co-processing of wastes for sustainability : … · 2018-12-24 · saurashtra enviro projects pvt...
TRANSCRIPT
Dr. Hardik Shah, IAS Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
Government of India
CO-PROCESSING OF WASTES FOR SUSTAINABILITY :
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES - GUJARAT EXPERIENCE
WHAT IS WASTE?
Waste is any substance which is discarded after primary use, or it is worthless, defective and of no use
STRUCTURE OF PRESENTATION
Ø Co-processing
Ø GPCB’s Approach
Ø Initiatives and Strategy by GPCB
Ø Current scenario (2009-18)
Ø Challenges
Ø Advantages of co-processing
Ø Role of stakeholders to boost up co-processing
Ø Way Forward
CO-PROCESSING DEFINITION Co-processing is the use of waste as
(i) Raw material, (ii) Source of energy, or (iii) Both To a) Replace natural mineral resources b) Replace fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, gas Mainly in Cement, Lime, Steel, Glass, Power generation
(Energy Intensive Industries)
Waste materials used for co-processing are referred as AFR i.e. Alternative Fuel and Raw material
WHY CO-PROCESSING?
Ø Co-processing is accepted in Basel Convention
Ø In Montreal protocol for disposal of POPs Co-processing has been accepted as an environment friendly technology
Ø Waste co-processing is widely accepted and very successful in countries like Germany, Norway, Austria etc.
Ø CPCB organized workshop with SINTEF - GPCB took initiatives and is now a frontrunner in co-processing in India
Ø Co-processing is added as preferential mechanism over waste disposal in Hazardous & Other Waste (M&TM) Rules 2016
Ø The approval process for co-processing of hazardous waste is put-up on emission norms basis rather than on trial basis
Ø Emission Standards for co-processing are notified by MoEFCC 6
Background of Co-processing
A proactive approach,
i. Facilitator instead of merely a regulator
ii. Team work and collaboration with stakeholders instead of “Command and Control”
iii. Micro level initiatives e.g. Execution of Project “Know your waste”
iv. Provided category wise list to all Regional offices followed by Region-wise awareness programmes
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GPCB’S APPROACH
STRATEGY ADOPTED TO PROMOTE CO-PROCESSING
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INITIATIVES BY GPCB Ø One to one meeting with cement plants & waste generators
Ø Meetings with Urban local bodies to enhance the rate of co-processing
of MSW
Ø Monthly Review at MS & Chairman level
Ø Encourage pre-processing facilities in each industrial clusters
Ø Identification of waste disposal problems of clusters
Ø Availability of Waste Characterization report
Ø A web based portal (XGN) has been developed for identifying suitable
waste for co-processing to the cement industry – WASTE EXCHANGE
PLATFORM
Ø Online tracking system for the movement of hazardous and other wastes
IMPORTANT PARTNERS OF CO-PROCESSING
(A) Cement Mills :
1.Ambuja Cement Ltd – Gir Somnath
2.Ultratech Cement Ltd – Kovaya Works
3.Ultratech Cement Ltd – Jafrabad Works
4.Ultratech Cement Ltd – Sevagram, Kutch
5.Gujarat Sidhee Cement Ltd – Junagadh
6.Sanghi Industries Ltd – Kutch
7.Shree Digvijay Cement Co. Ltd – Jamnagar
8.Saurashtra Cement Ltd – Porbandar
9. Hi- Bond Cement Ltd. – Rajkot
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(B) Preprocessing Facility : 1. Ambuja Cement Ltd – Gir Somnath
(Capacity : 1,50,000 MTPA). 2. Recycling Solutions Pvt. Ltd.(RSPL),
Panoli (Capacity :29200 MTPA).
3. Bharuch Enviro Infrastructure Ltd (BEIL)., Ankleshwar
(Capacity : 16000 MTPA) 4. Nandesari Environmental Control
Limited (NECL), Vadodara (Capacity : 18000 MTPA) 5. Saurashtra Enviro Projects Pvt Ltd,
Kutch (Capacity: 36000 MTPA) 6. NEPRA, Ahmedabad
PRE-PROCESSING FACILITY • Pre-processing facility is a battlefield for the co-processing • Provides platform to prepare waste mix liquid/ solid from
various wastes generated in industries that can be use for co-processing.
