Code of Practice

for the prevention of waterpollution

from the storage and handlingof fluid fertilisers

The Fertiliser Manufacturers Association

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This Code of Practice is published andrecommended by the FertiliserManufacturers Association. The informationin the Code is given in good faith and beliefin its accuracy, but does not imply theacceptance of any legal liability orresponsibility whatsoever, by the Associationor by individual members of the Associationfor the consequences of its use or misuse orin any particular circumstances

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Code of Practice

for the prevention of waterpollution

from the storage and handlingof fluid fertilisers

Produced in consultation with the

Environment Agency England

Environment Agency Wales

Scottish Environment Protection Agency Environment and

Heritage Service Northern Ireland

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PrefaceIf you are a manufacturer, supplier.haulier or user of fluid fertilisers you arehandling materials which, if spilled inquantity, can be very damaging to thewater environment. This Code of Practicehas been drawn up to help you to reducethe risk of causing water pollution as aresult of losing fluid fertiliser from storagefacilities, whether at site of manufacture,during transfer, or at the farm.There is clear economic benefit to supplierand user alike in reducing losses, whetherfrom accidental spillage, poor managementpractices or vandalism. Any of these couldresult in water pollution which could haveserious consequences, both legal andfinancial. The costs of pollution clean-upand any fish restocking for example wouldbe charged to the polluter.

With some forethought and planning foremergencies you should be able to answerthe question: ‘What would be theconsequences of a major spillage of fluidfertiliser at your site?’

You must know your site and thesurrounding drainage system and what todo and how to react to an accident oremergency so as to minimise the chancesof causing pollution. Preplanning isessential so that you avoid having to dealwith a real incident unprepared.

Pollution of surface waters by fertiliser is aserious matter but at least it is possible tomonitor it directly and carry out remedialaction, albeit at some cost. If groundwateris contaminated because a major spillageof fluid fertiliser onto the ground isallowed to soak away it is impossible tomonitor the effects except by costlytechniques

and it may be impossible to remedy.Pollution of groundwater is potentiallyvery serious because this water can beused extensively for public drinking watersupplies and for industrial and agriculturaluse. The Environment Agencies’ haveidentified all groundwater resources andhave specific policies for the protection ofsources through the control of activitiesand development in close proximity tosource extraction boreholes.

Groundwater resources and extractionboreholes are valuable and expensiveassets. It is essential that those producingor storing fluid fertilisers are aware of thevulnerability of nearby groundwatersources so that this can be taken intoaccount when siting storage facilities anddrawing up emergency plans. Theobjective must be to ensure that pollutionis prevented and that in the event of amajor spillage, fluid fertiliser is notallowed to soak through the soil directly orby way of drains and soakaways in thesevulnerable areas.

If you require further more specificinformation about the sensitivity of yoursite with respect to the water environmentthe Environment Agencies are alwayspleased to offer advice. The Fertiliser Manufacturers Associationalso publishes a Code of Practice for thePrevention of Water Pollution from theStorage and Handling of Solid Fertilisers. * Environment Agency England Environment Agency Wales Scottish Environment Protection Agency Environment and Heritage Service Northern Ireland

April 1998.

Contents

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Part 1 Users Page nos1.1 Introduction 6

1.2. Definitions 7

1.3. General Principles 7

1.4. Siting of Fluid Fertiliser Storage Tanks, Lagoons or Bowsers 7

1.5. Fluid Fertiliser Storage 8

1.6. Deliveries and Transfers 9

Part 2 Suppliers2.1. Introduction 10

2.2. Definitions 10

2.3. General Principles 11

2.4. Within—Site Containment 11

2.5. Raw Material and Intermediate Product Storage 11

2.6. Fluid Fertiliser Storage, Tank Stores 11

2.7. Fluid Fertiliser Storage, Lagoons 12

2.8. Maintenance and Inspection 12

2.9. Distribution 12

2.10. Fertiliser Application Contractors 13

2.11. Incident Management and Reporting 13

2.12. Farm User Support 13

2.13. Training 13

Appendices1. Sources of Information 14

Environment Agencies - Addresses and Telephone Numbers 14

2. Primary Legislation and Regulations 15

3. Emergency Procedures for Tanker Drivers and Users:Aqueous Ammonia 16

Emergency Procedures for Tanker Drivers and Users:Fluid Fertilisers, excluding Aqueous Ammonia 17

4. Sample Product Safety Data Sheets for Fluid Fertilisers 18

5. Transport Emergency (TREM) Card, Aqueous Ammonia 25

PART 1 - USERS

Fluid Fertilisers can be applied to the field veryaccurately, thereby avoiding unwanted andpotentially damaging applications to hedgebottoms or ditches. As with all nutrient sources

including solid fertilisers and organic manuresand wastes, care must be taken with theirstorage, transfer and transportation. Detailedguidelines are given but attention is drawn to sixmain points: -

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•••• Fixed or mobile stores must be sited with care,

•••• Any spillage which occurs must be properlydealt with to avoid pollution,

•••• Stores, valves and pipework must be properlymaintained and inspected and records kept,

•••• Bowers or tankers must have their hatches/lids securely closed before being moved,

•••• Valves must be secured so that they can onlybe opened by authorised personnel,

•••• Have a spillage contingency plan. Know whatto do in an emergency.

1.1 Introduction

1.1.1 This ‘Code of Practice for the Prevention ofWater Pollution from the Storage and Handling ofFluid Fertilisers, (Part 1, [Users])’ (referred toherein as the ‘Code’) is a practical guide to help usersavoid loss or spillage of Fluid fertiliser which couldcause water pollution.

1.1.2 This Code is without prejudice to any legalobligations safety requirements or other codes ofpractice.

1.1.3, Following this Code is not a defence againsta charge of causing pollution, although it shouldreduce the chance of pollution occurring.

