coating hvlp training
TRANSCRIPT
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Introd uction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Spray ing M ethods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
When to u se HVLP Equipmen t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
How does H VLP Work? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
How to Acqua int the Painter w ith H VLP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
HVLP System Com ponen ts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
Maxum I
HVLP Spr ay Gu n Ad justments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Maxum I Air Cap Ad justments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Spray Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-13
Choosing a Pro jector Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Projector Set Recommen dation Cha rt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Cleanin g Your Equ ipm ent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
HVLP Spray Equip men t/ Finish Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-18
Sherw in-Williams CAPsp ray 5100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Sherw in-Williams CAPsp ray 8100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Sherw in-Williams CAPsp ray 9100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Sherw in-Williams Portable Ca rt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Mou nting Models 5100, 8100 or 9100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Sherw in-Williams CAPsp ray 3100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Assistan ce/ Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26-28
Contents
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The contractor market for HVLP spray systems is the fastest-growing m arket
segmen t in the spray equ ipmen t indu stry. As youll soon realize, HVLP
sprayers represent a tremendous op portun ity to help painters become more
competitive and p rofitable. Used pr imarily for finishing w ork, HVLP sprayerswork h and-in-hand with airless equipment to help contractors reduce the time
and material necessary to complete a job.
The key is minim ized oversp ray. HVLP systems atom ize coatings by mean s
of low a ir pressure (2-10 PSI) (pou nd s per squ are inch) and h igh air volum e
(10-25 CFM) (cubic feet per minute), so the user can expect transfer efficiency
rang ing from 65-90 percent. The result is:
Less time masking and prep work
Less material waste
Less time cleaning up
MORE PROFITS
In addition, the high transfer efficiency of HVLP assists contractors to complywith new clean air laws designed to redu ce volatile organic compou nd s
(VOC) emissions. HVLP paint sp rayers help p rotect the environm entand
paintersby reducing overspray and bounceback.
This manu al will give an overview of HVLP technology and uses; it will also
focus on the sp ecific features and operation of Sherwin-Williams/ CAPspray
HVLP equipment.
Introduction
1
Introduction
TRANSFER EFFICIENCY
Transfer Efficiency %
1 0 0
9 0
8 0
7 0
6 0
5 0
4 0
3 0
2 0
1 0
Application MethodsLiquid Coatings
Note: Transfer efficiencies may vary according to the operator and equipment condition.This chart gives broad ranges only.
Air Spray
Airless Spray
Air-Assisted
Airless
Electrostatic
High Volume
Low Pressure
(HVLP)
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Two types of HVLP systems dominate the painting contractor market:
portable turbines and direct hook-up gun s. The tw o systems use completely
different air sources, but atomize ma terial in similar man ners.
Portab le Turbine
Most comm only found in the p ainting contractor market for portable
app lications, this type of HVLP system uses a centrifuga l blower motor as
the air source.
Direct Hook -up Guns
Direct hook-up guns require an air compressor as the air source. The guns
will generally require from 10-25 CFM. These gu ns are p rimarily u sed in
stationary booth applications.
Direct Hook -up H igh Flow Regulator Guns
High flow regu lator guns utilize an attached , high flow regu lator, whichincreases air flow and redu ces air pressu re to achieve HVLP results.
Regulators deliver a more precise pressure setting than direct hook-up guns
because the regulator is adjustable right at the gun.
Conven tional air spray atomizes m aterial at high air p ressure (35 to 80 PSI)
and mod erates air flow. The nega tive aspect of conventional air spray is
excessive overspray and bounceback that results from high air pressure.
Conven tional air spray creates excessive turbu lence at the air cap, w hich
contributes to excess overspray. Boun ceback results from th e ma terial being
discharged from th e nozzle, moving to the substrat e at a very high velocity
and boun cing off the substra te. The ad vantage of this method is ultra-fine
atomization and a high rate of application. Conventional systems are usedon finishing wor k rang ing in size from sm all jobs to prod uction lines. They
generally are found in stationary applications. Required components are an
air compressor, air hose and conventional spray gun.
Airless sprayers atomize coatings by forcing the paint throu gh a sm all tip
open ing at very high fluid p ressure. Working fluid pressu res range from
1200 to 3600 PSI. Airless spray transfer efficiency is higher than conventional
air spray (see chart on page 1), and offers the ability to spray the wid est
variety of coatings.
Airless sprayers typically are por table with gas, electric and air operated
available. The primary app lication is produ ction work. These systems are
capable of covering large areas in a short am oun t of time. When used
prop erlycorrect fluid p ressure, hose length and tip sizeairless systems
handle the w idest range of applications. As a result, it is rare to find a
commercial painting contractor w ho d oes not ow n or need airless
spray equipment.
Spraying Methods
HVLP
Conventional Air Spray
Airless Spra yers
2
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Spraying Methods
Air-Assisted Airless
Electrosta tic Spray
Air-assisted airless sprayers o ffer fine finish capabilities combined with
a medium production rate. Air-assisted technology uses a combination of
airless and air spray. Fluid pressu re ranges from 700 to 900 PSI, with air
intermixed at 15 to 30 PSI. The system s typ ically are found in stationaryand portable fine finish p rodu ction app lications. Transfer efficiency for
air-assisted airless ranges from 40 to 65%.
