coalition vs comelec.doc

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G.R. Nos. 206844-45 July 23, 2013

COALITION OF ASSOCIATIONS OF SENIOR CITIZENS IN TE !ILI!!INES, INC. "SENIORCITIZENS !ART#-LIST$, %&'%&s&()&* +&%&( y )s C+%'&%so( (* F%s) No/(&&, FRANCISCO G.ATOL, J%.,Petitioner,vs.

COISSION ON ELECTIONS,Respondent.

x - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - x

G.R. No. 20682

COALITION OF ASSOCIATIONS OF SENIOR CITIZENS IN TE !ILI!!INES, INC. "SENIORCITIZENS$, %&'%&s&()&* y )s !%&s*&() (* I(u/&() R&'%&s&())& ( )+& ous& oR&'%&s&())&s, ATT#. GOOFREO . AR7IZA,Petitioner,vs.COISSION ON ELECTIONS,Respondent.

D E C I S I O N

LEONARO-E CASTRO, J.:

The present petitions were filed by the two rivl f!tions within the s"e prty-list or#ni$tion, theColition of %sso!itions of Senior Citi$ens in the Phil., In!. &SENIOR CITI'ENS( tht re now pryin# foressentilly the s"e reliefs fro" this Co)rt.

One #ro)p is heded by *odofredo +. %r)i$ &Rep. %r)i$(, the or#ni$tions in!)"bentrepresenttive in the o)se of Representtives. This #ro)p shll be hereinfter referred to s the %r)i$*ro)p. The other #ro)p is led by /rn!is!o *. Dtol, 0r., the or#ni$tions erstwhile third no"inee. This#ro)p shll be hereinfter referred to s the Dtol *ro)p.

*.R. Nos. 123455-56 is the Extre"ely +ery 7r#ent Petition for Certiorri &8ith Pryer for the /orthwithIss)n!e of 8rit of Preli"inry In9)n!tion nd Te"porry Restrinin# Order :TRO; ndfiled in the n"e of SENIOR CITI'ENS by /rn!is!o *. Dtol, 0r. /or brevity, weshll refer to this petition s the Dtol *ro)ps petition.

*.R. No. 123?41 is the +ery 7r#ent Petition for Certiorri &8ith %ppli!tion for Te"porry Restrinin#Order nd 8rit of Preli"inry In9)n!tion(1filed on behlf of SENIOR CITI'ENS by Rep. %r)i$. 8e shllrefer to this s the %r)i$ *ro)ps petition.

The bove petitions were filed p)rs)nt to R)le 35@in reltion to R)le 365of the R)les of Co)rt, bothssilin# the O"nib)s Resol)tion6dted Ay >2, 12>@ of the Co""ission on Ele!tions &COAEBEC( Enn! in SPP No. >1->6 &PBA( nd SPP No. >1->?> &PBA(. Sid Resol)tion dis)lified SENIORCITI'ENS fro" prti!iptin# in the Ay >@, 12>@ ele!tions nd ordered the !n!elltion of its re#istrtion

nd !!redittion s prty-list or#ni$tion.

TE %NTECEDENTS

On Ar!h >3, 122, the COAEBEC En n! !!redited SENIOR CITI'ENS s prty-list or#ni$tion in Resol)tion3iss)ed on even dte in SPP No. 23-213 &PB(.

SENIOR CITI'ENS prti!ipted in the Ay >5, 122 ele!tions. owever, the or#ni$tion filed to #et there)ired two per!ent &1( of the totl votes !st.Therefter, SENIOR CITI'ENS ws #rnted leve to
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intervene in the !se of rn#y %sso!ition for Ntionl %dvn!e"ent nd Trnspren!y &%N%T( v.Co""ission on Ele!tions.4In !!ordn!e with the pro!ed)re set forth in %N%T for the llo!tion ofdditionl sets )nder the prty-list syste", SENIOR CITI'ENS ws llo!ted one set in Con#ress.Rep. %r)i$, then the or#ni$tions first no"inee, served s "e"ber of the o)se ofRepresenttives.

S)bse)ently, SENIOR CITI'ENS ws llowed to prti!ipte in the Ay >2, 12>2 ele!tions.

On Ay 6, 12>2, the no"inees of SENIOR CITI'ENS si#ned n #ree"ent, entitled Irrevo!bleCovennt, the relevnt ter"s of whi!h we )oteF

IRRE+OC%BE CO+EN%NT

GNO8 %BB AEN H TESE PRESENT

8e, in representtion of o)r respe!tive personl !p!ity, hereby !ovennt nd #ree s followsF

%RTICBE I

P%RTIES %ND PERSONS

>. %TTH. *ODO/REDO +. %R=7I'%, of le#l #e, "rried, /ilipino, nd residin# t>44> C.A. Re!to %ven)e, S"plo!, Anil, nd representin# the Senior Citi$ensPrty-list in "y !p!ity s President with o)r *enerl ed)rters t Roo" 5258est Trde Center, >@1 8est %ven)e, hereinfter referred to s the /IRST P%RTH

1. %TTH. D%+ID B. GO, of le#l #e, "rried, /ilipino, nd residin# t @6 =)e$on%ven)e, =)e$on City, hereinfter referred to s the SECOND P%RTH

@. /R%NCISCO *. D%TOB, 0R., of le#l #e, "rried, /ilipino, nd residin# t NorthOly"p)s lJ., @, Bot >6 Ph5 *rie# St., Novli!hes, =)e$on City, hereinfter referred

to s the TIRD P%RTH

5. REAEDIOS D. %R=7I'%, of le#l #e, "rried, /ilipino, nd residin# t >44>C.A. Re!to %ven)e, S"plo!, Anil, hereinfter referred to s the /O7RTP%RTH

6. BIND% *%DDI D%+ID, of le#l #e, "rried, /ilipino, nd residin# t >62 Don/rn!is!o, St. /rn!is +il., Sn /ernndo, P"pn# City &si!( hereinfter referredto s the /I/T P%RTH

x x x x

%RTICBE IIITE BIST O/ C%NDID%TES

8e #ree tht offi!il !ndidtes of the SENIOR CITI'ENS P%RTH-BIST nd in the followin# ordershll beF

N"e CTC No. Iss)ed t Iss)ed on

>. *odofredo +. %r)i$ S.C.I.D.K13>6163 Anil 25-21-25
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1. Dvid B. Gho >34@3>?1 =)e$on City 2@->6-2?

@. /rn!is!o *. Dtol, 0r. 13@@>? =)e$on City 21->2->2

5. Re"edios D. %r)i$ S.C.I.D.K623?3 =)e$on City 2>-21-2

6. Bind *ddi Dvid CCI122? >1@233?? P"pn# 2>-25->2

%RTICBE I+S%RIN* O/ PO8ER

The No"inees #reed nd pled#ed on their le#l nd personl honor nd interest s well s thele#l privile#es nd ri#hts of the respe!tive prty-list offi!es, )nder the followin# !ir!)"stn!es ndeventsF

EBECTION RES7BTS

8here only ONE &>( !ndidte )lifies nd is pro!li"ed, then No. > shll ss)"e the Offi!e ofPrty-list Representtive in CON*RESS fro" 0)ly >, 12>2 to 0)ne @2, 12>1 nd shll relin)ish hisset in Con#ress by the proper nd le#l !ts nd No. 1 shll ss)"e sid set fro" 0)ly >, 12>1 to0)ne @2, 12>@

In the event T8O &1( !ndidtes )lify nd re pro!li"ed, then, No. > shll serve for three &@(yers, nd No. 1 nd No. @ will e!h serve for one-nd--hlf yers.

In the event TREE &@( !ndidtes )lify nd re pro!li"ed, then No. > shll serve for threeyers No. 1 will serve for two &1( yers nd fterwrds shll relin)ish the se!ond set to No. 5no"inee, who will then serve for one &>( yer No. @ will o!!)py the third set for two &1( yers ndfterwrds shll relin)ish sid set on the third yer to No"inee 6, who will serve for the re"inin#one &>( yer.

In /ineF

If only one &>( set is wonNo. > no"inee L 1 yersNo. 1 no"inee L > yer

If two &1( sets re wonNo. > no"inee L @ yersNo. 1 no"inee L >M yersNo. @ no"inee L >M yers

If three &@( sets re wonF

No. > no"inee L @ yersNo. 1 no"inee L 1 yersNo. @ no"inee L 1 yersNo. 5 no"inee L > yerNo. 6 no"inee L > yer

%ll be#innin# 0)ly >, 12>2

S%RIN* O/ RI*TSENE/ITS %ND PRI+IBE*ES

Tht servin# in!)"bent Con#ress Representtive in the event one or "ore is ele!ted nd )lifiedshll observe proper shrin# of !ertin benefits by virt)e of his position s s)!h, to in!l)de "on#others, ppoint"ent of persons in his offi!e, pro9e!ts whi!h "y redo)nd to the benefits ndprivile#es tht "y be possible )nder the lw.