1.1.4 Users should ensure that they carry adequateinsurance cover against liability for pollution.

1.1.5 This Code does not cover guidance for theappropriate use of Fluid Fertilisers and referenceshould be made to the Codes of Good AgriculturalPractice (MAFF - England and Wales), Preventionof Environmental Pollution from AgriculturalActively (SOAFED - Scotland), and TheCountryside Management Code (DANI -NorthernIreland), and also to published fertiliserrecommendations. To obtain further advice withrespect to the proper use of fluid fertilisers contacta professionally qualified adviser, as registeredunder FACTS (Fertiliser Advisers Certification andTraining Scheme) (see Appendix 1).

1.1.6 This Code has been drawn up in consultationwith the

Environment Agency England, theEnvironment Agency Wales, the ScottishEnvironment Protection Agency andEnvironment and Heritage ServiceNorthern Ireland. (The Environment Agencies)(see Appendix 1)

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1.2 Definitions

For the purposes of this Code, the term:—

1.2.1 ‘User’ shall mean farmers, growers,application contractors and all those organisationsor individuals responsible for the end-use of Fluidfertilisers. Delivery and transportation on the publichighway is covered in Part 2 of this Code.

1.2.2 ‘Fluid Fertiliser’ shall include all solutionfertilisers (otherwise known as liquid fertilisers),suspension fertilisers and aqueous ammoniasolutions not exceeding 34% ammonia. Organic—based fluids containing plant nutrients, such asfarm slurries, sewage sludges or other effluents, areexpressly excluded.

1.2.3 ‘Watercourse’ shall include all surfacewaters whether coastal waters, estuaries,lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, canals andfield ditches (even when dry).

1.2.4 ‘Groundwater’ shall be defined as waterwhich is below the surface of the ground in thesaturation zone and in direct contact with theground and/or water held in underground rockformations (aquifers). For the purposes of thisCode it is considered that pollution of Groundwatercould result from incidents occurring where suchaquifers outcrop at or near the soil surface. oroccurring within a minimum of 50 metres of awater abstraction borehole, or where no protectionof the underlying water exists e.g. where there aresoakaways, swallow holes or quarries.

1.2.5 ‘Major Spillage’ shall refer to a spillage ofFluid Fertiliser which cannot be controlled and/orwhich involves significant loss of the spillagecausing pollution of a Watercourse or ofGroundwater.

1.2.6 ‘Supplier’ shall refer to the manufacturer,distributor, merchant, haulier or other organisationor individual who supplies the User with FluidFertiliser.

1.3 General Principles

1.3.1 All procedures, equipment and installationsshould be designed to avoid any spillage of FluidFertilisers.

1.3.2 In the event of such spillage, appropriate

to prevent the pollution of Watercourses orGroundwater.

1.3.3 Frequent inspections and regular maintenanceshould be made of all pipework, valves, tanks,bowsers, lagoons, hard-standing, bunds (ifprovided) and security systems to minimise the riskof accidental leakage or failure. Records should bekept of this maintenance and inspection

1.4 Siting of Fluid Fertiliser Storage Tanks,Lagoons and Bowsers

1.4.1 Suitable siting of storage tanks, lagoons andbowsers is critical to avoiding potential pollution ofWatercourses or Groundwater in the event of aspillage.

1.4.2 Good, well-constructed vehicular access forlarge delivery and off-take vehicles is essential.

1.4.3 It should not be assumed that existing sitesare correctly sited, even if no pollution problemshave arisen. Ideally no site should extend to within10 metres of a Watercourse. This requirementshould certainly apply to new sites.

1.4.4 Existing sites and preferably all new sitesshould be in areas where groundwater vulnerabilityis low and not in highly sensitive areas. Sensitiveareas are in the proximity of boreholes, wells,springs, aquifer outcrops. soakaways, swallowholes, quarries or within 50 metres of abstractionfor potable supply. For further guidance ongroundwater protection contact the appropriateEnvironment Agency, (see Appendix 1).

1.4.5 Where permanent storage tanks areunavoidably sited in a high-risk position, seriousconsideration should be given to the provision ofappropriate bunding, (see Appendix 1).

1.4.6 Consideration should be given as to whereany spilled Fluid Fertiliser would flow in the eventof an accident during loading or unloading, or if thestore were to develop a leak or be vandalised. Thetotal potential spillage must be capable ofcontainment in an un-drained area. Where suchareas are on the outcrop of an aquifer, thepermeability of the un-drained area and need toprotect Groundwater must be considered.

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1.4.7 The potential route of any escaping FluidFertiliser should be channeled to a suitable un—drained area by means of permanent soil banksand/or kerbs where necessary. Care should be takento prevent any spilled Fluid Fertiliser from runningdown a road and thus into drains. Soil is a betterand more absorbent temporary barrier than sand.

1.4.8 Care needs to be taken in every case with theappropriate siting of mobile tankers or bowsers.Mobile tanks and bowsers should be sited so as tominimise the risk of any spillage of Fluid Fertiliserentering a Watercourse or Groundwater, eventhough such siting may be only temporary.

1.4.9 No Fluid Fertiliser shall be received intobowsers supported on parking legs unless theselegs are resting on made—up roadway or concreteof known and adequate thickness, or are resting ona support of suitable size and thickness, to supportthe loaded weight of the bowser without it sinkinginto the ground and becoming unstable.

1.4.l0 The farmer has a responsibility to considerand advise on the correct siting of any tankers orbowsers, including those supplied by a haulier orapplication contractor The farmer should includeconsideration of the location of surface waterdrains and land drains. Farmers must take care toensure that when laden tankers or bowsers arebeing moved on their property they are not drivenso close to a Watercourse or causeway that thebank is unable to support the weight

1.4.11 Fluid Fertiliser stores should be sited awayfrom public access to minimise the risk ofvandalism, with the outlet(s) securely locked orinoperable when unattended. The stores should bemade as secure as feasible, with considerationgiven to deterrent lighting.