Electrostatic spray system s charge the p aint at the tip. The charged p articles
move within th e electrostatic field, wh ich is attracted to the grou nd ed object,
forming an even coating on its entire circum ference. When used p roperly, the
result can be high transfer efficiency with u niform m il thickness.
A variety of electrostatic systems are available, includ ing conven tional airless
and air-assisted. Ap plications include chain link fences, wrou ght iron, lockers
and metal office furnitu re.
When to use HVLP Equipment
HVLP equ ipm ent is classified as a finishing tool. It is not designed to be used
for covering large, flat su rfaces, except w hen using specialty coatings, such as
mu lti-spec, or w here overspray may be hazard ous.
HVLP systems are d esigned to cut labor time, minimize waste, and improve
the final finish on the substrate. In add ition to enhan cing p rofitability, in
man y states HVLP is compliant w ith the most stringent transfer efficiency
requiremen ts. For this reason, you can expect the HVLP sprayer market will
continue to grow at an accelerated p ace.
HVLP Applications Include:
HVLP Features:
Touch-up
Dentil molding
Crown molding
Cabinets
Door jambs
Elevator doors
Frames
Bi-fold doors
Implement equipment
Six -panel doors
Appliances
Porcelain
Furniture
Lockers
Shutters
Dividers
Gutters
General maintenance
Wicker furniture
Shelving
Pipes
Multi-color finishes
Louvered doors
Overhangs
High transfer efficiency
Minimal bounceback
Sprays most materials
Reduced prep and clean-up
Affordable
Inexpensive to maintain
Controlled spraying
Portability
Reduces material consumption by 40%
Three spray patterns available
Works from 15-amp service
Cuts labor t ime
Sprays patterns from 1/4" to 12"
Low fluid pressure means low wear
Moisture-free atomizing air3
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How Does HVLP Work?
4
A pressu re vessel (1-quart cup , 2-quart cup , or pressure pot) supplies
paint to the gu n, wh ere a large amount of low p ressure air intersects with
the paint stream breaking th e paint into sm all particles. This process is
called atom ization.
Since the pressures are much lower, the atom ized pa int has less boun ceback.
This means less overspr ay, greater tran sfer efficiency and better control.
Air diverted to atomize paint
Low pressure stream of paint
Air diverted to pressurize the cup
Pressure causes pa int to flow to spray g unHigh volume of airin from turbine
Little bounceback, greater control
Hig h volume ofair from turbine
Low pressure paint from container
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How to Acquaint the Painter with HVLP
5
The most effective way to show the ad vantages of HVLP equipm ent is to
dem onstrate it. Contractors will see how they can save labor hours, use less
paint and increase profits.
HVLP sprayers are not for every painter. Be certain they a re involved w iththe approp riate finishing app lication. Then m atch the correct un it size and tip
size to the type of materials they use.
After you have d etermined the answ ers to these questions, consider more
specific criteria:
Will the system be used in a stationary or portable application?
Does the paint er need a one-quart cup system, a two-quart,
or a 2 1/2-gallon material capacity for cont inuous use?
Will the painter need extra maneuverability with the gun?
Is maximum hose length a consideration? How often will the painter use the sprayer?
The significance of answers to these and oth er questions are discussed in the
following portion of the hand book. However, the demonstration remains the
most critical comp onent. We can guide you through a d emonstration, but you
still mu st put paint in the cup, be prepared , and be confident. Und er those
conditions, the equ ipmen t w ill sell itself.
Before operat ing a Sherwin-Williams CAPspray HVLP spray system ,
please review the ow ner s manual. The manu al includ es all of the
information needed to p roperly operate and maintain HVLP equipment.
Also keep in mind these basic safety considera tions: Always spray in a well-ventilated area. Always comply with appropriate local,
state and national codes governing vent ilation, fire prevent ion, and operation.
Never spray near sparks, open flames or hot surfaces. Some coating materials
are highly flammable.
Before each use, check all material hoses (if you are utilizing them) for cuts,
leaks, abrasions, cover bulging or movement of couplin gs. If any of t hese
conditions exist , replace the hose immediately. Never repair a paint hose.
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HVLP System Components
Air Source
6
As with m ost sprayers, three distinct comp onents make u p an HVLP system:
air source, air hose, and HVLP spray gun . There are several variations of
these compon ents depend ing up on the manu facturer. We will deal primarily
with Sherwin-Williams CAPspray equipm ent.
The air source is the heart of the system. It provides the CFM and PSI required
to atomize coatings. Depending on the typ e of gun an d the app lication
requiremen ts, there are two typ es of air sourcesair comp ressor and tu rbine.
