrophic Balance
High pressure
Low pressure
Coriolis force
Pressure gradient force
Geostrophic Wind
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Curved flow and Gradient Wind
L PcentFcoriF
V
H
V
coriFP centF
Anti-clockwise (cyclonic) Clockwise (anti-cyclonic)
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Hurricane
Northern hemisphere Southern hemisphere
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Frictional force
1
gfV
gV
fF
V
fF
gfV