1.5 Fluid Fertiliser Storage

1.5.1 Fluid Fertilisers may be stored in suitableabove-ground tanks. They should not be stored inunsupported flexible containers.

1.5.2 Permanently sited tanks and their fittingsshould be fit for the purpose, should be of asuitable material resistant to corrosion and shouldbe sited on a base or footing designed to supportthe weight of the full store.

1.5.3 The outside of steel tanks should he protectedagainst corrosion with a suitable paint

1 .5.4 Mobile tanks or bowsers should be fit fan thepurpose a old should be of a suitable materialresistant to corrosion. All hatches should navecovers which provide a watertight seal whenclosed1. No laden mobile tank or bowser should bemoved unless all hatches, lids and valves arcsecurely closed.

1.5.5 All outlet/inlet valve(s) and sighttubes/gauges should be positioned or protected sothat they are not vulnerable to vandalism o raccidental damage, particularly from passingvehicles All valves should be inoperable whenunattended, and on bunded tanks should be whollywithin the bund. Sight tube valves should be fitted,and closed when not in use.

1.5.6 With the exception of aqueous ammonia,Fluid Fertilisers may be stored in lagoons so t a lilydesigned and constructed with impermeable wallsand floor, (see Appendix 1, CIRIA report).

1.5.7 Users should conduct a thorough, formal andrecorded check of all tanks, bowsers and lagoons atleast once a year, in addition to normal everydayobservation, for damage or corrosion which mightgive rise to leakage or failure. Appropriatemeasures should he taken to repair the storage ifnecessary and records kept of all inspections andrepairs. Advice on inspection and maintenanceshould be sought from the Supplier of the FluidFertiliser.

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1.6 Deliveries and Transfers

1.6.1 A tanker driver delivering Fluid Fertiliser,who considers the condition of the store, valves,pipework, access or siting inappropriate, maybepermitted to refuse to off-load the delivery.

1.6.2 The User should be satisfied that the Supplierof Fluid Fertiliser is operating in with this Code,Part 2, [Suppliers], and has drawn up adequateemergency procedures for use in the event of aMajor Spillage occurring during Fluid Fertilisertransfer onto farm. The Users should ensure thatthey are able to assist as necessary to contain anyspillage and to avoid pollution of Watercourses orGroundwater (see Appendices 3 and 4).

1.6.3 The User should draw up procedures for usein the event of a Major Spillage occurring on farmat times other than during delivery by the SupplierThese procedures (see Appendices 3 and 4), mayinvolve the assistance of the Supplier and theEnvironment Agencies.

1.6.4 The User should ensure that, if FluidFertiliser is to be delivered into a mobile bowser orroad tanker supported on parking legs, these legsare resting on a made-up roadway or concrete ofknown and adequate thickness, or on a support ofsuitable size and thickness, to carry the loadedweight of the bowser without it sinking into theground and becoming unstable.

1.6.5 All hatches, lids and valves should besecurely closed before tankers or bowsers aremoved, and valves should be inoperable or lockedwhen unattended.

1.6.6 Tanks or bowsers should not be filled tocapacity, so as to allow for the expansion ofcontents in warm weather

1.6.7 While ideally Users should be present duringdeliveries, they should ensure that, in their absence,the delivery tanker driver is able to operate allrelevant valves so that they can nevertheless remainin—operable before and after delivery.

1.6.8 The person undertaking any transfer of FluidFertiliser must be aware of all relevant proceduresand be capable of taking appropriate action in theevent of an incident. They shall remain present atall times during the transfer of fluid fertiliser.

Part 2 - Suppliers

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2.1 Introduction

2.1.1 This ‘Code of Practice for the Prevention ofWater Pollution from the Storage and Handling ofFluid Fertilisers, (Part 2

[Suppliers])’ [here-inafter referred to as the ‘Code’)is a practical guide for the prevention of waterpollution to help all those involved with FluidFertilisers.

2.1.2 This Code is without prejudice to any otherlegal obligations, safety requirements or codes ofpractice.

2.1.3 Following this Code is not a defence against acharge of causing pollution, although it shouldreduce the chance of pollution occurring.

2.1.4 Suppliers should ensure that they carryadequate insurance cover against liability forpollution. Special policies which coverEnvironmental Impairment Liability are available,(for example through the Chemical IndustriesAssociation: the ‘CIA Environmental impairmentLiability Insurance Facility’, CEILIF).

2.1.5 This Code does not cover guidance for theappropriate use of Fluid Fertilisers, andreferenceshould be made to the Codes of Good AgriculturalPractice (MAFF -. England and Wales), Preventionof Environmental Pollution from AgriculturalActivity (SGAEFD - Scotland), and TheCountryside Management Code (DANI - NorthernIreland), and also to published fertiliserrecommendations (Refs: see Appendix 1).

2.1.6 This Code has been drawn up in consultationwith the Environment Agency England, theEnvironment Agency Wales, the ScottishEnvironment Protection Agency and theEnvironment and Heritage Service NorthernIreland.

2.2 Definitions

For the purposes of this Code, the term:—

2.2.1 ‘Supplier’ shall be defined as including al!manufacturers, importers, distributors, merchants,hauliers and any other organisation or individualwho stores or handles Fluid fertilisers, exceptingthe end—using farmer, grower or applicationcontractor.

2.2.2 ‘Fluid Fertiliser' shall be defined asincluding all solution fertilisers [otherwise knownas liquid fertilisers), suspension fertilisers andaqueous ammonia solutions not exceeding 340/uammonia. Organic-based fluids containing plantnutrients such as farm slurries, sewage sludges orother effluents are expressly excluded.