Air Compressor
Air compressors are used as the air source wh en using either d irect hook-up
gun s or high-flow regu lator systems. Because of high CFM requirements w ith
HVLP direct hook-up guns, the m inimum compressor size recomm ended is
5 HP. Due to the overall size and electrical requirements of 5 HP air comp ressors,
portability is limited. In most cases, direct hook-up gun s wh ich requ ire an air
compressor as the air source are confined to stationar y app lications.
Turbine
The turbine is the most common air source found in the painting contractor
market. A tu rbine is a high-speed centrifugal blower motor w hich p rovides
the gu n w ith high CFM flow at low air p ressures. Because of the high
RPM20,000 RPM in some casesthe air is frictionally heated. This eliminates
all moisture from the atomizing air. The high RPM also increases the atomizing
air temperature by as m uch as 80 degrees, reducing flash time and helping
to minimize blushing . All CAPspr ay tur bines are comm ercially rated,
heavy-duty and designed for continuous u se.
By-Pa ss Turbine w ith Tangentia l Discharge
The tangential discharge turbine is used in the by-pass configuration , usingseparate cooling and intake fans. This turbine comes from the m anu facturer
with a bu ilt-in air ou tlet. This type of turbine is found in the 5100, 8100 and
9100 un its.
Although there are man y variations and uses, the main function of a tu rbine
in HVLP equipm ent is to generate a high volum e of air at air pressures less
than 10 PSI. A critical element in d etermining the amou nt of air pressure that a
turbine can generate is the num ber ofstages. A stage, within a turbine, can be
viewed as an individual compression chamber. The greater the number of
stages within a tu rbine, the higher the PSI the tur bine is able to produ cethe
more PSI the tu rbine prod uces, the heavier the viscosity of material that can
be sprayed .
Cooling Fan
Brush (2)
Motor
Air Exhaust
Air Intake
2 Stage Turbine
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HVLP System Components
Air Hose
Max um I HVLPSpray Gun
7
Please note that w hile air flow (CFM) and p ressure (PSI) are both imp ortant
in determining the turbines ability to atom ize coatings, pressure is the key.
All manu facturers ra te their tur bines in the ran ge of 50-170 CFM.
Whether the tu rbine p rodu ces 50 or 170 CFM, it will still have enou gh airflow to sup port the gu n. The gun only uses about 25 CFM. Therefore, CFM as
a m easure of p erformance can be misleading. Pressure determines the velocity
of the air moving through the air cap. This creates the turbu lence at the
nozzle, and in turn atomizes the coating. The m ore pressure, the higher the
velocity and the better the ability to break up more viscous coatings.
The air hose often is ignored, bu t it is a key elemen t of the HVLP system.
Its fun ctiontransferring air from the pow er source to the guncannot be
overlooked. The CAPspray hose is specifically designed to w ithstand h eat and
solvents, wh ile remaining lightweight an d pliable.
Hose Length
To determine the m aximu m air hose length with a turbine, use this general
rule of thu mb: double the length of hose that comes standard w ith the
tur bine. Examp le: If 15 feet of hose comes with th e tur bine, the pa inter
can use a m aximum hose length of 30 feet. Just screw the h oses together to
extend the length.
The Sherwin-Williams CAPspray Maxum I Non-bleeder Gu n is the most
versatile, painter-friendly HVLP gun available on the market.
O ptional air inletsprovide non-bleedto bleed conversionfor greater versatility
Stainless steelneedle and nozzleto minimize wear
Click-in air cap for quickpa ttern ad justment
and no guesswork
Teflon seals are solvent-resistantfor easy cleanup
Increased internal airpassages for greaterflow, higher pressureand the ability to handleheavier coatings(better atomization)
External packing nut makesadjustments easy
M ulti-po sition p ick-up tube for longeruse without refill, when spraying atangles (floors, ceilings)
Compo site handle withpatented g rip design forstay-cool operation
(continued
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HVLP System Components
M ax um I HVLPSpray Gun
(continued)
N on-Bleeder Gunvs. Bleeder Gun
Optional Air Inlet
HVLP guns differ from conventional air spray guns in two main areas:
One d ifference is the size of the intern al air ports. Conventional gun air
port op enings are approximately 1/4''. HVLP guns need m ore air and use
openings
5
/8
'' in size. That makes the air ports m ore than 6 times as large asthose in conventional guns. Keep in mind that HVLP atomizes with a high
volume of air and low pressure.
The second major difference is the man ner in w hich the mater ial is moved
from th e cup out of the nozzle. HVLP un its pressurize the cup,forcing
mater ial to the nozzle. A conven tional gun creates a vacuum to siphon
material to and through th e nozzle.
The term non-bleeder m eans that when the u ser releases the trigger of the gun,
the air flow stop s. With a two-stage trigger, the u ser will first feel air coming
from the air cap; trigger further and material flow will begin. With a bleeder
gun , air flows continuously; the trigger only starts and stops the p aint flow.