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The bove "entioned prties shll oversee the i"ple"enttion of this CO+EN%NT.

IN 8ITNESS 8EREO/, the prties hereto hve set their hnds this A%H 26 12>2 in =7E'ONCITH.

&Si#ned(*odofredo +. %r)i$

S.C.I.D. K13>6163 Iss. t Anilon 25-21-25

&Si#ned(Dvid B. Gho

CTCK>34@3>?1 Iss. t=)e$on City on 2@->6-2?

&Si#ned(

/rn!is!o *. Dtol, 0r.CTCK>34@3>?1 Iss. t

=)e$on City on 2@->6-2?

&Si#ned(

Re"edios D. %r)i$S.C.I.D.K623?3 Iss. t

=)e$on City on 2>-21-2

&Si#ned(

Bind *ddi DvidCTCKCCI122? >1@233?? Iss. t

Sn /ernndo, P"pn# on 2>-25->2?

%fter the !ond)!t of the Ay >2, 12>2 ele!tions, SENIOR CITI'ENS rnJed se!ond "on# ll theprty-list !ndidtes nd ws llo!ted two sets in the o)se of Representtives. The first setws o!!)pied by its first no"inee, Rep. %r)i$, while the se!ond ws #iven to its se!ond no"inee,Dvid B. Gho &Rep. Gho(.

The split "on# the rnJs of SENIOR CITI'ENS !"e bo)t not lon# fter. %!!ordin# to the Dtol*ro)ps petition, the "e"bers of SENIOR CITI'ENS held ntionl !onvention on Nove"ber 1,

12>2 in order to ddress the )nf)lfilled !o""it"ent of Rep. %r)i$ to his !onstit)ents.>2/)rther, new set of offi!ers nd "e"bers of the ord of Tr)stees of the or#ni$tion were lle#edly ele!tedd)rin# the sid !onvention. SENIOR CITI'ENS third no"inee, /rn!is!o *. Dtol, 0r., wss)pposedly ele!ted s the or#ni$tions Chir"n. Therefter, on Nove"ber @2, 12>2, in nopposite t)rn of events, Dtol ws expelled fro" SENIOR CITI'ENS by the ord of Tr)stees thtwere llied with Rep. %r)i$.>>

Then!eforth, the two f!tions of SENIOR CITI'ENS hd been en##ed in bitter rivlry s both#ro)ps, with their own sets of offi!ers, !li"ed ledership of the or#ni$tion.

The Resi#ntion of Rep. Gho

On De!e"ber >5, 12>>, Rep. %r)i$ infor"ed the offi!e of COAEBEC Chir"n Sixto S.rillntes, 0r. in letter>1dted De!e"ber 4, 12>> tht the se!ond no"inee of SENIOR CITI'ENS,Rep. Gho, hd tendered his resi#ntion, whi!h ws to tJe effe!t on De!e"ber @>, 12>>. The fo)rthno"inee, Re"edios D. %r)i$, ws to ss)"e the v!nt position in view of the previo)s exp)lsionfro" the or#ni$tion of the third no"inee, /rn!is!o *. Dtol, 0r.

The letter of Rep. %r)i$ ws lso !!o"pnied by petition>@dted De!e"ber >5, 12>> in then"e of SENIOR CITI'ENS. The petition pryed tht the !onfir"tion nd pprovl of therepl!e"ent of Con#ress"n Dvid B. Gho, in the person of the fo)rth no"inee, Re"edios D.
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%r)i$, d)e to the exp)lsion of the third no"inee, /rn!is!o *. Dtol, 0r., be iss)ed i""editely inorder to pve the wy of her ss)"ption into the offi!e.>5efore the COAEBEC, the petition wsdo!Jeted s E.A. No. >1-252.

%tt!hed to the petition ws the resi#ntion letter>6of Rep. Gho, whi!h ws ddressed to theSpeJer of the o)se of Representtives. The letter stted th)sF

TE ONORA9LE S!EA:ERo)se of RepresenttivesCo(;%&ssRep)bli! of the Philippines=)e$on City

SirF

I " hereby tenderin# "y irrevo!ble resi#ntion s Representtive of the Senior Citi$ens Prty-listin the o)se of Representtives, effe!tive De!e"ber @>, 12>> in the event tht only two &1( setsre won by o)r prty-list #ro)p nd will resi#n on 0)ne @2, 12>1 in !se three sets re won.

%s !onse)en!e thereof, the Colition of %sso!itions of Senior Citi$ens in the Philippines, In!.shll no"inte "y s)!!essor p)rs)nt to lw nd R)les on the "tter.

Plese !!ept "y estee" nd respe!t.

Tr)ly yo)rs,

&Si#ned(Rep. Dvid B. GhoPrty-list Con#ress"n

Copy f)rnishedFThe ord of Tr)steesCol)o( o Asso)o(s o S&(o% C)3

%!!ordin# to the Dtol *ro)p, Rep. Gho s)b"itted to the" letter dted De!e"ber @>, 12>>, notifyin#the" of his resi#ntion in this wiseF

De!e"ber @>, 12>>

CO%BITION O/ %SSOCI%TIONS O/SENIOR CITI'ENS IN TE PIBS., INC.R". 526, 5th /loor, 8TC )ildin#

>@1 8est %ven)e, =)e$on City

*entle"en6th Con#ress for personl reson lredy!onveyed to yo).

ThnJ yo) for the opport)nity to serve the Senior Citi$ens of o)r der !o)ntry.
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+ery tr)ly yo)rs,

&Si#ned(D%+ID B. GO>

In the interi", d)rin# the penden!y of E.A. No. >1-252, COAEBEC Resol)tion No. ?@33>4ws

pro")l#ted on /ebr)ry 1>, 12>1. Pertinently, Se!tion of R)le 5 thereof provided thtF

SEC. . Ter" shrin# of no"inees. /ilin# of v!n!y s res)lt of ter" shrin# #ree"ent "on#no"inees of winnin# prty-list #ro)ps1, 12>1, the ord of Tr)stees of SENIOR CITI'ENS tht were llied with Rep. %r)i$iss)ed ord Resol)tion No. 22@-12>1, whi!h pertinently stted th)sF

O%RD RESOB7TION NO. 22@-12>1Series of 12>1

% RESOB7TION REC%BBIN* TE %CCEPT%NCE O/ TE O%RD IN RESOB7TION NO. >>-

22>1 O/ TE RESI*N%TION O/ CON*RESSA%N D%+ID B. GO %ND %BBO8IN* IA TOCONTIN7E REPRESENTIN* TE SENIOR CITI'ENS P%RTH-BIST IN TE O7SE O/REPRESENT%TI+ES, %BBO8IN* IA TO CONTIN7E IS TERA %ND IAPOSIN* CERT%INCONDITIONS ON IA TO E PER/ORAED 8IT TE CO%BITION

8ERE%S, the se!ond no"inee, Con#ress"n Dvid B. Gho, tendered his resi#ntion srepresenttive of the Senior Citi$ens Prty-list effe!tive De!e"ber @>, 12>>, x x x

8ERE%S, the sid resi#ntion ws !!epted by the ord of Tr)stees in resol)tion si#ned)nni"o)sly, in view of the nt)re of his resi#ntion, nd in view of his deter"intion to resi#n ndret)rn to privte life, x x x

8ERE%S, fter ")!h delibertion nd !ons)lttion, the sid no"inee !hn#ed his "ind ndre)ested the ord of Tr)stees to re!onsider the !!eptn!e, for he lso re!onsidered hisresi#ntion, nd re)ested to !ontin)e his ter"

8ERE%S, in !onsidertion of ll f!tors ffe!tin# the prty-list nd in view of the forth!o"in#ele!tions, the ord opted to re!onsider the !!eptn!e, re!ll the s"e, nd llow Con#. Dvid B.Gho to !ontin)e his ter"

8ERE%S, the Colition, in re!llin# the !!eptn!e of the ord, is however i"posin# !ertin!onditions on Con#. Gho to be perfor"ed

NO8 TERE/ORE, E IT RESOB+ED, %S IT IS EREH RESOB+ED to re!ll the !!eptn!e of

the resi#ntion of Con#ress"n Dvid B. Gho in view of his re)est nd !hn#e of "ind, hen!ellow hi" to !ontin)e his ter" s)b9e!t to !onditions stted bove.>?