2.2.3 ‘Watercourses’ shall be defined as includingall service waters whether coastal waters, estuaries,lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, canals and fieldditches (even when dry).

2.2.4 ‘Groundwater’ shall be defined as waterwhich is below the surface of the ground in thesaturation zone and in direct contact with theground and/or water held in underground rockformations (aquifers). For the purposes of thisCode it is considered that pollution of Groundwatercould result from incidents occurring where suchaquifers outcrop at or near the soil surface, oroccurring within 50 metres of a water abstractionborehole.

2.2.5 ‘Site’ shall be the premises operated by theSupplier for the manufacture and/or storage and/orsupply of Fluid Fertilisers.

2.2.6 ‘Major Spillage’ shall be defined as aspillage which cannot be controlled and/or whichinvolves significant loss of the spillage causingpollution of a Watercourse or of Groundwater

2.3 General Principles

2.3.1 All procedures and installations shall bedesigned to avoid the loss of Fluid Fertiliser fromprimary containment.2.3.2 In the event of a loss from primarycontainment occurring on the Site procedures andinstallations shall be designed to prevent the escape

of the fertiliser to the surrounding environment.This containment shall hereinafter be called'Within-;Site Containment' and be described as'WSC'.2.3.3 In the (event of a loss of containmentoccurring off the Site, procedures shall be designedto prevent the pollution of Watercourses orGroundwater.

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2.3.4 The Site should be protected from access byunauthorised persons.

2.4 Within Containment, WSC2.4.1 To provide protection from potentialpollution of the surrounding environment it isnecessary o contain the occasional spillages thatmay occur in the storage and transfer of rawmaterials, intermediates and finished product. Tothis end, a WSC system should be designed for thecollection and recovery of all liquid includingrainwater from working surfaces This would entailcollecting all surface water from those areas of theSite used for process, storage, handling and transferand containing 'tin suitable storage (referred to inthis Code as the 'Site-water Storage').2.4.2 The Site-water Storage shall be of a sufficientcapacity to contain all the liquid from events suchas exceptional heavy rainfall or failure of storage.If the surface water is channeled to a sump orditch(es) for pumping to the Site- water Storage,then the capacity of the sump or ditch(es) and thepump shall be adequate for these exceptionalevents.2.4.3 Containment ditches and bankssupplementary to the WSC may be required to giveemergency protection to surrounding land or off-site surface drains or Watercourses. If the Site isunder-drained these drains should discharge to thecontainment ditches. Polluted water from allditches should be able to be pumped to the Site-water Storage.

2.4.4 Contingency plans should be drawn up toensure that secondary containment is notjeopardised through the failure of a part of thesystem, such as a pump.2.4.5 All working surfaces within the WSC shouldbe constructed to specifications which preventdamage by vehicular traffic, loading shovels ordemounted loaded road tankers etc., which coulddamage the impermeability of the working surfaceor affect its strength or stability.

2.5 Raw Material and Intermediate ProductStorage2.5.1 Liquid raw materials and intermediates,excluding phosphoric acid and anhydrousammonia, shall be stored as indicated for finishedFluid Fertilisers, Section 2.6.2.5.2 Phosphoric acid should be stored inappropriate tank(s), which should be located withina specifically bonded area, the bond beingimpermeable, appropriately constructed andcapable of retaining a volume of either 110% of thevolume of the largest tank or 250/n of the total tankvolume, whichever is the greater, (see Appendix 1).2.5.3 Anhydrous ammonia should be stored inappropriate tanks (see Appendix 1).2.5.4 Solid raw materials should be stored on animpermeable surface within the WSC.

2.6 Fluid Fertiliser Storage. Tank Stores2.6.1 Bunding of individual or groups of FluidFertiliser storage tanks is not required if the tanksare within the WSC. However if individual tanksare bunded, then this bund shall be impermeable,strongly constructed ant capable of retaining 110%of the capacity of the tank. If more than one tank isto he included within the bund, then theimpermeable bond shall be capable of retaining110% of the capacity of the largest tank, or 25% ofthe total capacity of all the tanks, whichever is thegreater, (see Appendix 1).2.6.2 Tanks and fittings should be of a suitablematerial resistant to corrosion and tanks should besited on a base or footings designer to support theirweight when full.

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2.6.3 Valves, pipework and sight tubes should bepositioned or protected so that they are notvulnerable to accidental damage, particularly frompassing vehicles. On bunded tanks they must bewholly within the bund.2.6.4 The outside of steel tanks should he protectedagainst corrosion with a suitable paint.2.6.5 All tanks should be regularly inspected (atleast once a year) for damage or corrosion whichmight give rise to leakage or failure, andappropriate measures taken. All inspections andany remedial actions should be recorded.

2.7 Fluid Fertiliser Storage, Lagoons2.7.1 Fluid Fertilisers other than aqueous ammoniamay be stored in lagoons suitably designed andtested and constructed with impermeable walls andfloor, (Ref: Appendix 1, CIRIA Report)2.7.2 All lagoons should be regularly inspected (atleast once a year) for damage or rupture of the linerwhich could give rise to leakage an(l appropriateaction taken to repair the liner or fittings asnecessary. All inspections and any remedial actionsshould be recorded.2.7.3 When lagoon liners are replaced or new orreplacement lagoons constructed, the opportunityshould he taken to include a suitable system ofdrainage pipes under the primary liner These drainsshould discharge into a catchpot/sump outside thelagoon wall which can be emptied to the Site-waterStorage. This drainage system will allow samplingto detect leakage and permit any leaked FluidFertiliser to he recovered.2.7.4 If the lagoon is constructed on relativelyimpermeable clay soil these drains may he laid inthe clay under the primary liner but if the lagoon ison free-draining soil then a secondary impermeablemembrane should be laid under the drains.2.7.5 It is preferable for input and output pipeworkto pass over the lagoon wall rather than through theliner as this reduces the possibility of leakage.2.7.6 The lagoon should he designed so that, afterallowing for rainfall, there is a sufficient freeboard.