The Maxum I Gun offers two air inlet locations: one on the bottom of the
hand le for non-bleeder set up and the second directly behind the air control
valve. To set up the gun in bleeder sp ray mod e, remove the air control knob
and replace it with th e air inlet fitting from the bottom of the gun . Close the
air inlet fitting w ith the plug sup plied w ith the gun. The air hose can now be
attached to the gun . When using this location, the gun becomes a bleeder gun
by always discharging air. This location is particularly helpful spr aying inside
lockers or cabinets.
Anoth er area to utilize the top air inlet is to imp rove atomization w ith very
heavy m aterials. This can be d one by byp assing the air valve so air is d irectly
channeled to the air cap.
Patented conversion feature allows you to changeto a bleeder gun if the job requires it.
8
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Maxum I HVLP Spray Gun Adjustments
Air Control Va lve
M aterial FlowAdjustment
Ex ternal Pack ing Nut
One-Way Valve
To produce the highest-quality finish possible, the spray gun requires the
proper air and m aterial adjustments. You control the air flow with the air
control valve, located at the rear of the gun .
Note the n otch that is cast into th e control knob on the valve. Air flow is at itsfullest when the knob is set at th e 12:00 position. Rotating th e valve 180 either
direction cuts off the air.
The air control valve is used w hen sp raying w ith light viscosity materials or
in confined areas, such as cabinets or lockers. When spray ing light material,
full air is not needed. Restrict the valve un til you achieve proper atomization
without excess overspray.
The amoun t of paint fed
from the cup out the nozzle
is controlled by the material
adjustment knob located atthe heel of the gun, just above
the hand le. To decrease paint
flow, turn the fluid
adjustment knob clockwise.
To increase the paint flow,
turn the knob
counter-clockwise. A little
experimentation will give
you the correct combination
of paint and air necessary
to achieve the desired finish
and fan size. The materialad justm ent can also be used to set a specific trigger pu ll, so the same p attern
size and m aterial flow are consistently obtained on each pass.
The external packing n ut, located d irectly in front of the trigger, is used to
adjust the packing so a seal is maintained aroun d the needle.
The one-way valve, or
serviceable check valve, is
designed to allow air into the
cup, putting the material und er
pressu re, yet not releasing the
cup pressure. CAPspraysone-way valve prevents paint
from seeping up the air tube
into the air passages of the gu n.
It also eliminates any delay in
material flow w hen the gu n
is triggered.
CAPsprays one-way valve is
easily detached for cleaning p urp oses. The valve simply rotates to open for
cleaning and contains a d isk that can be removed and cleaned w ith soap and
water for waterborn e materials or a comp atible solvent for other materials.
MAX
M aximum Air Flow
MinimumAir Flow
MinimumAir Flow
Material flow
Air controlPacking N ut
9
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Maxum I Air Cap Adjustments
Air Cap
Spray Pattern
The Fan Size
10
CAPsprays exclusively designed gu ided a ir cap m akes it virtua lly impossible
for the painting contr actor to misalign. This translates to better spray
pattern control.
The air cap determ ines the spray pattern . It is crucial the air cap rem ains
clean and free of dr ied pa int.
The Sherwin-Williams CAPspray HVLP gun offers a choice of three spr ay
patter ns: horizon tal flat, vertical flat and roun d. To select the desired pattern ,
simply rotate the tw o air cap ears u ntil they click into the d esired p osition.
An u p an d d own position gives you a horizontal pattern. When the ears are
side by side, you w ill get a vertical pattern. And wh en the ears are d iagonal,
the pattern is round . Never trigger the gun while adjusting the spray pattern.
To change fan size, change the distance from the
surface to the gun nozzle. The closer you are to
the sur face, the smaller the pattern becomes.
Moving back increases the fan size.
Trigger pu ll will also vary the fan size.
The greater the trigger pull, the greater
the material flow and fan size.
Another w ay to ad just fan size is to move th e
air cap in (clockwise) for a larger p attern or out
(coun ter-clockwise) for a smaller pattern.
When getting started, the air cap should be flush
with the fluid nozzle. This will give you th e full
range of pattern size control.
Largerpattern
Smaller
pattern
Spray pattern width is adjustablefrom 1/4 '' to 12''.
DiagonalCa p Position
HorizontalCap Position
VerticalCap Position
Round SprayPattern
Vertical SprayPattern
Horizontal SprayPattern
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Spray Techniques
Spraying Large Areas
Spraying the Outside
Edges of Corners
Spraying the InsideEdges of Corners
Spra ying Slender W ork
12
Spr ay a long p anel or w all in sections. Use horizontal or vertical strokes. Keep
stroke length to 3 feet. Spraying a longer pa ttern may cause uneven coverage
and excessive overspray. Overlap each section by 4 inches. Na rrow pan els are
best sprayed u sing vertical strokes to help prevent too mu ch overlapp ing.
Hold the gun directly facing the corner ed ge
so that the surfaces which form the corner aresprayed along the edge.
Spr ay hor izontally for vertical edges,
and spray vertically for horizontal edges.
Each surface that forms the corner shou ld be
sprayed separately. Spray one surface
vertically. Spr ay the oth er surface with sh ort,
even, horizonta l strokes. When spray ing each
surface, overlap slightly into corner.