Therefter, on %pril >4, 12>1, the COAEBEC En n! !ond)!ted herin# on SENIOR CITI'ENSpetition in E.A. No. >1-252. %t the herin#, the !o)nsel for SENIOR CITI'ENS &%r)i$ *ro)p( d"ittedtht Rep. Ghos tender of resi#ntion ws "de p)rs)nt to the #ree"ent entered into by theor#ni$tions no"inees.12owever, sid !o)nsel lso stted tht the ord of Tr)stees of theor#ni$tion re!onsidered the !!eptn!e of Rep. Ghos resi#ntion nd the ltter ws, insted, to!o"plete his ter".1>%lso, fro" the trns!ript of the herin#, it ppers tht the %r)i$ *ro)p previo)sly
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"nifested tht it ws withdrwin# its petition, b)t the s"e ws opposed by the Dtol *ro)p nd wsnot !ted )pon by the COAEBEC.11

On 0)ne 1, 12>1, the COAEBEC En n! iss)ed Resol)tion1@in E.A. No. >1-252, dis"issin# thepetition of the SENIOR CITI'ENS &%r)i$ *ro)p(. The pertinent portions of the Resol)tion stted, th)sF

/irst, resi#ntion of Gho,p)rs)nt to the prty no"ineester"-shrin# #ree"ent, !nnotbe re!o#ni$ed nd be #iven effe!tso s to !rete v!n!y in thelist nd !hn#e the order of theno"inees.

7nder Se!tion 4 of Rep)bli! %!t No. ?5>, the withdrwl in writin# of the no"inee of his no"intion isone of the three &@( exe"ptions to the r)le tht no !hn#e of n"es or ltertion of the order ofno"inees shll be llowed fter the s"e shll hve been s)b"itted to the COAEBEC. 8hile we !n!onsider the resi#ntion of Rep. Gho s Jin to the withdrwl of his own no"intion, we re !onstrinedhowever NOT to re!o#ni$e s)!h resi#ntion b)t only in so fr s to !hn#e the order of petitioners

no"inees s s)b"itted to the Co""ission.

x x x x

Considerin# tht it is n d"itted f!t tht the resi#ntion of Rep. Gho ws "de by virt)e of prior#ree"ent of the prties, we resolve nd hereby r)le tht we !nnot re!o#ni$e s)!h rrn#e"ent nd!!ordin#ly we !nnot pprove the "ove"ent in the order of no"inees for bein# !ontrry to p)bli! poli!y.The ter" of offi!e of p)bli! offi!ils !nnot be "de s)b9e!t to ny #ree"ent of privte prties. P)bli!offi!e is not !o""odity tht !n be shred, pportioned or be "de s)b9e!t of ny privte #ree"ent.P)bli! offi!e is vested with p)bli! interest tht sho)ld not be reined by individ)l interest.

In f!t, to for"li$e the poli!y of disllowin# ter" shrin# #ree"ents "on# prty list no"inees, theCo""ission re!ently pro")l#ted Resol)tion No. ?@33, whi!h providesF

SEC. . Ter" shrin# of no"inees. /ilin# of v!n!y s res)lt of ter" shrin# #ree"ent "on#no"inees of winnin# prty-list #ro)ps !lerly deprived the prty-list or#ni$tion of
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8/23

the ri#ht to !hn#e its no"inees or to lter the order of no"inees on!e the list is s)b"itted to theCOAEBEC, ex!ept for three &@( en)"erted instn!es s)!h s whenF &( the no"inee dies &b( theno"inee withdrws in writin# his no"intion or &!( the no"inee be!o"es in!p!itted.

x x x x

Th)s, even if the exp)lsion of Dtol in the petitioner prty-list were tr)e, the list nd order of no"inees ofthe Senior Citi$ens prty-list re"ins the s"e in so fr s we re !on!erned s it does not fll )nderone of the three #ro)nds "entioned bove. Neither does it hve n )to"ti! effe!t on the or#ni$tionsrepresenttive in the o)se of Representtives, for on!e prty-list no"inee is ele!ted into offi!e ndbe!o"es "e"ber of the o)se, he is treted si"ilrly nd e)lly with the re#)lr distri!trepresenttives. %s s)!h, they !n only be expelled or s)spended )pon the !on!)rren!e of the two-thirdsof ll its Ae"bers nd never by "ere exp)lsion of prty-list or#ni$tion.

x x x x

8ERE/ORE, there bein# no v!n!y in the list of no"inees of the petitioner or#ni$tion, the instntpetition is hereby DISAISSED for l!J of "erit. The list nd order of no"inees of petitioner herebyre"ins the s"e s it ws s)b"itted to )s there bein# no le#lly re!o#ni$ble #ro)nd to !)se ny

!hn#es theret.15&Cittion o"itted.(

The Dtol *ro)p filed % +ery 7r#ent Aotion for Re!onsidertion16of the bove resol)tion, b)t the s"ere"ined )nresolved.

The Review of SENIOR CITI'ENS Re#istrtion

Aenwhile, the Dtol *ro)p nd the %r)i$ *ro)p filed their respe!tive Anifesttions of Intent toPrti!ipte in the Prty-list Syste" of Representtion in the Ay >@, 12>@ Ele!tions )nder the n"e ofSENIOR CITI'ENS.13The Anifesttion of the Dtol *ro)p ws do!Jeted s SPP

No. >1->6 &PBA(, while tht of the %r)i$ *ro)p ws do!Jeted s SPP No. >1->?> &PBA(.

On %)#)st 1, 12>1, the COAEBEC iss)ed Resol)tion No. ?6>@,1whi!h, inter li, set for s)""ryevidentiry herin#s by the COAEBEC En n! the review of the re#istrtion of existin# prty-listor#ni$tions, whi!h hve filed their Anifesttions of Intent to Prti!ipte in the Prty-list Syste" ofRepresenttion in the Ay >@, 12>@ Ele!tions.

The two f!tions of SENIOR CITI'ENS ppered before the COAEBEC En n! on %)#)st 15, 12>1 ndthey both s)b"itted their respe!tive eviden!e, whi!h estblished their !ontin)in# !o"plin!e with there)ire"ents of !!redittion s prty-list or#ni$tion.14

On De!e"ber 5, 12>1, the COAEBEC En n! iss)ed Resol)tion1?in SPP Nos. >1->6 &PBA( nd >1->?> &PBA(. y vote of 5-@, the COAEBEC En n! ordered the !n!elltion of the re#istrtion ofSENIOR CITI'ENS. The resol)tion explined thtF

It shll be re!lled tht on 0)ne 1, 12>1, this Co""ission pro")l#ted its resol)tion in petition thtinvolved SENIOR CITI'ENS titled In ReF Petition for Confir"tion of Repl!e"ent of Resi#ned PrtyBistNo"inee nd do!Jeted s EA No. >1-252. In the pro!ess of resolvin# the iss)es of sid !se, thisCo""ission fo)nd tht SENIOR CITI'ENS no"inees spe!ifi!lly no"inees Dvid B. Gho nd /rn!is!o*. Dtol, 0r. hve entered into ter"-shrin# #ree"ent. x x x.
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9/23

No"inee Dvid Ghos ter" s prty-list !on#ress"n is three &@( yers whi!h strts on 0)ne @2, 12>2nd to end on 0)ne @2, 12>@ s dire!ted no less thn by the Constit)tion of the Philippines. Se!tion ,

%rti!le +I of the >?4 Constit)tion sttesF

Se!. . The Ae"bers of the o)se of Representtives shll be ele!ted for ter" of three yers whi!hshll be#in, )nless otherwise provided by lw, t noon on the thirtieth dy of 0)ne next followin# their

ele!tion.

)t followin# the ter"-shrin# #ree"ent entered into by SENIOR CITI'ENS, Dvid Ghos ter" strts on0)ne @2, 12>2 nd ends on De!e"ber @>, 12>>, the dte of effe!tivity of Ghos resi#ntion. y virt)e ofthe ter"-shrin# #ree"ent, the ter" of Gho s "e"ber of the o)se of Representtives is !)t short toone yer nd six "onths whi!h is "erely hlf of the three-yer ter". This is totlly opposed to thepres!ription of the Constit)tion on the ter" of Ae"ber of the o)se of Representtives. en!e, when!onfronted with this iss)e on ter" shrin# done by SENIOR CITI'ENS, this Co""ission "de !te#ori!l prono)n!e"ent tht s)!h ter"-shrin# #ree"ent ")st be re9e!ted.

x x x x

/ro" the fore#oin#, SENIOR CITI'ENS filed to !o"ply with Se!tion , %rti!le +I of the >?4 Constit)tion

nd Se!tion , R)le 5 of Co"ele! Resol)tion No. ?@33. This fil)re is #ro)nd for !n!elltion ofre#istrtion )nder Se!tion 3 of Rep)bli! %!t No. ?5> whi!h sttesF

Se!tion 3. Ref)sl nd@,12>@ prty-list ele!tions. Event)lly, both petitions were !onsolidted with the petition in %ton# P#l)",In!. v. Co""ission on Ele!tions, whi!h ws do!Jeted s *.R. No. 12@33.