2.8 Maintenance and Inspection2.8.1 A schedule of Maintenance and InspectionProcedures should be drawn up, so that regularchecks are made of the integrity of all plant,pipework, storage facilities, roadways, bunding andsecurity systems to minimise the risk of accidentalleakage or failure.2.8.2 Records should be kept of all suchMaintenance and Inspection of actions taken

2.9 Distribution2.9.1 On-Site loading procedures should beestablished to prevent accidental spillage fromvalves, pipework or overfilling.2.9.2 Emergency procedures should he drawn up sothat appropriate actions are taken by the Supplierand the road tanker driver in the event of a roadtraffic or other accident occurring in transit, (seeAppendix 3).2.9.3 Emergency procedures should be drawn upfor use in the event of a Major Spillage occurringduring Fluid Fertiliser transfer or farm to ensurethat appropriate actions are taken to contain thespillage and prevent any pollution of a Watercourseor Groundwater, (see Appendix 3).2.9.4 Emergency procedures drawn up to minimiseany polluting effects of spillage of Fluid Fertiliserin transit or during delivery should includearrangements for reserve tankers to recoverpolluted waters from Watercourses where possible.2.9.5 Procedures for the delivery to farm and off-loading of Fluid Fertiliser should be drawn up forthe guidance of tanker drivers. These proceduresshould include instruction that the Fluid Fertiliserbe transferred in such a way that spillage whichcould lead to pollution does not occur, that hatchesand valves he securely closed at all times whenbeing moved and that valves be inoperable whenunattended.2.9.6 The tanker driver should be instructed torefuse to offload the Fluid Fertiliser if he considersthe storage and/or transfer conditions inappropriate.reference should be made to the Code of Practicefor the Prevention of Water Pollution from theStorageand Handling of Fluid Fertilisers (Part 1[Users])' for guidance on appropriate on-farmstorage.

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2.9.7 All hatches and valves should be securelyclosed before tankers are moved and valves ofladen tankers or bowsers be inoperable whenunattended2.9.8 The person undertaking any transfer of FluidFertiliser must be aware of all relevant proceduresand be capable of taking appropriate action in theevent of an incident. they shall remain present at alltimes during the transfer of Fluid Fertiliser.2.9.9 Tanks or bowsers should not be filled tocapacity, so as to allow for the expansion of thecontents in warm weather.

2.10 Fertiliser Application Contractors2.10.1 Procedures should be drawn up for thedelivery of Fluid Fertiliser for the use of fertiliserapplication contractors. As part of these proceduresthe delivery tanker drivers should be satisfied thatthe receiving store is in a fit condition, has thenecessary spare capacity to receive the load,allowing for expansion of contents and, takingaccount of any nearby Watercourse is appropriatelysited before off-loading, The delivery drivers mayrefuse delivery if in their opinion the storage and/crtransfer conditions are inappropriate. Referenceshould be made to Guidelines for the Prevention ofWater Pollution from the Storage and Handling ofFluid Fertilisers, (Part 1 [Users]).2.10.2 If Fluid Fertiliser is transferred on farm foruse by fertiliser application contractors this is ofteninto mobile bowsers which may be supported onparking legs designed for the purpose2.10.3 No Fluid Fertiliser should be delivered intobowsers or tankers supported on parking legsunless; these legs are resting on made-up roadwayor concrete of known and adequate thickness or areresting on a support of suitable size and thickness,to carry the loaded weight of the bowser without itsinking into ground and becoming unstable.2.10.4 Emergency procedures should be drawn upas detailed in Section 2.9 above,2.10.5 All hatches and valves should be securelyclosed before tankers are moved and valves ofladen tankers or bowsers should be inoperablewhen unattended.

2.10.6 The person undertaking any delivery ortransfer of Fluid Fertiliser must be aware of allrelevant procedures and be capable of takingappropriate action in the event of an incident. Theyshall remain present at all times during transfer ofFluid Fertiliser

2.11 Incident Management and Reporting2.11.1 Having drawn up the procedures requiredfor the management of spillage resulting from aroad traffic or other accident in transit, ormanagement of a Major Spillage on farm, theSupplier should ensure that all the necessary andagreed resources are available. The proceduresshould include the appointment of a responsibleperson to co-ordinate the management andreporting of the incident.2.11.2 The Supplier should ensure that records arekept of all reported incidents involving spillageresulting from a road traffic or other accident intransit and from any Major Spillages occurring onfarm.2.11.3 Report any incident of environmentalpollution by contacting the appropriateEnvironment Agency immediately. (For emergencytelephone numbers see Appendix 1).

2.12 Farm User SupportThe Supplier should provide advice and assistanceto their end—user customers and contractorsto encourage an awareness of the importance ofcareful storage, handling and use of FluidFertilisers with respect to the prevention ofpollution. Attention should be drawn to the 'Codeof Practice for the Prevention of Water Pollutionfrom the Storage and Handling of Fluid Fertilisers,(Part 1 [Users]).

2.13 TrainingSuppliers should ensure that all employees andsubcontractors involved in the manufacture,storage, sale, distribution and application of FluidFertilisers are adequately informed about theappropriate procedures designed to avoid thepollution of Watercourses and Groundwater.

