cochrane canada plenary 2011, palepu
DESCRIPTION
Dr. Anita Palepu talking about the importance of open access to medical evidence and some of the issues that prevent accessTRANSCRIPT
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An editor’s perspective of the importance ofcredible evidence being open and available
Improving credibility in journal publishing:
Anita Palepu, MD, MPHEditor and Founder of Open MedicineScientist, CHEOSProfessor of Medicine, UBC
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• Editor, Open Medicine
• Associate Editor, General Medicine Annals of Internal Medicine
Disclosures
Cochrane Canada Symposium Plenary | 17 February 2011, Vancouver BC
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• EQUATOR-Network– Importance of standardizing how we present
health research to ensure high quality reporting
• Open Access– Powerful societal movement to remove barriers
to scholarly information• Opportunities to innovate and partner
– Use of wiki to update systematic and scoping reviews
– Social media and broader dissemination
Roadmap
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• To improve the quality of reporting of health research
• CONSORT Statement - for randomized controlled trials• PRISMA - for systematic reviews and meta-analysis• STROBE - for observational studies in epidemiology• STARD - for diagnostic accuracy studies• MOOSE - for meta-analysis of observational studies
Reporting Guidelines
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Current Model of Publishing
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• Medical knowledge is privately owned and available in a timely way only to those who can pay
• Authors lose ownership of their work when sign over copyright to the publisher
• Billions of dollars of taxpayer research funding research seen by small fraction of the intended audience– Cost of annual subscription
to Brain Research is ~$24,000
Current model restricts access
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The journal crisis
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• High profile drug trial can earn up to $1m in reprint sales
• Market leader Elsevier earned adjusted operating profits of $693m/yr euros in 2009, margins of 35% on core journal business
• Medical publishing the fastest growing sub-sector of media industry for past 19 years
Restricted access drives big profits
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• Impedes global research
• Contributes to knowledge gap in developing countries
• Hampers capacity building and collaboration
• Clinicians, patients and health policymakers can’t make decisions based on all the available information
Restricted access does harm
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• In 21st century, we are information-rich
• Easier to access ‘medical evidence’ & exchange information, communicate
• Less expensive to publish online • Fast, or instantaneous
• Global reach• Includes developing countries, global health issues
• Web 2.0 requires two-way ‘social’ interaction, feedback mechanisms
The web changed everything
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•A business model
•Free access
•A replacement for peer review
•Low impact
What open access is not
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Removes barriers to access: • Free, immediate access online
Removes barriers to usage• Unrestricted distribution and re-use • Author retains ownership and rights to attribution• Manuscripts are deposited in a public online
archive (usually full-text and xml [tagged html])
Bethesda Principles, April 2003
What is open access
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Free, unrestrictedunrestricted access
“If you have an apple and I have an apple and we exchange these apples then you and I will have each one apple. But if you have an idea and I have an idea and we exchange these ideas, then each of us have two ideas.”
George Bernard Shaw
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PLoS Image
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Re-mix
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• Taxpayers (patients), policy makers, government
• Clinicians, researchers
• Teachers & students, libraries, librarians
• Learning organizations, universities
• Developing nations
Who benefits from OA?
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• Updating systematic review – using wikis
• Leveraging social media to better disseminate
• Enhancing interactivity
• Disseminating Cochrane content through open access journals – Summaries
– Commentaries and Editorials
Opportunities to innovate and partner
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Open Medicine wiki SR
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Open Medicine wiki SR
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Open Medicine wiki SR
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• Integrity – Important clinical questions are answered using valid methods (Registration and Ethical conduct)
• Transparency – These results are reported using the best available reporting guidelines to ensure reproducibility
• Accountability – These findings are made open access to ensure widest dissemination to users and opportunities for data mining and derivative work
Credible Evidence Base