coal
DESCRIPTION
coal handling plantTRANSCRIPT
7/17/2019 Coal
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/coal563db868550346aa9a936cf4 1/23
7/17/2019 Coal
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/coal563db868550346aa9a936cf4 2/23
COAL IS GOOOOOD!!!!!
GOOD
GOOD
GOOD
GOOD
GOOD
GOOD
GOODCOAL
COAL
COAL
COAL
COAL
COAL
COAL
COAL
GOOD
7/17/2019 Coal
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/coal563db868550346aa9a936cf4 3/23
7/17/2019 Coal
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/coal563db868550346aa9a936cf4 4/23
COAL IS GOOOOOD!!!!!
7/17/2019 Coal
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/coal563db868550346aa9a936cf4 5/23
Coal was discovered in eastern north America in the 18th century. We needed to fuel steam engines, and coal was areadily availale fuel. !uel was urned to create steam to turna turine. "oday #$% of &.'. electricity comes from coal. Wehave ($$ years) worth of coal*
7/17/2019 Coal
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/coal563db868550346aa9a936cf4 6/23
COAL IS GOOOOOD!!!!!
7/17/2019 Coal
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/coal563db868550346aa9a936cf4 7/23
Underground Mining
+oom and illar -ining rooms are cut into the coal ed leaving a
series of /illars or columns of coal to hel/ su//ort the mine roofand control the flow of air. "he miners advance while cutting out/illars. Once they reach the edge of the mine, they wor0ac0wards in what)s called retreat mining.2
Long Wall -ining hydraulic roof su//orts are used while a cutting
head goes ac0 and forth along the coal face. When the cuttinghead reaches one end of the coal face, it dum/s the coal onto aconveyor elt.
Surface Coal Mining
'urface mining occurs at e3/osed coal seams. 4t involves drilling
aove ground and lasting to remove overurden. After theoverurden is removed, the mined coal is harvested.
7/17/2019 Coal
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/coal563db868550346aa9a936cf4 8/23
Coal is /retty chea/. 4n 5$$6, the average /rice for a short ton ofcoal in the &.'. was 71.( 9although this does re/resent anincrease from the 5$$( /rice of 71:.8#;.
4t is estimated that there 5<# illion short tons of coal availale in the&nited 'tates to e mined.
-mmmmm,Coal. D)oh*
=nergy in coal>Lignite 1( million ?tu /er ton'uituminous 18 million ?tu /er ton?ituminous 56 million ?tu /er ton
Anthricite 5( million ?tu /er ton
7/17/2019 Coal
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/coal563db868550346aa9a936cf4 9/23
But… Coal is DIRTY!!!!!!
7/17/2019 Coal
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/coal563db868550346aa9a936cf4 10/23
"here are several negative e3ternalities attriuted to the comustion ofcoal, including>@ sulfer and acid rain,@ caron Dio3ide, and@ general destruction to the environment due to the actual coal mining.
A #$$ megawatt coal /ower /lant will /roduce 1$,$$$ tons of
'ulfur dio3ide, 1$,5$$ tons of nitrogen dio3ide and (.: million"ons of caron dio3ide /er year.
ORBURD"
When mining, overurden2 is left over. -ining one ton of coal leaves5# tons of overurden. yrite is contained in overurden when /yrite
is e3/osed to water and air, it forms dangerous sustances li0e sulfuricacid and iron hydro3ide. When this mi3es with water, it forms acid limedrainage which is highly destructive to the environment. 'o sad .
7/17/2019 Coal
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/coal563db868550346aa9a936cf4 11/23
7/17/2019 Coal
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/coal563db868550346aa9a936cf4 12/23
COAL IS GOOOOOD!!!!!
7/17/2019 Coal
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/coal563db868550346aa9a936cf4 13/23
Coal gasification reduces green#ouse gas e$issions
%reall& lo' sulfur o(ide and nitrogen o(ide e$ission)*
Coal gasification is $uc# $ore efficient t#an nor$al
coal +urning
fficiencies ta+leCurrent nor$al, -./
Current gasification, 0./
1uture gasification, 2.34./
7/17/2019 Coal
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/coal563db868550346aa9a936cf4 14/23
"he &B is develo/ing underground coal gasification 9&CG;*
"his is a very clean method, as only gas is removed from theground, leaving all the overurden and ash underground.
7/17/2019 Coal
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/coal563db868550346aa9a936cf4 15/23
One must also rememer that gasified coal is notonly very clean, ut is a far more versatile fuel
than regular coal. "hin0 aout it> would you ratherfuel your car with lum/s of coal or gasified coal
7/17/2019 Coal
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/coal563db868550346aa9a936cf4 16/23
COAL IS GOOOOOD!!!!!
7/17/2019 Coal
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/coal563db868550346aa9a936cf4 17/23
ere are two of several ways> Direct, and 4ndirect
Direct liEuefaction involves the introduction of hydrogen gasand catalysts into finely crushed coal to /roduce synthetic crudeoil. Feed tem/eratures of 6($@6#$C and /ressures of #$ to 5#-A. ydrogen is needed to remove the o3ygen sulfur and
nitrogen. "he /roduct of direct liEuefaction must still e refinedto gasoline or diesel.
4ndirect liEuefaction first converted to gas through gasification."hen methanol synthesis is used to convert the coal gas intomethanol, then the methanol can either e directly converted to
gasoline, or it can e used as fuel in and of itself.
7/17/2019 Coal
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/coal563db868550346aa9a936cf4 18/23
COAL IS GOOOOOD!!!!!
7/17/2019 Coal
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/coal563db868550346aa9a936cf4 19/23
Dee5 ocean
Mines6lants %a7uatic and land)
7/17/2019 Coal
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/coal563db868550346aa9a936cf4 20/23
COAL IS GOOOOOD!!!!!
7/17/2019 Coal
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/coal563db868550346aa9a936cf4 21/23
!ly ash
Coal co0e
Advanced Comustion
Ca/tured y electrostatic /reci/itators.&sed to re/lace 1$%@($% of ortland cement.Can also e used as flowale fill2 to uild highways.&nfortunately, current rates of recycling fly ash is only (#%.
Advanced Comustion
Cole co0e is created from ituminous coal 9very dirty!! ;. "he
ituminous coal is /ut in to an airless co0e oven2 where it isheated to over 1,$$$C. "his removes much of its volatilecontent such as water, tar, and sulfur. Can e used forthings that reEuire clean coal.2
7/17/2019 Coal
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/coal563db868550346aa9a936cf4 22/23
7/17/2019 Coal
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/coal563db868550346aa9a936cf4 23/23