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Appendix 1

Sources of InformationCode of Good Agricultural Practice for the Protection ofWater, MAFF/WOAD, 1991, (Rev) 1998 PB 0587

Code of Good Agricultural Practice for the Protection ofAir, MAFFIWOAD, 1992, (Rev) 1998 PB 0818

Code of Good Agricultural Practice for the Protection ofSoil, MAFF/WOAD, 1993, (Rev) 1998 PB 0617

Prevention of Environmental Pollution from AgriculturalActivity, Scottish Office, (SOAEFD) 1997

Countryside Management Code, 'Prevention of Pollution ofWater, No.9 Fertilisers, DANI, 1991,(Northern Ireland), Dd 088158

Fertiliser Recommendations for Agricultural andHorticultural Crops, MAFF Reference Book 209(England, Wales and Northern Ireland) (6th Edition), 1994,The Stationery Office, ISBN 0 11 242935 1

SAC Technical Notes: Fertiliser Series Only available toSAC Subscribers (Scotland)

Fertiliser Recommendations (Northern Ireland), DANI.1992, No 187

CIRIA Report No: 126, Farm Waste Storage —Guidelines for Construction. P A Mason, ISBN 0 60173526

Code of Practice for Design of Concrete Structures forRetaining Aqueous Liquids, 858007,1987.851,2 ParkSt London, W1A 2BS

Guidance on the Bunding of Bulk Chemical StorageVessels, HSE Special Inspector Reports, No 39, Bugler et al,HSE Information Centre, Broad Lane, Sheffield 53 7H0

Policy and Practice for the Protection of Groundwater, TheStationery Office: ISBN 01885822x) 1992, withaccompanying Groundwater Vulnerability maps

Recommendations for Safe Storage and Handling of WetProcess Phosphoric Acid, (Phosphoric Acid Produced fromSulphuric Acid), 1990, EFMA, Avenue E Van Nieuewenhuyse4, Ste 7, B-1160, Brussels

Storage of Anhydrous Ammonia Under Pressure in the UnitedKingdom, HS/G 30, The Stationery Office

Hazardous Properties of Ammonia, 1990, EFMA, Avenue E.Van Nieuewenhuyse 4, Bte 7, B—li 60, Brussels

Code of Practice For the Prevention of Water Pollution From theStorage and Handling of Solid Fertilisers, FMA, 1998

Guidance for the Compilation of Safety Data Sheets forFertilizer Materials 1996 EFMA

THE FACTS OFFICE34 St John StreetAshbourneDerbyshire DES 1GHTel: 01335 343945

THE ENVIRONMENT AGENCIESEnvironment Agency England - Free emergencytelephone number: 0800 807060

Head OfficeRivers HouseWaterside DriveAztec WestAlmondsburyBristol BS10 4UDTel: 01454 624400

North West Richard Fairclough House Knutsford RoadWarrington WA4 1 HG Tel: 01925 653999

North East Rivers House 21 Park Square South Leeds LS1 206 Tel: 01132440191

MidlandsSapphire East 550 Streetsbrook Road Solihull West Midlands B91 lOT Tel: 01217 112324

Environment Agency WalesAsiantaeth yr AmgylcheddFree emergency telephone numb

Rivers House St Mellons Business Park St Mellons Cardiff CF3 OLT Tel: 01222 770088

Scottish Environment ProtectioFree emergency telephone numb

Head OfficeErskine Court The Castle Business Park Stirling FK9 4TR Tel: 01786457700

NorthGraesser HouseFodderty Way Dingwall Business Park Dingwall IV15 9XB Tel: 01349 862021

Environment and Heritage Service Free emergency telephone number:Dept of the Environment for NICalvert House23 Castle PlaceBelfast BT1 1FY

Tel: 01232 254868

AnglianKingfisher HouseGoldhay WayOrton GoldhayPeterboroughPE2 SZRTel: 01733 371811

South WestManley HouseKestrel WayExeter EX2 7L0Tel: 01392 444000

SouthernGuildbourne HouseChatsworth RoadWorthingWest Sussex BN11Tel: 01903 820692

ThamesKings Meadow HouseKings Meadow RoadReading RG1 8DQTel: 01189 535000

er: 0800 807060

Plas-yr-AfonParc Busnes LlaneilrwgHeol FortrenCaerdydd CF3 OLT

n Agencyer: 0345 732271

EastClearwater HouseHeriot-Watt Research ParkAvenue North, RiccartonEdinburgh EH144APTel: 01314 497296

West5 Redwood CresentPeel ParkEast Kilbride 674 5PPTel: 01355 574200

Northern Ireland 01232 757414

15

Appendix 2 - Regulations

Primary Legislation

Agriculture Act 1970Consumer Protection Act 1987Control of Pollution Act 1974, as amendedEnvironmental Protection Act 1990Water Resources Act (England and Wales) 1991Water Act (Northern Ireland)*

*In revision

Regulations

Control of Substances Hazardous to HealthRegulations 19994. S I No 437

Environmental Protection (Prescribed Processes &Substances) Regulations 1991 as amended, S I No472

The Carriage of Dangerous Goods (Classification,Packaging and Labelling) andUse of Transportable Pressure ReceptaclesRegulations, 1996, S I No 2092

The Carriage of Dangerous Goods by RoadRegulations, 1996, S I No 2095

The Fertilisers Regulations 1991, as amended, SINo 2197

The Transport of Dangerous Goods (SafetyAdvisers) Regulations 1999 S I No 257

Copies of all the above can be obtainedfrom The Stationery Office

16

Appendix 3 - Emergency Procedures

EXAMPLES:

for tanker drivers and users -AQUEOUS AMMONIA

In the event of an accident involving a laden tankeror bowser which results in a MAJOR spillage ofaqueous ammonia (i.e. one in which the spillagecannot be controlled and/or which involvessignificant spillage to Watercourse or potentially toGroundwater), the following steps must be taken:

1. Immediately raise the alarm in order to notify thePolice and Fire Brigade of the spillage. (Somethought must be given to the method of raising thealarm to avoid leaving the site unattended). UseCB, in-cab telephone or get passers-by to telephoneon your behalf, taking care to give them the correctinformation to pass on to the Emergency Services.Only leave the site of the spillage to telephoneprovided the area can be made reasonably safe,

On notifying Police and Fire Brigade, give the:

-location of the spillage,-type of material spilled, stressing it is-Aqueous Ammonia, not Anhydrous Ammonia,-approximate amount of material involved,-emergency number on the Hazchem Label 2P2672,-emergency telephone No. of supplier of theAqueous Ammonia.