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PRE-PROCESSINGFACILITY
Grab Crane Closed Conveyor
Arm Handler Impregnation shredder
PRE-PROCESSINGFACILITY
TOTAL WASTE CO-PROCESSED : 2009-10 TO 2018-19
Yearwise status is from April to March. In 2018-19,data upto October, 2018 14
15693 22345 171604 181220
549424
2823305
3815050 4178530 4433559
2288802
18479532
0
2000000
4000000
6000000
8000000
10000000
12000000
14000000
16000000
18000000
20000000
2009-'10 2010-'11 2011-'12 2012-'13 2013-'14 2014-'15 2015-'16 2016-'17 2017-'18 2018-19*(Sept) Total
Total Waste Co-processed (MT)
2009-18
* SRS Data Yearwise status is from April to March. In 2018-19,data upto October, 2018 15
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
400000
2009-'10 2010-'11 2011-'12 2012-'13 2013-'14 2014-'15 2015-'16 2016-'17 2017-18 2018-19 (Sept)
Total
0 0 515
29,716 51,687
31,990
52,747
94,148 79,432
40,574
3,80,810
Total Plastic Waste Co-processed (MT)
INNOVATIONS IN APPROACHES AND PRACTICES - NOVEL SPENT ACID MANAGEMENT
Untreated / partially treated
spent acid disposal
Till mid / late 90s
Contaminted Gypsum Sludge for Disposal in
TSDF
Upto 2014
Gypsum Sludge into
Cement Industries
as Raw Material
@ 4.5 Lakh Tonnes
2014 onwards
Acid transporte
d to Cement Plants
(where the limestone
is…) @35000 Tonnes
2016
onwards
* SRS Data Yearwise status is from April to March. In 2018-19,data upto October, 2018 17
0
2000000
4000000
6000000
8000000
10000000
12000000
14000000
16000000
18000000
20000000
Alternate Raw Material
Alternate Fuel Total (MT)
13899494
4578905
18478399.00
Total Waste Co-processed (MT)
From 2009 to Sept-18*
Ø Mindset tuned to conventional practices
Ø Small quantity of hazardous waste in Small and Medium Enterprises
Ø Source Segregation of Municipal Solid Waste - Economic non-viability for
utilization of RDF in Cement Kilns
Ø Variation in wastes characteristics leads to frequent change in operational
parameters & blend ratio
Ø Limitation on chloride & fluoride contents in wastes – otherwise corrosion in
cement kiln & stacks
Ø Installation of adequate feeding system for different wastes
Ø Health aspect of workers
Ø Legal permits and hassle free transport of wastes 18
CHALLENGES
Reduces demand of natural resources - Promotes circular economy
Contributes towards lowering of emissions such as greenhouse gases
Reduced requirement of land for landfill sites
Maximizes the recovery of resources present in the waste
Reduces the economic burden on the industry – Economic way of waste disposal. Win-win for generators & users of wastes
Savings in foreign exchange – India imports energy in form of coal, gas, crude oil, etc
Reduces the Health hazard associated with disposal of Hazardous waste by other pathways i.e. land disposal & incineration of the hazardous waste
ADVANTAGES OF CO-PROCESSING
WHAT IS WASTE?
Waste is : resource at a wrong place OR material which will be useful in future
A. Cement Industries : Ø Develop pre-processing facilities or tie up with pre-processing facility Ø More focus on small quantity, low CV waste of Small and Medium Enterprises as
micro level initiatives Ø Explore co-processing of non-conventional fuel like MSW, RDF etc.
B. Waste Generators : Ø Industry shall explore waste coprocessing over incineration as per Waste
Management Hierarchy Ø Waste from small and medium industries shall be diverted into cement industries
through association or common platform Ø e.g. In Ankleshwer- many small/medium scale solvent recovery units have
successfully diverted their distillation residue collectively at cement industries by developing association of solvent distillation units
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RoleofStakeholders
C. Role of SPCBs :
Ø To work as facilitator
Ø Behave more like Doctors than merely like Police
Ø To fix up the target and prepare a road map for increased TSR
Ø Robust Inventory of waste generation
Ø Waste characterization based on quality and quantity
Ø Awareness programs including projects like “Know Your Waste”
Ø To encourage pre-processing facilities
Ø Road map to eliminate disposal through incineration & landfills 22
RoleofStakeholders
KNOW YOUR WASTE Ø Know your waste is concept initiated by GPCB as a micro level
initiative to divert small scale low volume industrials wastes to Co-processing
Ø Objectives of the Know Your Waste: i. Identification of the waste suitable for co-processing ii. Inventory of Waste based on quality iii. Integration with modern laboratory of the GPCB for testing of
wastes iv. Testing of parameters relevant to co-processing i.e. GCV, NCV,
Chloride, Moisture, Heavy metals, TOC etc. v. Industries generating more than 10 TPA waste will be covered
WAY FORWARD
Way Forward
Ø Central repository of waste data – sharing them online
Ø Waste exchange / buyer seller platform
Ø To encourage the pre-processing facilities in hazardous waste generating
industrial clusters & also in cement plants
Ø Adequate Online Tracking system for HAZ-Waste at national level
Ø Technology to monitor online, all emission parameters – protocols & framework
Ø Encouraging segregation of MSW for co-processing for preparation of RDF
Ø Waste exchange Banks / Collection Centers to provide information on wastes
Ø To identify new sectors and their waste generators to link up with cement
industries
Ø Smooth permit systems by SPCBs
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