Picket fences are sprayed with single strokes,
mad e vertically at an ang le. This motion will
cover the front and one edge. Spray the other
side of each p icket at the opposite angle.
Place a piece of cardboard behind the fenceto catch oversp ray.
3 6 " 4 " 3 6 " 4 " 3 6 " 4 "
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Adjust the material adjustment knob to
the desired sp ray width . Spray tw o
ad jacent surfaces at the same time.
Hold the gun at a sharp angle. Deflect the paint
passing th rough the gr ill or fence with a flat
surface. This will help coat the oth er side.
For cylinders up to three feet high or w ide, spray vertically. For larger
cylind ers, such as storage tanks, spray horizon tally. For small pipe w ork or
tubu lar furn iture, use the round spray p attern set to the proper diameter.
Cutting a line in is a technique best explained w ith an examp le.
Sup pose you are spraying horizontally on a w all, and you are approaching a
door frame. Do not sp ray horizontally to the ed ge of the door frame.
LEAVING TH E AIR CAP H ORNS SET AT HORIZON TAL, CUT IN BY
MOVING TH E GUN IN A VERTICAL FASHION.
This hides the p attern created by cutting in. Feather the spray or red uce paint
flow to gu n before cutting in. Use horizon tally after spraying vertically, leave
air cap ho rns for vertical spray.
Spray Techniques
Spra ying SquarePosts or Steel
Grills and W ire Fences
Spra ying Round W ork
Cutting In
13
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Choosing a Projector Set
Projector Set
14
The projector set determ ines wh at mater ials and viscosities can be sp rayed
from the gu n. A larger projector set has a larger nozzle opening, allowing you
to spray thicker, heavier ma terials.
A p rojector set consists of a need le assembly, fluid nozzle an d air cap.
The Maxum I spray gun comes standard w ith a #3 guided projector set.
You shou ld choose a projector set based on tw o things: type of ma terial to
be sprayed and finish desired. The chart below w ill help you make the
correct choice.
Projector OrificePart Number Set Size Size Inches Type of Coating
0276254 #2 .031 in. Fine Finish
0276227 #3 .051 in. All-Purpose
0276228 #4 .070 in. High Output
0276229 #5 .086 in. Heavy Viscosity Material
0276245 #6 .097 in. Heavy Viscosity Materialand Texture Finishes
N eedle Assembly
Fluid N ozzle Air Cap
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Percent Smallest Unit Projector Set Projector SetMaterial Reduction Recommended Recommended Orifice Size (in.
Pro Mar 200 10-15% 9100 4 to 5 .070 to .086
Pro Mar 400 10-15% 9100 4 to 5 .070 to .086
Super Paint 5-15% 8100 3 to 4 .051 to .070
Classic 99 5-15% 9100 3 to 4 .051 to .070
Ceiling Paint 5-10% 5100 3 to 4 .051 to .070
DTM Water Base 0-5% 5100 3 to 4 .051 to .070Acrylic
Chem Lack 2-4% 9100 3 to 4 .051 to .070
Metal Latex 5-10% 9100 4 to 5 .070 to .086
Style Perfect 10-15% 8100 3 to 4 051 to .070
Classic 99 Alkyd 5-15% 5100 3 to 4 .051 to .070
Industrial Enamel 5-15% 5100 3 to 4 .051 to .070
Quick Dry 5-15% 5100 3 to 4 .051 to .070Enamel
DTM Alkyd 2-5% 5100 3 to 4 .051 to .070
Polane Mfg. Rec. 5100 2 to 3 .031 to .051
Water Base Epoxy 5% 9100 3 to 4 .051 to .070
Nitrocellulous Mfg. Rec. 5100 2 to 3 .031 to .051Lacquer
Opex Production 10% 5100 3 to 4 .051 to .070Lacquer
Water White 10% 5100 3 to 4 .051 to .070Lacquer
Multi Spec 0% 8100 4 to 5 .070 to .086
Tile Clad 10-15% 9100 4 to 5 .070 to .086
Polyurethane 0% 5100 3 to 4 .051 to .070
Sealer 0% 5100 3 to 4 .051 to .070
Latex Primer 5-10% 5100 3 to 4 .051 to .070
Incredicoat 5-10% 8100 3 to 4 .051 to .070
Projector Set Recommendation Chart
15
Notes: All wa ter like coatings require no thinning.
Because of variations in m aterial, recomm endations in this chart shou ld be u sed as
starting p oints. You m ay achieve acceptable results using d ifferent combinations.
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Cleaning Your Equipment
Spray Gun
Filter
16
It is important to clean your spray gu n thorou ghly after each use.
1.Empty the spray material from cup.
2. Pour a small amount of the appropriate solvent in the cup and attach the cup to
the spray gun.
3. Shake and spray t he gun in a well-ventilated area. Back-flushing of the system
is not necessary, so do not restrict the nozz le when cleaning.
4.Repeat the steps above until the solvent appears clear.