Tel No……………………………………………

2. Ask the Police/Fire Brigade to notify theappropriate Environment Agency:

Environment Agency England, EnvironmentAgency Wales, Scottish EnvironmentProtection Agency or Environment andHeritage Service Northern Ireland.

Tel No……………………………………………

3. Wear protective clothing and stay up-wind.Remain at (or return to) the location until theEmergency Services arrive. Keep members of thepublic away from the area.

4. As soon as possible after alerting the EmergencyServices notify your own employer and the supplierof the Aqueous Ammonia, if not already informed.

5. Ensure that no oxy-acetylene cutting equipmentis used on or near the tanker or bowser. This alsoapplies to tankers or bowsers which have beenemptied of Aqueous Ammonia but not yet washedout.

6. Discuss with the Emergency Services/Environment Agencies the possible need to protector dam any nearby Watercourse to ensurecontainment of the spillage and any wash-downwater used.

In the event of a MINOR spillage such as a leakinghose or valve the procedure should be as follows:

-respirators and gloves must be worn,-stop the leak,-douse liberally with water, without run-off toWatercourse,-effect repair if possible or informemployer/supplier-inform the farmer of the occurrence.

17

for tanker drivers and users -

FLUID FERTILISERS, EXCLUDINGAQUEOUS AMMONIA.

In the event of an incident involving a laden tankeror bowser which results in a MAJOR spillage ofFluid Fertiliser other than aqueous ammonia (i.e.one in which the spillage is significant and/orcannot be contained), the following steps must betaken:

On the public highway:

1. If the spillage occurs on a public highway,perhaps as the result of a road traffic accident,immediately raise the alarm in order to notify thePolice and Fire Brigade of the spillage. (Somethought must be given to the method of raising thealarm to avoid leaving the site unattended). UseCB, in-cab telephone or get passers-by to telephoneon your behalf, taking care to give them the correctinformation to pass on to the Emergency Services.Only leave the site of the spillage to telephoneprovided the area can be made reasonably safe.

When notifying Police and Fire Brigade, give the:location of the spillage,type of material spilled,approximate quantity of material involved,emergency Hazchem description, i.e.: 1Z Non-Hazardous.

2. Ask the Police/Fire Brigade to notify theappropriate Environment Agency:

-Environment Agency England, Environment-Agency Wales, Scottish Environment-Protection Agency or Environment and-Heritage Service Northern Ireland.

Tel No……………………………………………

3. Remain at (or return to) the location until theEmergency Services arrive.

4. As soon as possible after alerting the EmergencyServices notify your own employer and the supplierof the fertiliser.

Tel No……………………………………………

5. Discuss with the Emergency Services/Environment Agencies the possible need to protector dam any nearby Watercourse to ensurecontainment of the spillage/wash down water

On the farmers property,(tanker, bowser or storage tank):

Immediately contact the supplier of the fertiliser,the farmer and your employer and request that theappropriate Environment Agency be informed.Remain on site until released by the fertilisersupplier/your employer Take appropriate action tominimise the spillage and to prevent the pollutionof Watercourses/Groundwater, perhaps using earthbarriers/dams.

In the event of a MINOR spillage such as a leakinghose or valve the procedure should be as follows:

wearing goggles and gloves, stop the leak,where practicable contain the spillage and mop itup,effect repair if possible or informemployer/supplier

TelNo…………………………………………

…

Appendix 4 - Product Safety Data Sheets Sample Product Safety Data sheets for Fluid Fertilisers

PSDS GROUP 9 PRODUCT

FMA PRODUCT SAFETY DATA SHEET - GROUP 9

INTRODUCTION

This Product Safety Data Sheet applies exclusively to productsmanufactured or marketed by members of the FertiliserManufacturers Association. It does not apply to any other product ofsimilar name or nature. The products covered will be clearlyidentified by the name of the marketer and/or manufacturer on theassociated labels and/or documents. Qualifying product will bemarked as follows:

1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE PRODUCT AND THECOMPANY

1.1 Identification of the Product

Products in Group 9 are fluid straight nitrogen fertilisers in the formof aqueous solutions or suspensions.

1.2 Company

See details below

2. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

These products may contain some or all of the followingingredients:- ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium sulphate, otherammonium salts, micro-nutrients.

3. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

3.1 Human Health

Products are of a low toxicity but prolonged skin or eye contact maycause some irritation.

Ingestion: Small quantities are unlikely to cause toxic effects.

Large quantities may give rise to gastro-intestinal disorders and inextreme cases (particularly in children) formation ofmethaemoglobin ("blue baby" syndrome) and cyanosis (indicated byblueness around the mouth) may occur. No adverse long term effectsare known.

Inhalation: Low toxicity spray but high concentration of air-bornematerial may cause irritation of the nose and upper respiratory tractwith symptoms such as sore throat and coughing

Molten material: Will cause burns and inhalation of decompositiongases (eg in a fire) may cause serious delayed lung effects.