On %pril 1, 12>@, the Co)rt pro")l#ted its De!ision in %ton# P#l)", whi!h ordered the re"nd to theCOAEBEC of the petitions tht hve been #rnted "ndtory in9)n!tions to in!l)de the n"es of thepetitioners in the printin# of bllots. /ollowin# the pr"eters set forth in the Co)rts De!ision, theCOAEBEC ws to deter"ine whether sid petitioners, whi!h in!l)ded the two f!tions of SENIORCITI'ENS, were )lified to re#ister )nder the prty-list syste" nd to prti!ipte in the Ay >@, 12>@ele!tions. /or this p)rpose, the Co)rt stted tht the COAEBEC "y !ond)!t s)""ry evidentiryherin#s.


10/23

Therefter, on Ay >2, 12>@, the COAEBEC En n! rendered the ssiled O"nib)s Resol)tion in SPPNos. >1->6 &PBA( nd >1->?> &PBA(, r)lin# in this wiseF

*)ided by these six new pr"eters :en)n!ited by the Co)rt in %ton# P#l)", In!. v. Co""ission onEle!tions;, s well s the provisions of the Constit)tion, Rep)bli! %!t No. ?5> &R.%. No. ?5>( or thePrty-Bist Syste" %!t, nd other pertinent ele!tion lws, nd fter !ref)l nd exh)stive reevl)tion

of the do!)"ents s)b"itted by the petitioners per their !o"plin!e with Resol)tion No. ?6>@ &Res. No.?6>@(, the Co""ission En n! RESOB+ES s followsF

I. SPP Nos. >1->6 &PBA( Q >1->?> &PBA( SENIOR CITI'ENS

To DENH the Anifesttions of Intent to Prti!ipte, nd to C%NCEB the re#istrtion nd !!redittion, ofpetitioner Senior Citi$ens, for violtin# lws, r)les, nd re#)ltions reltin# to ele!tions p)rs)nt toSe!tion 3 &6( of R.%. No. ?5>.

The Co""ission En n! finds no !o#ent reson to reverse its erlier findin# in the Resol)tion for SPPNos. >1->6 &PBA( Q >1->?> &PBA( pro")l#ted on 25 De!e"ber 12>1, in reltion to the Resol)tion forE.A. No. >1-252 pro")l#ted on 1 0)ne 12>1. The sole #ro)nd for whi!h the petitioner Senior Citi$ensws dis)lified ws be!)se of the ter"-shrin# #ree"ent between its no"inees, whi!h the

Co""ission En n! fo)nd to be !ontrry to p)bli! poli!y. It will be noted tht this #ro)nd is independentof the six pr"eters in %ton# P#l)", nd there is nothin# in the do!trine en)n!ited in tht !se whi!hwill bsolve the petitioner Senior Citi$en of wht, to the Co""ission En n!, is !ler bstrdi$tion ofthe ter" of offi!e fixed by Se!tion , %rti!le +I of the Constit)tion s i"ple"ented by Se!tion >5 of R.%.No. ?5>, whi!h expressly provides tht Ae"bers of the o)se of Representtives, in!l)din# prty-listrepresenttives, shll be ele!ted for ter" of three yers. % ter", in the le#l sense, is fixed nddefinite period of ti"e d)rin# whi!h n offi!er "y !li" to hold offi!e s "tter of ri#ht, fixed intervlfter whi!h the severl in!)"bents s)!!eed one nother. Th)s, servi!e of the ter" is for the entire periodit !nnot be broJen down to !!o""odte those who re not entitled to hold the offi!e.

Tht the ter"-shrin# #ree"ent ws "de in 12>2, while the expression of the poli!y prohibitin# it wspro")l#ted only in 12>1 vi Se!tion , R)le 5 of Resol)tion No. ?@33 &Res. No. ?@33(, is of no"o"ent. %s it ws in 12>2 s it is now, s it ws in >?4 when the Constit)tion ws rtified nd s it ws

in >??6 when R.%. No. ?5> ws en!ted into lw, the #ree"ent ws nd is !ontrry to p)bli! poli!ybe!)se it s)b9e!ts Constit)tionlly-ordined fixed ter" to hold p)bli! ele!tive offi!e to !ontr!t)lbr#inin# nd ne#otition, nd trets the s"e s tho)#h it were nothin# "ore thn !ontr!t)l!l)se, n ob9e!t in the ordinry !o)rse of the !o""er!e of "en. To !!ept this defense will not onlyopen the flood#tes to )ns!r)p)lo)s individ)ls, b)t "ore i"portntly it will render in)tile Se!tion >3 ofR.%. No. ?5> whi!h pres!ribes the pro!ed)re to be tJen to fill v!n!y in the vilble sets for prty-list #ro)p or or#ni$tion. /or this "istJe, the petitioner Senior Citi$ens !nnot hide behind the veilof !orporte fi!tion be!)se the !orporte veil !n be pier!ed if ne!essry to !hieve the ends of 9)sti!eor e)ity, s)!h s when it is )sed to defet p)bli! !onvenien!e, 9)stify wron#, or prote!t fr)d. It f)rther!nnot invoJe the prohibition in the en!t"ent of ex post f!to lws )nder Se!tion 11, %rti!le III of theConstit)tion be!)se the #)rntee only the retrospe!tivity of penl lws nd definitely, Reso. No. ?@33 isnot penl in !hr!ter.

/ro" the fore#oin#, the !n!elltion of the re#istrtion nd !!redittion of the petitioner Senior Citi$ensis therefore in order, nd !onse)ently, the two Anifesttions of Intent to Prti!ipte filed with theCo""ission sho)ld be denied.

x x x x

8ERE/ORE, the Co""ission En n! RESOB+ESF


11/23

%. To DENH the Anifesttions of Intent to Prti!ipte, nd C%NCEB the re#istrtion nd !!redittion, ofthe followin# prties, #ro)ps, or or#ni$tionsF

&>( SPP No. >1->6 &PBA( Q SPP No. >1->?> &PBA( Colition of %sso!itions of Senior Citi$ens in thePhilippines, In!.

x x x x

%!!ordin#ly, the fore#oin# shll be REAO+ED fro" the re#istry of prty-list #ro)ps nd or#ni$tions ofthe Co""ission, nd shll NOT E %BBO8ED to P%RTICIP%TE s !ndidte for the Prty-BistSyste" of Representtion for the >@ Ay 12>@ Ele!tions nd s)bse)ent ele!tions therefter.@2&Cittionso"itted.(

On Ay >@, 12>@, the ele!tions pro!eeded. Despite the erlier de!lrtion of its dis)lifi!tion, SENIORCITI'ENS still obtined 3,351 votes.

=)estionin# the !n!elltion of SENIOR CITI'ENS re#istrtion nd its dis)lifi!tion to prti!ipte inthe Ay >@, 12>@ ele!tions, the Dtol *ro)p nd the %r)i$ *ro)p filed the instnt petitions.

On Ay >6, 12>@, the Dtol *ro)p filed +ery17r#ent Aotion to Reiterte Iss)n!e of Te"porryRestrinin# Order ndlle#in# tht the COAEBEC hd ordered the stopp#eof the !o)ntin# of votes of the dis)lified prty-list #ro)ps. The Dtol *ro)p )r#ed the Co)rt to iss)e TRO nd@, the COAEBEC En n! iss)ed Resol)tion,@1whi!h !onsidered s finlnd exe!)tory its Ay >2, 12>@ Resol)tion tht !n!elled the re#istrtion of SENIOR CITI'ENS. On evendte, the COAEBEC En n!, sittin# s the Ntionl ord of Cnvssers &NOC(, pro")l#ted NOCResol)tion No. 2223->@,@@pro!li"in# fo)rteen &>5( prty-list or#ni$tions s initil winners in the prty-list ele!tions of Ay >@, 12>@.

The %r)i$ *ro)p filed on Ay 1, 12>@ S)pple"ent to the +ery 7r#ent Petition for Certiorri,@5lso

reitertin# its ppli!tion for TROnd writ of preli"inry in9)n!tion.

On Ay 14, 12>@, the COAEBEC En n! iss)ed NOC Resol)tion No. 2224->@,@6whi!h prtillypro!li"ed the winnin# prty-list or#ni$tions tht filled )p totl of fifty-three &6@( o)t of the vilblefifty-ei#ht &64( sets for prty-list or#ni$tions.