5. Wipe the exterior of the cup and the spray gun with the appropriate solvent
until it is clean.
6.M ake sure the air holes and material passages are completely clean.
Never use metal tools or picks to clean the air cap or nozzle.
7. Thoroughly clean the check valve and hoses. Do not soak check valve hoses in
hot solvents. Failure to clean check valve will result in problems the next timeyou use the gun.
It is a good idea to lubricate any threaded parts on
the sprayer with p etroleum jelly wh en you p ut them
back together. This helps keep them working
properly. However, do not use any lubricants
containing silicone, which can cause problems when
used w ith some paints.
The cup gasket must be replaced periodically due to
norm al wear. It is imp ortant to inspect the gasket
du ring each cleaning.
If material leaks from around or through the packing
nu t, tighten th e packing nu t slightly. Squeeze the
trigger to see if the leaking has stop ped . If it has not,
continue to tighten the packing nut until the leaking
stops. Be careful not to over-tighten the packing nu t
or the need le will stick in the packing. If ad justing the packing nu t does not stop
the leak, replace the packing.
1.Remove the filter as shown.
2. Use air to blow material residue from the filter,
or tap the particles out. For material that is not
easily blown or knocked loose, try soapy wateror mineral spirits. Allow filter to dry before
placing back in unit. Filters should not be
cleaned with highly flammable solvents. If the
filter does not come clean using these methods,
install a new filter.
3. Once the filter is cleaned, insert it back into the
end from which it was removed. Note that the
two-stage filter found on the gun atomizing air
chamber needs to go in with the green side on the inside.
CupGasket
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HVLP Spray Equipment Troubleshooting
17
Little or no material out of nozzle. Out of paint. Fill cup or pot with paint.
Air cap screw ed clockw ise too far. Ad ju st air cap .Check valve plugged. Clean or replace check valve assembly
Material viscosity too heavy. Thin material. Try Paint Mate as an
additive for latex.
Nozzle plugged. Clean nozzle.
Cup or pot lid is loose. Tighten cap lever or pot wing nuts.
Pressure Pot System:
Fluid hose clogged. Clean by flushing with water or solvent
or replace hose.
Regulator not ad justed. Adjust regulator properly (10-15 psi).
Pot gasket worn. Replace.
Pick-up tube bottomed out on gallon can. Pour paint into pot or shorten tube.
No air pressure in pot. Inspect air tube or pot gasket;
clean or replace.
Paint leaking from front of gun. Needle or nozzle worn. Replace.
Needle sticking. Adjust needle packing; check for
bent needle.
Im prop er need le or nozzle size. Rep lace w ith correct size for mater ial.
Loose nozzle. Tighten.
Loose packing nut. Tighten.
N eed le not closing properly. Loosen packing nut, replace need le
spring, remove dried paint from needle
Paint leaking from packing nut. Packing damaged. Replace.
Poor spray pattern. Air holes in air cap ears are clogged. Remove and clean air holes.
Nozzle is clogged. Clean with appropriate solvent.
Damaged nozzle or needle. Remove and replace.Air cap screwed in too far. Adjust air cap to proper setting.
Gun too far from surface. Move gun closer (within 6").
Pulsating spray pattern. Loose or damaged packing. Adjust or replace packing.
Pattern off center; heavy to one side. Air cap holes plugged. Clean holes in cap.
Gun not held perpendicular to surface. Posit ion gun correct ly.
Damaged air cap. Replace.
Pattern heavy in the middle. Too much fluid pressure. Reduce pressure.
Gun spitting paint. Check valve not operating properly. Clean or replace valve assembly.
Material too thick. Thin material. Try Paint Mate
as an add itive for latex.
Paint build-up on air cap. Improper ad justment of the cap. Adjust per manual instructions.
Excessive overspray. Gun too far from surface. Move closer.
Air pressure too high. Reduce air pressure to level that
adequately atom izes coating.
Material too thin. Add unthinned material.
Restricted or no air flow. Air control valve turned off. Adjust air control valve.
Air filters clogged. Clean or replace filters.
Problem Cause Solution
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HVLP Spray Equipment/ Finish Troubleshooting
18
Note: For fast-drying automotive materials and some lacquers, prepare material to be
sprayed according to ma nufacturers recommendation. The hot air produ ced by the
turbine qu ickly dries the solvents required to thin these materials. We recommend
that you thin these m aterials 5% to 10% more than the recommend ed instructionsof the man ufacturer, or use a retarder.
Filter warning light on. Air filters clogged. Clean or replace filters.
No trigger pull. Material ad justment knob too tight. Turn counter-clockwise.
Unit has no power. Blown fuse. Check and replace fuse.
Cup doesn't retain power. Worn cup gasket. Replace.
Cup ears bent. Straighten (do not over-tighten).
Excessive arcing/ sparking. Worn turbine brushes. Replace brushes.
Damaged commutator. Replace turbine.
Finish Troubleshooting:
Orange peel. Paint drying too fast. Use slower solvent or retarder.
