Coal Liquefaction

Muhammad Farras Wibisono/13012030

Coal Liquefaction Chemistry

Type of Coal

•Combined with hydrogen gas and a catalyst•Brown Coal Liquefaction or NEDOLDirect•Involves first gasifying coal, followed by reacting syngas•Methanol-to-Gasoline or Fischer-TropschIndirect•Trichoderma sp.•Not available commercially

Biosolubilization

Direct Liquefaction

Indirect Liquefaction

Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages

Low transportation cost

Less chemical transformation required

Higher efficiency

Easy to store

Disadvantages

High temperature and pressure

Very expensive, high front end capital cost

Water intensive

Product hard to refine

Global Usage

Sasol – South Africa150,000 barrels/day

(Fischer-Tropsch)

Shenhua – ChinaDirect and Indirect

Liquefaction

Germany – World War II

Fischer-Tropsch156,000,000 barrels/year

Application in Indonesia

Low-rank coal, high S

Consortium Indonesian-

Japan

Brown Coal Liquefaction

13,500 barrels/day $1,3 billions

Brown Coal Liquefaction