On Ay 1?, 12>@, the Chief 0)sti!e iss)ed TRO,@3whi!h ordered the COAEBEC to s)b"it Co""enton the instnt petitions nd to !ese nd desist fro" f)rther pro!li"in# the winners fro" "on# theprty-list !ndidtes in the Ay >@, 12>@ ele!tions.

On 0)ne @, 12>@, the Dtol *ro)p filed Aost 7r#ent Aotion for Iss)n!e of n Order Dire!tin#Respondent to Pro!li" Petitioner Pendente Bite.@

In Resol)tion@4dted 0)ne 6, 12>@, the Co)rt iss)ed n order, whi!h dire!ted the COAEBEC to refrinfro" i"ple"entin# the ssiled O"nib)s Resol)tion dted Ay >2, 12>@ in SPP No. >1->6 &PBA( ndSPP No. >1->?> &PBA(, insofr s SENIOR CITI'ENS ws !on!erned nd to observe the stt)s )o ntebefore the iss)n!e of the ssiled COAEBEC resol)tion. The Co)rt liJewise ordered the COAEBEC toreserve the set&s( intended for SENIOR CITI'ENS, in !!ordn!e with the n)"ber of votes it #rneredin the Ay >@, 12>@ Ele!tions. The Co)rt, however, dire!ted the COAEBEC to hold in beyn!e thepro!l"tion insofr s SENIOR CITI'ENS is !on!erned )ntil the instnt petitions re de!ided. The Aost7r#ent Aotion for Iss)n!e of n Order Dire!tin# Respondent to Pro!li" Petitioner Pendente Bite filedby the Dtol *ro)p ws denied for l!J of "erit.
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12/23

On 0)ne , 12>@, the COAEBEC, thro)#h the Offi!e of the Soli!itor *enerl &OS*(, filed Co""ent@?onthe instnt petitions. In Resol)tion52dted 0)ne >2, 12>@, the Co)rt re)ired the prties to s)b"it theirrespe!tive "e"ornd. On 0)ne >?, 12>@, the %r)i$ *ro)p filed its Reply5>to the Co""ent of theCOAEBEC. S)bse)ently, the Dtol *ro)p nd the %r)i$ *ro)p filed their seprte "e"ornd.51Onthe other hnd, the OS* "nifested5@tht it ws doptin# its Co""ent s its "e"ornd)" in the instnt!se.

TE ISS7ES

The Dtol *ro)ps "e"ornd)" rised the followin# iss)es for o)r !onsidertionF

I+. ST%TEAENT O/ TE ISS7ES

5.>

8ETER OR NOT RESPONDENT COAEBEC COAAITTED *R%+E %7SE O/ DISCRETION%AO7NTIN* TO B%CG OR ECESS O/ 07RISDICTION 8EN IT %DDED %NOTER *RO7ND&+IOB%TION O/ P7BIC POBICH( /OR C%NCEBB%TION O/ RE*ISTR%TION O/ % P%RTHBIST

*RO7P %S PRO+IDED 7NDER SECTION 3, REP7BIC %CT NO. ?5>.

5.1

8ETER OR NOT RESPONDENT COAEBEC COAAITTED *R%+E %7SE O/ DISCRETION%AO7NTIN* TO B%CG OR ECESS O/ 07RISDICTION 8EN IT C%NCEBBED PETITIONERSCERTI/IC%TE O/ RE*ISTR%TION( The Co"ele! En n! Resol)tion of Ay >2, 12>@ ws iss)ed p)rs)nt to thedire!tive of the S)pre"e Co)rt in %ton# P#l)". Therefore, the S7SIDI%RHISS7ES risin# therefro" reF
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13/23

. %re there #)idelines pres!ribed in %ton# P#l)" to be followed byrespondent Co"ele! in deter"inin# whi!h prtylist #ro)ps re )lified toprti!ipte in prty-list ele!tions

b. If there re these #)idelines to be followed, were these dhered to byrespondent Co"ele!

&1( Is the #ro)nd -- the Ter"-Shrin# %#ree"ent between Senior Citi$ens no"inees-- le#l #ro)nd to !n!el Senior Citi$ens Certifi!te of Re#istrtion

5.1. 8hether or not COAEBEC EN %NC RESOB7TION of A%H 15, 12>@ is invlid forbein# !ontrry to lw nd hvin# been iss)ed witho)t or in ex!ess of 9)risdi!tion or in #rveb)se of dis!retion "o)ntin# to l!J of 9)risdi!tion

&>( The S7SIDI%RH ISS7ES reF

. Is the f!t)l bsis thereof vlid

b. s the Co"ele! En n! Resol)tion of Ay 12, 12>@, in f!t, be!o"e finl ndexe!)tory

5.@. 8hether or not N%TION%B O%RD of C%N+%SSERS &NOC( RESOB7TION No.2223->@ of A%H 15, 12>@ is invlid for bein# !ontrry to lw nd hvin# been iss)ed witho)tor in ex!ess of 9)risdi!tion or #rve b)se of dis!retion "o)ntin# to l!J of 9)risdi!tion

&>( The S7SIDI%RH ISS7ES reF


b. Is the totl of the prty-list votes !st whi!h ws "de s the bsis thereof

!orre!t

!. s the 0)sti!e Crpio /or")l pres!ribed in nt vs. Co"ele! been followed

5.5. 8hether or not NOC RESOB7TION No. 2224->@ of A%H 14, 12>@ is invlid for bein#!ontrry to lw nd hvin# been iss)ed witho)t or in ex!ess of 9)risdi!tion or in #rve b)seof dis!retion "o)ntin# to l!J of 9)risdi!tion

&>( The S7SIDI%RH ISS7ES re identi!l with those of Iss)e No. 5.@, n"elyF


b. Is the totl of the prty-list votes !st whi!h ws "de s the bsis thereof!orre!t

!. s the 0)sti!e Crpio /or")l pres!ribed in nt vs. Co"ele! been followed

5.6. 8ht is the !rdinl r)le in interpretin# lws


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5.3. Ay the COAEBEC En n! Resol)tions of Ay >2 nd 15, 12>@ nd NOCResol)tions of Ay 15 nd 14, 12>@ be nn)lled nd set side56

TE CO7RTS R7BIN*

%fter reviewin# the prties pledin#s, s well s the vrio)s resol)tions tt!hed thereto, we find "erit in

the petitioners !ontentions. 1wphi1

SENIOR CITI'ENS Ri#ht to D)e Pro!ess

/irst, we shll dispose of the pro!ed)rl iss)e. In their petitions, the two rivl #ro)ps of SENIORCITI'ENS re !t)lly one in ssertin# tht the or#ni$tions dis)lifi!tion nd !n!elltion of itsre#istrtion nd !!redittion were effe!ted in violtion of its ri#ht to d)e pro!ess.

The %r)i$ *ro)p r#)es tht no noti!e nd herin# were #iven to SENIOR CITI'ENS for the!n!elltion of its re#istrtion on !!o)nt of the ter"-shrin# #ree"ent of its no"inees. The %r)i$*ro)p "intins tht SENIOR CITI'ENS ws s)""oned only to sin#le herin# dte in the fternoon of

%)#)st 15, 12>1 nd the COAEBECs review therein fo!)sed on the #ro)ps pro#r"s, !!o"plish"ents,nd other relted "tters. The %r)i$ *ro)p sserts tht SENIOR CITI'ENS ws not dvised, before ord)rin# the herin#, tht the iss)e of the ter"-shrin# #ree"ent wo)ld !onstit)te bsis for the review ofits re#istrtion nd !!redittion.

BiJewise, the Dtol *ro)p f)lts the COAEBEC for !n!ellin# the re#istrtion nd !!redittion ofSENIOR CITI'ENS witho)t #ivin# the ltter the opport)nity to show tht it !o"plied with the pr"eterslid down in %ton# P#l)". The %r)i$ *ro)p !onfir"s tht fter the pro")l#tion of %ton# P#l)",the COAEBEC !ond)!ted s)""ry herin#s in exe!)tive sessions, witho)t infor"in# SENIORCITI'ENS. The %r)i$ *ro)p sys tht it filed +ery 7r#ent Aotion To Set Cse /or erin# Or To eIn!l)ded In The erin# Set On Th)rsdy, Ay ?, 12>@, b)t its !o)nsel fo)nd tht SENIOR CITI'ENSws not in!l)ded in the herin#s wherein other prty-list #ro)ps were herd by the COAEBEC. The

%r)i$ *ro)p s)bse)ently filed on Ay >2, 12>@ 1nd +ery 7r#ent Aotion To Set Cse /or P)bli!erin#, b)t the s"e ws lso not !ted )pon. The %r)i$ *ro)p lle#es tht it only fo)nd o)t fterthe ele!tions tht the ssiled Ay >2, 12>@ O"nib)s Resol)tion ws iss)ed nd the %r)i$ *ro)p wsnot !t)lly served !opy thereof.

