cluster learning dynamics – local or global? anders malmberg uppsala university, sweden / peter...
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![Page 1: Cluster Learning Dynamics – Local or Global? Anders Malmberg Uppsala University, Sweden / Peter Maskell Copenhagen Business School, Denmark Presentation](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071806/56649d155503460f949e9f67/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Cluster Learning Dynamics– Local or Global?
Anders MalmbergUppsala University, Sweden /
Peter Maskell Copenhagen Business School, Denmark
Presentation for ISRN Conference, Vancouver, May 2004
![Page 2: Cluster Learning Dynamics – Local or Global? Anders Malmberg Uppsala University, Sweden / Peter Maskell Copenhagen Business School, Denmark Presentation](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071806/56649d155503460f949e9f67/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Our point of departure:• Malmberg & Maskell (2002) The Elusive Concept
of Localization Economies – Towards a Knowledge-based Theory of Spatial Clustering. E&P A 34
• Bathelt, Malmberg & Maskell (2004) Clusters and knowledge: Local buzz, global pipelines and the process of knowledge creation PiHG 28
• Maskell, Bathelt & Malmberg (2004) Temporary Clusters and Knowledge Creation. Spaces 04
• Malmberg & Power (2004) (How) Do (Firms in) Clusters Create Knowledge? Reg Studies (subm)
![Page 3: Cluster Learning Dynamics – Local or Global? Anders Malmberg Uppsala University, Sweden / Peter Maskell Copenhagen Business School, Denmark Presentation](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071806/56649d155503460f949e9f67/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Cluster learning dynamics:Possible local forces could be identified along three dimensions
• The vertical system dimension
• The horizontal system dimension
• The social arena dimension
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The Vertical Dimension
• Local collaborative interaction between …– suppliers of specialized input– demanding customers– suppliers of technology and machinery– suppliers of specialised services– industry-academia links
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The Horizontal Dimension
Local processes of:
• Variation and heterogeniety
• Visibility despite protective attempts
• Monitoring and comparison
• Selection and imitation
• Rivalry
![Page 6: Cluster Learning Dynamics – Local or Global? Anders Malmberg Uppsala University, Sweden / Peter Maskell Copenhagen Business School, Denmark Presentation](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071806/56649d155503460f949e9f67/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The Social Arena
• Localized knowledge spill-overs following from the local nature of everyday day life (local buzz)
• The localized nature of labour market dynamics along the vertical and horizontal dimension
![Page 7: Cluster Learning Dynamics – Local or Global? Anders Malmberg Uppsala University, Sweden / Peter Maskell Copenhagen Business School, Denmark Presentation](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071806/56649d155503460f949e9f67/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Emerging empirical evidence
• Limited support to the idea that the local vertical dimension is important: limited internal trade = little new user-produser knowledge is created locally
• Scant but more promising when it comes to the role of the horizontal dimension
• The social dimension: barely explored. Anecdotal evidence support the role of ”off-work social interaction” as a local learning arena.
• Emerging analyses of the role of labour mobility give promising results
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Cluster Learning Dynamics: The Global-Local Interface
(1) Finding and accessing global knowledge
(2) Combining global knowledge
with local ideas
![Page 9: Cluster Learning Dynamics – Local or Global? Anders Malmberg Uppsala University, Sweden / Peter Maskell Copenhagen Business School, Denmark Presentation](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071806/56649d155503460f949e9f67/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Finding and accessing global knowledge
• Building pipelines• Participating in or organizing conventions,
fairs, exhibitions, meetings (or ‘temporary clusters’)
• Joining global communities of practice or epistemic communities etc.
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Combining Global Knowledge with Local Ideas
• The cluster’s absorptive capacity.
• The role of gatekeepers
• The role of governance and “metaorganizers”
• The challenge: How to balance between knowledge overload and knowledge scantiness and insularism?
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Emerging conclusions• Localised clusters of similar economic activity are
normally not ”locally defined industrial systems”• Rivalry, labour mobility and knowledge spill-overs
following from informal types of social interaction are more likely advantages of spatial clustering than organised inter-firm transactions and collaborations
• The research field should pay more attention to how localised clusters identify, access and utilize knowledge from far away