Gun too far from surface. Move closer.
Material too heavy. Reduce viscosity. Try Paint Mateas an add itive for latex.
Dry spray with lacquer. Solvent flash too fast. Add retarder to slow flash time.
Runs and sags. Material too thin. Add unthinned material.
Moving gun too slow. Speed up passes.
Too much material. Reduce material flow by adjusting
material adjustment knob.
Pinholing and solvent pops. Trapped solvents. Apply material in lighter coats allowing
solvents time to evaporate.
Pigment settling. Possible bad product. Replace.
System contamination. Thoroughly clean all parts.
Fish eyes. Possible silicone contamination. Use solvent to clean all parts.
Blistering. Moisture in/ on spray surface. Dry surface completely.
Incompatib le topcoats or undercoats. Ensure coat ings compatib ility.
Lumpy, coarse surface. Dirt on spray surface. Thoroughly clean surface.
Mottled surface finish. Too much thinner. Reduce thinner.
Poor spray technique. Always square gun with spray surface.
Problem Cause Solution
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Sherwin-Williams CAPspray 5100 SM IS No. 176-5064
19
A comp act un it for mid -size jobs, the 5100 offers the
pain ter a great deal of versatility in the typ e of work,
yet is comp act and completely portab le. Increased
performance allows the contractor to spray stains,sealers, lacquers, oil-based and finish-grad e latex.
A ru gged, two-stage by-pass tu rbine delivers amp le air
pressure and volume to handle higher viscosities better
than any comp arable un it. The 5100 features a
lightweight, tough cast and aluminu m and steel
housing, center mou nted h and le for easy carrying, and
an integrated gu n/ cup holder. Cart mounting is optional
The 5100 offers the p ainting contractor m any op tions for
a var iety of jobs. For residen tial work: cabinets, doors
and woodwork, appliances, porcelain, wicker, louvers,
etc. For comm ercial work: elevators, metal cabinets,
woodwork, equipment, multi-color finishes, dividers,
etc. And for the ma intenance painter, the 5100 will make
short work of lockers, metal structures, equipment,
framing, metal dividers, pipes and many more items.
Features:
Maxum I spray gun, which includes a 1-quart cup with multi-position pick-up tube
15-foot high-flex air hose
Two-stage tangential by-pass turbine
Portable unit or power pack with carrying handle
Int egrated cup holder
Built-in noise reduction system
Specifications:
Number 3 guided air cap system for most coatings. Number 3 provides
.051-inch orifice size.
5 PSI
9.0 AM PS (15 AM P circuit, 110V)
Weight: 18 lbs.
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Sherwin-Williams CAPspray 8100 SMIS No. 176-5072
2 0
The 8100 is ideal for jobs that require continuous sp raying an d the ability to
handle d ifficult-to-atomize m aterials. It sp rays stains, clear coats, lacquer s,
oil-based epoxies and mu lti-color coatings. Also app lies most w ater-reducible
coatings, including waterborne lacquer and finish-grade latex.The large or sm all contractor tak ing a w ide var iety of jobs w ill benefit from
the 8100. Meant for continuou s use, the 8100 will become an invaluable
painting partner for residential, commercial or maintenance painting. Meant
for large jobs, the 8100 comes with 30 feet of air hose (can be upg rad ed to 60
feet) giving the contractor a great deal of m aneu verability.
Features:
Maxum I spray gun, which includes 1-quart cup with
multi-position pick-up tube
Filter warning light tells you when to clean or change
air filters
30-foot high-flex air hose
Three-stage tangential turbine
Int egrated cup holder
Tough metal housing
Built-in noise reduction system
Optional cart mounting
Specifications:
Number 3 guided air cap system for most coatin gs.
Number 3 provides .051-inch orifice size. 6 PSI
10.5 AM PS (15 AM P circuit, 110V)
Weight: 22.5 lbs.
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Sherwin-Williams CAPspray 9100 SM IS No. 176-5080
21
The 9100 is the most p owerful portab le turbine system available. It has an
exclusive, 4-stage tangential turbine that p rodu ces the kind of performance
needed to spray continu ously and to atomize coatings with a minimal
amou nt of reduction. Sprays stains, clear coats, lacquers, oil-base, andmu lti-color coatings. Also app lies most w ater-reducible coatings, includ ing
waterborne lacquer and finish-grade latex.
The 9100 offers you versatility, since it mounts d irectly to th e Portable Car t
and uses up to 60 feet of air hose. With the qu iet, paten ted, noise-reduction
system, you can use the 9100 in places where other tu rbine systems would be
too noisy. And the integrated gun holder prevents gun d amage w hen
transporting or storing.
Features:Maxum I spray gun, which includes 1-quart cup with multi-position pick-up tube
Filter warning light tells you when to clean or change air filters
30-foot high-flex air hose
Four-stage tangential by-pass turbine
Int egrated cup holder
Built-in noise reduction system
Specifications: Number 3 guided air cap system for
most coatings. Number 3 provides
.051-inch orifice size.