Se!tion 3 of Rep)bli! %!t No. ?5> 53provides for the pro!ed)re reltive to the review of the re#istrtion ofprty-list or#ni$tions, to witF

SEC. 3. Ref)sl nd


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&3( It de!lres )ntr)thf)l stte"ents in its petition

&( It hs !esed to exist for t lest one &>( yer or

&4( It fils to prti!ipte in the lst two &1( pre!edin# ele!tions or fils to obtin t lest twoper !ent)" &1( of the votes !st )nder the prty-list syste" in the two &1( pre!edin#

ele!tions for the !onstit)en!y in whi!h it hs re#istered.

7n)estionbly, the twin re)ire"ents of d)e noti!e nd herin# re indispensble before the COAEBEC"y properly order the !n!elltion of the re#istrtion nd !!redittion of prty-list or#ni$tion. In!onne!tion with this, the Co)rt len#thily dis!)ssed in Aendo$ v. Co""ission on Ele!tions5the !on!eptof d)e pro!ess s pplied to the COAEBEC. 8e e"phsi$ed therein thtF

The pproprite d)e pro!ess stndrds tht pply to the COAEBEC, s n d"inistrtive or )si-9)di!iltrib)nl, re those o)tlined in the se"inl !se of %n# Tiby v. Co)rt of Ind)stril Reltions, )otedbelowF

&>( The first of these ri#hts is the ri#ht to herin#, whi!h in!l)des the ri#ht of the prty

interested or ffe!ted to present his own !se nd s)b"it eviden!e in s)pport thereof. x x x.

&1( Not only ")st the prty be #iven n opport)nity to present his !se nd to dd)!eeviden!e tendin# to estblish the ri#hts whi!h he sserts b)t the trib)nl ")st !onsider theeviden!e presented.

&@( 8hile the d)ty to deliberte does not i"pose the obli#tion to de!ide ri#ht, it does i"ply ne!essity whi!h !nnot be disre#rded, n"ely, tht of hvin# so"ethin# to s)pport itsde!ision. % de!ision with bsol)tely nothin# to s)pport it is n)llity, pl!e when dire!tlytt!hed.

&5( Not only ")st there be so"e eviden!e to s)pport findin# or !on!l)sion, b)t theeviden!e ")st be s)bstntil. S)bstntil eviden!e is "ore thn "ere s!intill. It "enss)!h relevnt eviden!e s resonble "ind "i#ht !!ept s de)te to s)pport !on!l)sion.

&6( The de!ision ")st be rendered on the eviden!e presented t the herin#, or t lest!ontined in the re!ord nd dis!losed to the prties ffe!ted.

&3( The Co)rt of Ind)stril Reltions or ny of its 9)d#es, therefore, ")st !t on its or his ownindependent !onsidertion of the lw nd f!ts of the !ontroversy, nd not si"ply !!ept theviews of s)bordinte in rrivin# t de!ision.

&( The Co)rt of Ind)stril Reltions sho)ld, in ll !ontroversil )estions, render its de!isionin s)!h "nner tht the prties to the pro!eedin# !n Jnow the vrio)s iss)es involved,nd the resons for the de!isions rendered. The perfor"n!e of this d)ty is inseprble fro"the )thority !onferred )pon it.

These re now !o""only referred to s !rdinl pri"ry ri#hts in d"inistrtive pro!eedin#s.

The first of the en)"erted ri#hts pertin to the s)bstntive ri#hts of prty t herin# st#e of thepro!eedin#s. The essen!e of this spe!t of d)e pro!ess, we hve !onsistently held, is si"ply theopport)nity to be herd, or s pplied to d"inistrtive pro!eedin#s, n opport)nity to explin ones sideor n opport)nity to seeJ re!onsidertion of the !tion or r)lin# !o"plined of. % for"l or tril-type
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herin# is not t ll ti"es nd in ll instn!es essentil in the !se of COAEBEC, R)le > of its R)les ofPro!ed)re defines the re)ire"ents for herin# nd these serve s the stndrds in the deter"intionof the presen!e or denil of d)e pro!ess.

The se!ond, third, fo)rth, fifth, nd sixth spe!ts of the %n# Tiby re)ire"ents re reinfor!e"ents of theri#ht to herin# nd re the inviolble ri#hts ppli!ble t the delibertive st#e, s the de!ision-"Jer

de!ides on the eviden!e presented d)rin# the herin#. These stndrds set forth the #)idin#!onsidertions in delibertin# on the !se nd re the "teril nd s)bstntil !o"ponents of de!ision-"Jin#. riefly, the trib)nl ")st !onsider the totlity of the eviden!e presented whi!h ")st ll be fo)ndin the re!ords of the !se &i.e., those presented or s)b"itted by the prties( the !on!l)sion, re!hed bythe de!ision-"Jer hi"self nd not by s)bordinte, ")st be bsed on s)bstntil eviden!e.

/inlly, the lst re)ire"ent, reltin# to the for" nd s)bstn!e of the de!ision of )si-9)di!il body,f)rther !o"ple"ents the herin# nd de!ision-"Jin# d)e pro!ess ri#hts nd is si"ilr in s)bstn!e tothe !onstit)tionl re)ire"ent tht de!ision of !o)rt ")st stte distin!tly the f!ts nd the lw )ponwhi!h it is bsed. %s !o"ponent of the r)le of firness tht )nderlies d)e pro!ess, this is the d)ty to#ive reson to enble the ffe!ted person to )nderstnd how the r)le of firness hs been d"inisteredin his !se, to expose the reson to p)bli! s!r)tiny nd !riti!is", nd to ens)re tht the de!ision will betho)#ht thro)#h by the de!ision-"Jer. &E"phses o)rs, !ittions o"itted.(

In the instnt !se, the review of the re#istrtion of SENIOR CITI'ENS ws "de p)rs)nt to COAEBECResol)tion No. ?6>@ thro)#h s)""ry evidentiry herin# !rried o)t on %)#)st 15, 12>1 in SPP No.>1->6 &PBA( nd SPP No. >1->?> &PBA(. In this herin#, both the %r)i$ *ro)p nd the Dtol *ro)pwere indeed #iven the opport)nity to dd)!e eviden!e s to their !ontin)in# !o"plin!e with there)ire"ents for prty-list !!redittion. Nevertheless, the d)e pro!ess violtion ws !o""itted whenthey were not pprised of the f!t tht the ter"-shrin# #ree"ent entered into by the no"inees ofSENIOR CITI'ENS in 12>2 wo)ld be "teril !onsidertion in the evl)tion of the or#ni$tions)lifi!tions s prty-list #ro)p for the Ay >@, 12>@ ele!tions. %s it were, both f!tions of SENIORCITI'ENS were not ble to nswer this iss)e s)rely. In other words, they were deprived of theopport)nity to de)tely explin their side re#rdin# the ter"-shrin# #ree"ent nd4, 12>1.5?Sid herin# ws lle#edly !ond)!ted to deter"ine petitioners !ontin)in# !o"plin!e for!!redittion s prty-list or#ni$tion.

The Co)rt is not pers)ded. It is tr)e tht d)rin# the %pril >4, 12>1 herin#, the rivl #ro)ps of SENIORCITI'ENS d"itted to the existen!e of the ter"-shrin# #ree"ent. Contrry to the !li" of COAEBEC,however, sid herin# ws !ond)!ted for p)rposes of dis!)ssin# the petition of the %r)i$ *ro)p in E.A.No. >1-252. To re!ll, sid petition sJed for the !onfir"tion of the repl!e"ent of Rep. Gho, who hdtendered his resi#ntion effe!tive on De!e"ber @>, 12>>. Aore spe!ifi!lly, the trns!ript of the herin#revels tht the fo!)s thereof ws on the petition filed by the %r)i$ #ro)p nd its s)bse)ent"nifesttion, pryin# tht the #ro)p be llowed to withdrw its petition. %lso, d)rin# the herin#,COAEBEC Chir"n rillntes did d"onish the rivl f!tions of SENIOR CITI'ENS bo)t their !onfli!ts

nd wrned the" bo)t the !o"pli!tions bro)#ht bo)t by their ter"-shrin# #ree"ent. owever, E.A.No. >1-252 ws not pro!eedin# re#rdin# the )lifi!tions of SENIOR CITI'ENS s prty-list #ro)pnd the iss)e of whether the ter"-shrin# #ree"ent "y be #ro)nd for dis)lifi!tion ws neitherrised nor resolved in tht !se. Chir"n rillntess re"onstrtion ws not s)ffi!ient s to !onstit)te fir wrnin# tht the ter"-shrin# #ree"ent wo)ld be !onsidered s #ro)nd for the !n!elltion ofSENIOR CITI'ENS re#istrtion nd !!redittion.

