cnc programming “milling” module objectives: 1) to use topmill 2)to create nc programs for...
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CNC Programming “Milling”
Module Objectives:
1) To use Topmill2) To create NC programs for different milling operations
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Milling Machine
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G-Codes
Function Description
G17,G18, and G19 Working plane selection
G40 Cutter radius compensation OFF.
G41 Cutter radius compensation ON Left.
G42 Cutter radius compensation ON Right.
G70 Input system inch
G71 Input system metric
G00, G01, G02, G03, G04, G54, G90, G91, G94 and G95 Are the same as explained in module 4.
New important G codes:
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G-Codes
Function Description
G111 Polar coordinate interpolation
G147 Approach with a straight line.
G148 Leave in a straight line.
G247 Approach with a quarter a circle.
G248 Leave with a quarter a circle.
The following G-Codes and their relative slides will be used as a reference when solving some practical tasks in this module.
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G17, G18, and G19Used to select the working
plane G17 XY Plane G18 ZX Plane G19 YZ Plane
The tool axis is vertical to the working plane
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What Is The Correct G-code To Select The Top Surface Of The Workpiece As a Working Plane ?
G17
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G41, G42 and G40 With G41 / G42 the tool traverse at equal
distances to the programmed contour along its path. This distance is the dimension of the radius of the cutter.
If the cutter is left to the contour this is programmed by G41 (This called cutter radius compensation left).
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G41, G42 and G40
If the cutter is right to the contour this is programmed by G42.
(This called cutter radius compensation right)
To cancel the radius compensation use G40
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G70 / G71
G70: The controller of the CNC milling machine reads the input values in imperial system (Inch)
G71: The controller of the CNC milling machine reads the input values in metric system (mm)
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G111 If we want to use polar coordinate system to move
the tool, we need first to locate the pole (zero point of the polar coordinate system) measured from original workpiece zero point, this is done by G111.
Then write the required movement in polar system by specifying the Angle (AP) and the radius (RP).
Example:
G111 X30 Y40 Z0G01 RP=40 AP=60 F300
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G147, G148, G247 and G248Soft approach and leaving commands.
The function of soft approach and leaving serves to approach the starting point of a contour tangentially irrespective of the position of the initial point.
The function is mainly used in connection with the tool radius correction; however, it is not obligatory.
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G147, G148, G247 and G248 G147 Approach with straight
line G148 Leave in straight line.
G247 Approach with a quarter a circle
G248 Leave in a quarter a circle
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Cycles
Cycle Description
Cycle 81 Drilling; to make a hole in one phase.
Cycle 83 Deep Drilling; to make a deep hole, which requires introducing the tool
with several phases. (Chip-breaking and chip removal).
Pocket To engrave a circular or a rectangular area on a surface.
Holes To repeat a drilling operation following circular or linear contours.
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Cycle 81 – Drilling CycleTo make a hole in one phase
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Cycle 81
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Cycle 81 To make a hole in one phase
Example:Make a hole atpoint X20 Y20 to a depth = 10mm
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Cycle 81
Solution:
G54 S1500 M3 F120 G00 X20 Y20 Z2Cycle 81 (2,0,1,-10,0)G0 Z40M30
Cycle Parameters:
Return plane absolute 2
Reference plane absolute 0
Safety distance 1 Final drilling depth -10 Depth incremental 0
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Cycle 83 Deep Drilling Cycle
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Cycle 83
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Cycle 83 Cycle 83 (2,2,,-86,,,35,4,1,1,1,1)
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Holes 1
To make a row of holes
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Holes 1
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Holes 1 - Example
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Holes 2To make a circle of holes
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Holes 2
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Holes 2 - Example
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Pocket – (Pocket1/Pocket2)
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Pocket 1
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Pocket 1 - Example
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Pocket 2
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Pocket 2 - Example
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Example of CNC Programming
What Must Be Done To Drill A Hole On A CNC Vertical Milling Machine?
Given That:Absolute Positioning Mode, Cutting Tool No. 1, Spindle Speed 1000
RPM, Clockwise Direction Of Rotation At Feed Rate 200 mm/min .
Hole Position X10, Y12, And Depth Of Hole 10 mm.
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SolutionNC-Program
%Mill_1
N005 G54 N010 G90N015 G97 S1000 M03N020 T1 D1 M6N025 …………………
N030 …………………
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Rapid To Hole Position (Above The Hole)
N025 G00 X10 Y12 Z10
Tool HomeTop View
Front View
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Z Axis Feed To Drill The Hole
N030 G01 Z-10 F200
Top View
Front View
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Rapid Movement In Z Axis Out Of Hole
N035 G00 Z6
Top View
Front View
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The NC-Program
%Mill_1 N005 G54 N010 G90N015 G97 S1000 M03N020 T1 D1 M6
N030 G01 Z-10 F200N035 G00 Z6
N025 G00 X10 Y12 Z10
N045 G00 X100 Y100 Z100N040 M05
N050 M30