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Close the Loop!
Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Cara Turner South Africa
Agile Coach | User Group Chairman | Facilitation Fanatic
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Who’s doing TDD?
Why define tests before you start?
What is Continuous Improvement?
… Some Questions …
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
INSPECT
ADAPT
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
How do we do that?
Scientific method
Retrospectives
A3 Thinking / Kaizen
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Assess implications Look clearly
Implement Experiment
Formulate an idea
The Improvement Process
Question and analyse
Check results
?
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
A3 Thinking & Kaizen
Kaizen Memo – individuals, small
Cre
dit
: Cla
ud
io P
err
on
e
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
A3 Report – organization level
A3 Thinking & Kaizen
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
? Teams
A3 Thinking & Kaizen
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Product Environment
Where are we now?
Team Factors
Product Factors
Technical Factors
Org Factors
Current State
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Product Environment
Where should we be?
Team Factors
Product Factors
Technical Factors
Org Factors
Current State
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Product Environment
Where should we be?
Team Factors
Product Factors
Technical Factors
Org Factors
Target Condition
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
The Simulation
Creating & reviewing an experiment
Before & After Retrospectives
(not the sprint)
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Simulation Agenda Study the problem
Retro 1: Define a goal … as an experiment
“By [doing something], we expect [this result]”
Implement the goal
What happens in our Sprint
Retro 2: Review the goal
What happened? What did it change?
? Reflect
On the experiment
What are the factors influencing it?
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
The Product
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
The Context
Product, Technical, Team & Organisation Factors
+ Last Sprint
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Retrospective 1
Study the problem
Create a testable hypothesis
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Study the Problem Look clearly
Product, Technical, Team & Organisation Factors
+ Last Sprint
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
What Influences Change?
What will accelerate the rate of change? e.g. resolve impediments escalating requirements
What will reduce the rate of change? e.g. stabilize code base discover impediments
Question and analyse
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Set the Direction
define a Target State (the long term ideal)
describe a Current State (the problem we have now)
Question and analyse
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Target State: Never have more than two open bugs
Example: Current / Target
Current State: The number of bugs is affecting our velocity, so we need to improve quality across the board
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
The Retrospective Goal
“Pair Program on Integration Stories”
Formulate an idea
Short-term goal for the next sprint only
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Target > Goal Formulate
an idea
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Target > Goal Formulate
an idea
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Target > Goal Formulate
an idea
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Do Science! Hypothesis
“By [doing something] we expect [this result]”
Pass Conditions /
/ Fail Conditions
(we try it and we’re right)
(we try it and we’re wrong)
Formulate an idea
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Target > Goal Formulate
an idea
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Target > Goal > Hypothesis Formulate
an idea
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Write a Goal hypothesis
“By [implementing our goal] we expect [this result]”
Pass Conditions /
/ Fail Conditions
(we try it and we’re right)
(we try it and we’re wrong)
Formulate an idea
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Example: Hypothesis
By: sharing domain knowledge and technical skill while coding
Current State: The number of bugs is affecting our velocity, so we need to
improve quality across the board
We expect: to improve our code quality and decrease the number of bugs
Pass Condition: We note improvements and discoveries while pair programming, and our bug count decreases
Fail Condition: We pair program but there are still many new bugs being generated
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
“Real Life”
The sprint’s events
How your goal is affected
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Week 1
The development manager expresses interest in your progress
You discover a dependency on another team’s architect
Implement Experiment
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Week 2
While grooming you discover a potentially large change that affects many
stories in the backlog
An integration issue takes 2 days to resolve
Implement Experiment
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Week 3
The dev manager is unhappy that you’re interrupting the
architect’s team
You make a breakthrough with an architecture change
Implement Experiment
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
What happened… The development manager expresses interest in your progress
Accelerates change You hope the Dev manager will use your experiment to sell pairing to all the teams
You discover a dependency on another team’s architect
Decelerates change You invite her to pair with your team members
Goal Progress:
Pairing has started, but not as you expected
Implement Experiment
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
What happened (2) While grooming you discover a potentially large change that affects many stories in the backlog
Accelerates change You have to re-plan your release, and you need more time from the architect.
An integration issue takes 2 days to resolve
Decelerates change Your team slows down, but everyone learns a lot about your integration challenges
Goal Progress:
Pairing on integration issue improves knowledge
Implement Experiment
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
What happened (3)
The dev manager is unhappy that you’re interrupting the architect’s team
Increases pressure You discuss ways to work with her team in return
You make a breakthrough with an architecture change
Accelerates change Take this into Release Planning, and thank the architect for all her help
Goal Progress:
Pairing has helped you resolve a difficult problem
Implement Experiment
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Retrospective 2
Study the results
Review your hypothesis
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
What happened…
You’ve missed your sprint
You have to re-plan your
release The architectural breakthrough will help save time
You had to deal with some
organization dynamics
Check results
You did manage to pair quite a
lot
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Review your Experiment
“By doing [something] we expect [this result]”
Were our assumptions correct?
Assess implications
Pass Conditions / / Fail Conditions Which of these did we see? What does that tell us?
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Example: Hypothesis
By: sharing domain knowledge and technical skill while coding
Target State: Never have more than two open bugs
We expect: to improve our code quality and decrease the number of bugs
Pass Condition: We note improvements and discoveries while pair programming, and our bug count decreases
Fail Condition: We pair program but there are still many new bugs being generated
Not clear yet
Our goal didn’t focus on bug counts
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Review your Experiment
“By doing [something] we expect [this result]”
Were our assumptions correct?
Assess implications
Pass Conditions / / Fail Conditions Which of these did we see? What does that tell us?
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Review your Experiment
How much closer are we
to our Target state?
What might we need to adjust to get there?
Assess implications
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Share with the team next to you
2 minutes each way
and then we’ll debrief
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Review your Experiment
What adjustments do we need
to get to our Target state?
What discoveries did you make?
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
The End Almost
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
debrief
How do tests help us?
How does reviewing both the outcome and the test, change how we think about improvements?
How can we bring this into our retrospectives?
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
The End Really
Thank You.
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Close the Loop! Simplifying A3 Thinking for Team Retrospectives
Cara Turner Cape Town, South Africa
Get in Touch
krs.co.za sugsa.org.za
twitter: @cara_faye facilitatingagility.com