/)rther"ore, fter the pro")l#tion of %ton# P#l)", whi!h re"nded, "on# other !ses, thedis)lifi!tion !ses involvin# SENIOR CITI'ENS, sid or#ni$tion sho)ld hve still been fforded theopport)nity to be herd on the "tter of the ter"-shrin# #ree"ent, either thro)#h herin# or thro)#h
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written "e"ornd. This ws the proper re!o)rse !onsiderin# tht the COAEBEC ws bo)t to rrive t finl deter"intion s to the )lifi!tion of SENIOR CITI'ENS. Insted, the COAEBEC iss)ed the Ay>2, 12>@ O"nib)s Resol)tion in SPP No. >1->6 &PBA( nd SPP No. >1->?> &PBA( witho)t !ond)!tin#ny f)rther pro!eedin#s thereon fter its re!eipt of o)r De!ision in %ton# P#l)".

The Prohibition on Ter"-shrin#

The se!ond iss)e both rised by the petitioners herein !onstit)te the threshold le#l iss)e of the instnt!sesF whether the COAEBEC !o""itted #rve b)se of dis!retion "o)ntin# to l!J or ex!ess of

9)risdi!tion when it iss)ed the ssiled O"nib)s Resol)tion, dis)lifyin# nd !n!ellin# the re#istrtionnd !!redittion of SENIOR CITI'ENS solely on !!o)nt of its p)rported violtion of the prohibition#inst ter"-shrin#.

The Dtol *ro)p r#)es tht the p)bli! poli!y prohibitin# ter"-shrin# ws provided for )nder Se!tion ,R)le 5 of COAEBEC Resol)tion No. ?@33, whi!h ws pro")l#ted only on /ebr)ry 1>, 12>1. en!e,the resol)tion sho)ld not be "de to pply retro!tively to the !se of SENIOR CITI'ENS s nothin#therein provides for its retro!tive effe!t. 8hen the ter"-shrin# #ree"ent ws exe!)ted in 12>2, thes"e ws not yet expressly pros!ribed by ny lw or resol)tion.

/)rther"ore, the Dtol *ro)p points o)t tht the "ere exe!)tion of the Irrevo!ble Covennt between theno"inees of SENIOR CITI'ENS for the 12>2 ele!tions sho)ld not hve been #ro)nd for the!n!elltion of the or#ni$tions re#istrtion nd !!redittion be!)se the no"inees never !t)llyi"ple"ented the #ree"ent.

In liJe "nner, the %r)i$ *ro)p vehe"ently stresses tht no ter"-shrin# !t)lly trnspired betweenthe no"inees of SENIOR CITI'ENS. It explined tht whtever prior rrn#e"ents were "de by theno"inees on the ter"-shrin# #ree"ent, the s"e did not "terili$e #iven tht the resi#ntion of Rep.Gho ws dispproved by the ord of Tr)stees nd the "e"bers of SENIOR CITI'ENS.

Still, #rntin# for the sJe of r#)"ent tht the ter"-shrin# #ree"ent ws !t)lly i"ple"ented, the%r)i$ *ro)p points o)t tht SENIOR CITI'ENS still !nnot be held to hve violted Se!tion ofResol)tion No. ?@33. The ter"-shrin# #ree"ent ws entered into in 12>2 or two yers prior to the

pro")l#tion of sid resol)tion on /ebr)ry 1>, 12>1. BiJewise, ss)"in# tht the resol)tion !n bepplied retro!tively, the %r)i$ *ro)p !ontends tht the s"e !nnot ffe!t SENIOR CITI'ENS t itlredy erned vested ri#ht in 12>2 s prty-list or#ni$tion.

%rti!le 5 of the Civil Code sttes tht lws shll hve no retro!tive effe!t, )nless the !ontrry isprovided. %s held in Co""issioner of Internl Reven)e v. Reyes,62the #enerl r)le is tht stt)tes reprospe!tive. owever, stt)tes tht re re"edil, or tht do not !rete new or tJe wy vested ri#hts, donot fll )nder the #enerl r)le #inst the retro!tive opertion of stt)tes. 8e lso reiterted in Bint#nd %rrsti v. Ntionl Power Corportion6>thtF

It is well-entren!hed prin!iple tht stt)tes, in!l)din# d"inistrtive r)les nd re#)ltions, operteprospe!tively )nless the le#isltive intent to the !ontrry is "nifest by express ter"s or by ne!essryi"pli!tion be!)se the retro!tive ppli!tion of lw )s)lly divests ri#hts tht hve lredy be!o"evested. This is bsed on the Btin "xi"F Bex prospi!it non respi!it &the lw looJs forwrd, not b!Jwrd(.&Cittions o"itted.(

Tr)e, COAEBEC Resol)tion No. ?@33 does not provide tht it shll hve retro!tive effe!t. Nonetheless,the Co)rt !nnot s)bs!ribe to the r#)"ent of the %r)i$ *ro)p tht SENIOR CITI'ENS lredy erned vested ri#ht to its re#istrtion s prty-list or#ni$tion.

Aontes!lros v. Co""ission on Ele!tions61te!hes tht p)bli! offi!e is not property ri#ht. %s theConstit)tion expressly sttes, P)bli! offi!e is p)bli! tr)st. No one hs vested ri#ht to ny p)bli!
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offi!e, ")!h less vested ri#ht to n expe!tn!y of holdin# p)bli! offi!e. 7nder Se!tion 1&6(, %rti!le I-C of the Constit)tion, the COAEBEC is entr)sted with the f)n!tion to re#ister, fter s)ffi!ient p)bli!tion,politi!l prties, or#ni$tions, or !olitions whi!h, in ddition to other re)ire"ents, ")st present theirpltfor" or pro#r" of #overn"ent. In f)lfillin# this f)n!tion, the COAEBEC is d)ty-bo)nd to review the#rnt of re#istrtion to prties, or#ni$tions, or !olitions lredy re#istered in order to ens)re the ltters!ontin)o)s dheren!e to the re)ire"ents pres!ribed by lw nd the relevnt r)lin#s of this Co)rt reltiveto their )lifi!tions nd eli#ibility to prti!ipte in prty-list ele!tions.

The %r)i$ *ro)p !nnot, therefore, ob9e!t to the retro!tive ppli!tion of COAEBEC Resol)tion No.?@33 on the #ro)nd of the i"pir"ent of SENIOR CITI'ENS vested ri#ht.

e tht s it "y, even if COAEBEC Resol)tion No. ?@33 expressly provided for its retro!tiveppli!tion, the Co)rt finds tht the COAEBEC En n! indeed erred in !n!ellin# the re#istrtion nd!!redittion of SENIOR CITI'ENS.

The reson for this is tht the #ro)nd invoJed by the COAEBEC En n!, i.e., the ter"-shrin##ree"ent "on# the no"inees of SENIOR CITI'ENS, ws not i"ple"ented. This f!t ws "nifestedby the %r)i$ *ro)p even d)rin# the %pril >4, 12>1 herin# !ond)!ted by the COAEBEC En n! inE.A. No. >1-252 wherein the %r)i$ *ro)p "nifested tht it ws withdrwin# its petition for

!onfir"tion nd pprovl of Rep. Ghos repl!e"ent. Therefter, in its Resol)tion dted 0)ne 1, 12>1 inE.A. No. >1-252, the COAEBEC En n! itself ref)sed to re!o#ni$e the ter"-shrin# #ree"ent nd thetender of resi#ntion of Rep. Gho. The COAEBEC even de!lred tht no v!n!y ws !reted despitethe exe!)tion of the sid #ree"ent. S)bse)ently, there ws lso no indi!tion tht the no"inees ofSENIOR CITI'ENS still tried to i"ple"ent, ")!h less s)!!eeded in i"ple"entin#, the ter"-shrin##ree"ent. efore this Co)rt, the %r)i$ *ro)p nd the Dtol *ro)p insist on this f!t of non-i"ple"enttion of the #ree"ent. Th)s, for ll intents nd p)rposes, Rep. Gho !ontin)ed to hold his setnd served his ter" s "e"ber of the o)se of Representtives, in !!ordn!e with COAEBECResol)tion No. ?@33 nd the COAEBEC En n! r)lin# in E.A. No. >1-252. C)rio)sly, the COAEBEC issilent on this point.

Ind)bitbly, if the ter"-shrin# #ree"ent ws not !t)lly i"ple"ented by the prties thereto, it pperstht SENIOR CITI'ENS, s prty-list or#ni$tion, hd been )nfirly nd rbitrrily penli$ed by the

COAEBEC En n!. +erily, how !n there be disobedien!e on the prt of SENIOR CITI'ENS when itsno"inees, in f!t, desisted fro" !rryin# o)t their #ree"ent en!e, there ws no violtion of nele!tion lw, r)le, or re#)ltion to speJ of. Clerly then, the dis)lifi!tion of SENIOR CITI'ENS ndthe !n!elltion of its re#istrtion nd !!redittion hve no le#l le# to stnd on.