8 PSI
12.4 AMPS (15 AM P circuit, 110V)
Weight: 23.5 lbs.
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Sherwin-Williams Portable Cart SM IS No. 176-5098
2 2
The Portable Cart is compatible with the 5100, 8100 or 9100 for complete
mobility around job sites. Built-in air comp ressor and 2 1/2-gallon pressure pot
allows fast, continu ous sp raying for larger jobs. Higher fluid PSI results in
faster application rates with the pressure pot.Features:Lightweight construction
Semi-pneumatic tires (no flats)
30-foot fluid hose
Fold-down handle for storage or t ransportin g
Compressor filtered for longer life
Wide cart for better stability
Set-up for the Portable Cart is fast and simple.
1. Convert the spray gun from the Maxum I cup gun to a pressuregun (see cart manual).
2.Mount the cart bracket to the bott om of the turbine as shown in
the diagram on p. 23.
3. Plug turbine power cord into cart outlet.
4. Connect the compressor air hose into the pressure pot inlet.
5.Attach the material hose to the material outlet fitting of
the pressure pot, and to the material inlet of the gun.
6.Attach the turbine air hose to the air outlet fitting of the turbine,
and to the air inlet fitting on the handle of the gun.7. Place up to 2.5 gallons of paint int o the pressure pot.
Note: When using a 1-gallon can in the pressure pot, make sure the pick-up
tube does not bottom out on the can, obstructing the flow of paint to the gun.
In this instance the pick-up tube must be reduced by 1/4''. If using a pot liner,
pour the paint directly int o the liner and secure the pressure pot lid.
8. Plug the cart power cord into a 110-volt power supply. Turn
cart and tu rbine power switches to ON position.
9.Adjust the power regulator to approximately 6 PSI for
light-viscosity materials (lacquers or stains). Use 8 to 15
PSI for heavier paints (enamels to latex).
The correct pressure setting is critical when using the
pressure pot. Always start w ith the lowest p ossible
setting depend ing on you r material viscosity.
The fluid pressu re is adjusted by the regu lator located
on th e lid of the pressu re pot. Turn clockwise for higher
PSI and counter-clockwise for lower PSI.
Materi al Vi sco si ty Gau ge Settin g Flu id Pres su re
Light 3-10
Medium 6-15
Heavy 10-25
Decrease
Increase
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Mounting Models 5100, 8100 or 9100
M ounting a Turbineon Your Car t
Attaching theM ounting Plate
Placing the Turbine
on the Cart
23
Your cart mou nting hard ware includ es two sp ring clips, four screws and a
mou nting plate.
If you r tur bine looks like this:
you w ill need to use the
mounting plate only.
1. Remove the two screws and foot pads from un derneath the tu rbine exhaust
pipe side of the turbine.
2. Insert the screws through th e foot pads and moun ting plate and thread
them in to the hou sing. Tighten securely. Be sure to keep the curved edge of
the plate pointing u p.
1. Insert the curved ed ge of the mounting p late through the slot on the front
edge of the cart base and set the u nit dow n on the cart.
Spring C lip Screw M ounting Plate
Turbine Exhaust Pipe
Foot Pads
Screws
M ounting Plate
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2 4
The 3100 is designed to be u sed in conjunction with any H VLP un it.
It consists of a compressor, two-qu art cup and connecting hoses. A 30-foot air
hose prov ides air from the comp ressor to the two-qua rt cup, and a 6-foot
fluid hose feeds m aterial from th e cup to the gun . Air to the gun is suppliedby the host H VLP turbine.
The 3100 doub les the reservoir capacity of standard HVLP gun s and red uces
arm an d hand fatigue by removing the reservoir from the gu n. This also
provides greater freedom to paint inside cabinets and in other areas.
Features: 2-quart pressure cup assembly
30-foot air hose
6-foot fluid hose
Int egrated cup holder
Can be used with any HV LP unit
Sherwin-Williams CAPspray 3100
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For ordering, ap plication, technical and service informa tion,
Sherwin-Williams store personnel can speak d irectly to SprayTech techn ical
specialists by calling toll free:
1-800-U-CALL-SW (1-800-822-5579)
Contractor custom ers with qu estions concerning ap plications, technical or
service information can call toll free:
1-800-292-4637
The Tough Customer Guarantee is an exclusive in th e spray equ ipment
industry. This maintenance warranty covers all parts and repairs, including
labor, for one year from the d ate of purchase. The contractor simply need s to
send in th e conven ient registration card tha t accomp anies each unit. Store
person nel assist the contractor in completing th e Free-Maintenan ce I.D. card.
Tough Customer
does n ot cover unit clean-up, hoses, filters, check valves,gaskets, projector sets or packings or repairs for m isuse or neglect.
CAPspray also offers a one-year limited warranty covering defects in material
or w orkmanship. See the equipment own ers man ual for details.
Assistance/ Warranty
W hen a CustomerNeeds Help
Tough Customer
Guarantee
2 5
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2 6
Notes
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2 7
Notes
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Notes