In s)", the d)e pro!ess violtions !o""itted in this !se nd the l!J of le#l #ro)nd to dis)lify theSENIOR CITI'ENS spell o)t findin# of #rve b)se of dis!retion "o)ntin# to l!J or ex!ess of

9)risdi!tion on the prt of the COAEBEC En n!. 8e re, th)s, left with no !hoi!e b)t to striJe down thessiled O"nib)s Resol)tion dted Ay >2, 12>@ in SPP No. >1->6 &PBA( nd SPP No. >1->?> &PBA(.

In li#ht of the fore#oin# dis!)ssion, the Co)rt finds no need to dis!)ss the other iss)es rised by thepetitioners. In prti!)lr, the disp)te between the rivl f!tions of SENIOR CITI'ENS, not bein# n iss)erised here, sho)ld be threshed o)t in seprte pro!eedin#s before the proper trib)nl hvin# 9)risdi!tion

thereon.

vin# estblished tht the COAEBEC En n! erred in orderin# the dis)lifi!tion of SENIORCITI'ENS nd the !n!elltion of its re#istrtion nd !!redittion, sid or#ni$tion is entitled to bepro!li"ed s one of the winnin# prty-list or#ni$tions in the re!ently !on!l)ded Ay >@, 12>@ele!tions.

8ERE/ORE, the Co)rt hereby r)les thtF


19/23

&>( The Extre"ely +ery 7r#ent Petition for Certiorri &8ith Pryer for the /orthwith Iss)n!eof 8rit of Preli"inry In9)n!tion nd Te"porry Restrinin# Order :TRO; nd


20/23

P)rs)nt to %rti!le +III, Se!tion >@ of the Constit)tion, I !ertify tht the !on!l)sions in the bove De!isionhd been re!hed in !ons)lttion before the !se ws ssi#ned to the writer of the opinion of the Co)rt.

ARIA LORES !. A. SERENOChief 0)sti!e

Foo)(o)&s

UNo prt.

>Rollo &*.R. Nos. 123455-56(, pp. @-5.

1Rollo &*.R. No. 123?41(, pp. @-1@.

@R)le 35 of the R)les of Co)rt provides for the Review of 0)d#"ents nd /inl Orders or

Resol)tions of the Co""ission on Ele!tions nd the Co""ission on %)dit.

5R)le 36 of the R)les of Co)rt dels with the spe!il !ivil !tions of Certiorri, Prohibitionnd And")s.

6Rollo &*.R. Nos. 123455-56(, pp. 54-32.

3Rollo &*.R. No. 123?41(, pp. @4-5@.

Id. t 3.

4*.R. No. >?1>, %pril 1>, 122?, 643 SCR% 1>2.

?Rollo &*.R. Nos. 123455-56(, pp. 2-1.

>2Id. t >2.

>>Id. t 3>. See COAEBEC Resol)tion dted De!e"ber 5, 12>1.

>1Id. t 125. The letter dted De!e"ber 4, 12>> ws )oted in the Ex!erpt fro" the Ain)tesof the Re#)lr En n! Aeetin# of the Co""ission on Ele!tions held on /ebr)ry 1>, 12>1,whi!h ws prt of the nnexes tt!hed to the Dtol *ro)ps petition.

>@Id. t 126. The petition dted De!e"ber >5, 12>> ws prtly )oted in the Ex!erpt fro" the

Ain)tes of the Re#)lr En n! Aeetin# of the Co""ission on Ele!tions held on /ebr)ry1>, 12>1, whi!h ws prt of the nnexes tt!hed to the Dtol *ro)ps petition.

>5Id.

>6The letter itself ws )ndted, b)t on its f!e, the s"e ws notri$ed on Ay >5, 12>2.

>3Rollo &*.R. Nos. 123455-56(, p. 3.
http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt1http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt2http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt3http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt4http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt5http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt6http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt7http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt8http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt9http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt10http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt11http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt12http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt13http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt14http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt15http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt16http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt1http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt2http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt3http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt4http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt5http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt6http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt7http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt8http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt9http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt10http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt11http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt12http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt13http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt14http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt15http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/jul2013/gr_206844_2013.html#rnt16


21/23

>Id. t >2?.

>4COAEBEC Resol)tion No. ?@33 is entitled R)les nd Re#)ltions *overnin# the >( /ilin#of Petitions for Re#istrtion 1( /ilin# of Anifesttion of Intent to Prti!ipte @( S)b"issionof N"es of No"inees nd 5( /ilin# of Dis)lifi!tion Cses %#inst No"inees of Prty-Bist *ro)ps or Or#ni$tions Prti!iptin# )nder the Prty-Bist Syste" of Representtion in

Conne!tion with the Ay >@, 12>@ Ntionl nd Bo!l Ele!tions, nd S)bse)ent Ele!tionsTherefter. VhttpF>, 12>@(.

>?Rollo &*.R. Nos. 123455-56(, p. 6?>.

12Id. t >>4->11 TSN, %pril >4, 12>1, pp. ?->@.

1>Id. t >15 id. t >6.

11Id. t >@3->@4, >3>->31 id. t 1-1?, 61-6@.

1@Id. t >4@->44 penned by COAEBEC Chir"n Sixto S. rillntes, 0r.

15Id. t >45->44.

16Id. t >4?-122.

13The Dtol *ro)p filed its Anifesttion on Ay ?, 12>1 &Rollo :*.R. Nos. 123455-56;, pp.@>2-@1>( while the %r)i$ *ro)p filed its Anifesttion on Ay 14, 12>1 &Rollo :*.R. No.123?41;, pp. 55-6(.

1COAEBEC Resol)tion No. ?6>@ is entitled In the Atter ofF &>( the %)to"ti! Review bythe Co""ission En n! of Pendin# Petitions for Re#istrtion of Prty-Bist *ro)ps nd &1(Settin# for erin# the %!!redited Prty-Bist *ro)ps Or Or#ni$tions whi!h re Existin#nd whi!h hve filed Anifesttions of Intent to Prti!ipte in the 12>@ Ntionl nd Bo!lEle!tions. The relevnt portions of the fllo thereof sttesF

NO8 TERE/ORE, in view of the fore#oin#, the Co""ission on Ele!tions, virt)e ofthe powers vested in it by the Constit)tion, the O"nib)s Ele!tion Code, nd Rep)bli!

%!t No. ?5> or the Prty-Bist Syste" %!t, hereby RESOB+ES to pro")l#te thefollowin#F

x x x x

1. To set for s)""ry evidentiry herin#s by the Co""ission En n!, forp)rposes of deter"inin# their !ontin)in# !o"plin!e with the re)ire"ents of R.%.No. ?5> nd the #)idelines in the %n# #on# yni !se, nd, if non-!o"plint,!n!el the re#istrtion of the followin#F

&( Prty-list #ro)ps or or#ni$tions whi!h re lredy re#istered nd !!reditednd will prti!ipte in the Ay >@, 12>@ Ele!tions, provided tht the Co""ission Enn! hs not pssed )pon the #rnt of their respe!tive Petitions for Re#istrtion nd
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22/23

&b( Prty-list #ro)ps or or#ni$tions whi!h re existin# nd retined in the list ofRe#istered Prty-Bist Prties per Resol)tion No. ?5>1, pro")l#ted on 1 %pril12>1, nd whi!h hve filed their respe!tive Anifesttions of Intent to Prti!ipte inthe Prt-Bist Syste" of Representtion in the Ay >@, 12>@ Ele!tions.

Bet the ClerJ of the Co""ission i"ple"ent this Resol)tion.

The Ed)!tion nd Infor"tion Deprt"ent of the Co""ission shll !)se thep)bli!tion of this Resol)tion in two &1( dily newsppers of #enerl !ir!)ltion. SOORDERED. VhttpF


23/23

53Rep)bli! %!t No. ?5> is entitled %n %!t Providin# for the Ele!tion of Prty-BistRepresenttives Thro)#h the Prty-Bist Syste", nd %ppropritin# /)nds Therefor.

5*.R. No. >44@24, O!tober >6, 122?, 32@ SCR% 3?1, >1->5.

54Rollo &*.R. Nos. 123455-56(, pp. @>-523.

5?In the Co""ent of the COAEBEC, the dte of the herin# ws erroneo)sly stted s%)#)st >4, 12>1.

626>3 Phil. >3, >44 &1223(.

6>666 Phil. 13@, 11 &122(.

615@@ Phil. 312, 3@ &1221(.
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