3.2 Environment

Ammonium nitrate is a nitrogen fertilizer. Heavy spillage maycause adverse environmental impact such as eutrophication inconfined surface waters or nitrate contamination. See Section 12.

4. FIRST AID MEASURES Product

Skin contact: wash the affected area with soap and water Eye contact: irrigate eyes with copious amounts of eyewash solutor water for at least 10 minutes. Obtain medical advice if symptopersist. Ingestion: do not induce vomiting. Give milk or water to driObtain medical attention if more than small quantities have bswallowed. Inhalation: remove from source of exposure to spray. Keep waand at rest. Obtain medical advice if symptoms persist. Fire and Thermal Decomposition Products Skin contact: wash areas in contact with molten material. Wcopiously with cold water. Seek medical advice. Inhalation: remove from source of exposure to fumes. Keep waand at rest. 5. FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES

When the fertiliser is not directly involved in the fire use the bmeans available to control the fire. When the fertiliser is involved:- 1. Avoid breathing the fumes. Wherever possible wear

approved breathing mask when fighting a fire or when fumare being emitted.

2. Call the fire brigade. 3. Use plenty of water. 4. Open doors and windows to give maximum ventilation. 6. Do not allow the fertiliser or water containing the fertiliserun into drains. Note also first aid precautions (4). 6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

Wash down spillage promptly and avoid ingestion by livestock Tcare to avoid the contamination of watercourses and drains. Infothe appropriate water authority in the event of accidental watercoucontamination

7. HANDLING AND STORAGE

7.1 Handling: Avoid excessive generation of spry during transporof product. Take special care with absorbent materials such asclothing and insulating material contaminated with the fluid whichwhen dry, may exhibit incendiary properties.

7.2 Storage: Store in vessels fit for the purpose. Locate away frsources of heat, fire or explosion. Keep away from combustmaterials and chemical substances taking particular care on farmensure that it is not stored near hay, grain, diesel, etc. Ensure hstandard of house-keeping in the storage areas. Tank or storage arshould be appropriately sited to prevent the contamination of draor watercourses.

PSDS GROUP 9 PRODUCT

18

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8. EXPOSURE CONTROL/PERSONAL PROTECTION

8.1 Occupational exposure limits

No specific official limits

8.2 Precautionary and engineering measures

Avoid high spray concentration and provide ventilation wherenecessary.

8.3 Personal Protection

Wear suitable gloves when handling the product over long periods.Avoid contamination of absorbent clothing. After handlingproduct, wash hands and observe good hygiene practice.

9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Appearance Aqueous solution (clear) or suspension which will crystallise out at temperatures below zero.

Odour Odourless or slight ammoniacal smell

pH > 4.5. Density Depends on concentration. Normally between

1200 and 1400kg/m3

10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

Stable under normal storage and handling conditions. Liberatesammonia when in contact with alkalies eg Caustic Soda, Soda Ash.

The solution (and solids in solution) are not combustible; waterevaporates and ammonia is given off when strongly heated. Aftercomplete evaporation a solid or molten mass may form whichdecomposes on further heating, giving off toxic fumes containingammonia and oxides of nitrogen. The dried or molten mass mayexhibit oxidising properties.

There is no explosive risk under normal handling situations but inpumping operations, if allowed to run dry, may possibly exhibitexplosive properties.

Do not weld or apply heat to equipment or plant which may havecontained the fertiliser without first washing thoroughly to removeall fertiliser.

11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

11.1 General

See Section 3.1.

11.2 Toxicity Data

LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000mg/kg May cause methæmoglobinæmia See Section 3.1.

12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

12.1 Mobility

The nitrate ion is mobile. The ammonium ion is adsorbed by soil.

12.2 Persistence/Degradability

The nitrate ion is the predominant form of plant nutrition. Itfollows the natural nitrification/denitrification cycle to givenitrogen.

12.3 Bio-accumulation

The product does not show any bio-accumulation phenomena. 12.4 Ecotoxicity

Low toxicity to aquatic life. TLM 96 between 10-100ppm

13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS

Depending on the degree of contamination, dispose of by use onfarm, by spraying thinly on open ground or to an authorised wastefacility. Take care to avoid the contamination of watercourses anddrains. Inform the appropriate water authority in the event ofaccidental watercourse contamination.

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION

14.1 UN classification Not classified i e considered non-hazardous material according tothe UN Orange Book and international transport codes e g RID(rail), ADR (road) and IMDG (sea).

15. REGULATORY INFORMATION

15.1 EC Directives

76/116/EEC (Relating to fertilisers)

15.2 National Regulations

The Fertilisers Regulations 1991 and subsequent amendments.

16. OTHER INFORMATION

This safety data sheet provides health and safety information. Theproduct is to be used in applications consistent with best farmingpractice. Individuals handling this product should be informed underCOSHH of the recommended safety precautions and should haveaccess to this information. The product information in this data sheetis to the best of the FMA's knowledge correct as at the date ofpublication.Neither the FMA nor the Manufacturer, UKASTA or Supplieraccepts liability for any loss or damage (other than that arising fromdeath or personal injury caused by negligence if proved) resultingfrom reliance on this information. Further information on individualproducts covered by this safety data sheet may be obtained from theSupplier or the Company whose name, address and telephonenumber will be found on the fertiliser container

19

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20

PSDS GROUP 10 PRODUCT FMA PRODUCT SAFETY DATA SHEET - GROUP 10

ODUCTION

roduct Safety Data Sheet applies exclusively to productsactured or marketed by members of the Fertiliseracturers Association. It does not apply to any other product of name or nature. The products covered will be clearlyied by the name of the marketer and/or manufacturer on theted labels and/or documents. Qualifying product will be as follows:

ENOM

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Inhalation: remove from source of exposure to spray. Keep warmand at rest. Obtain medical advice if symptoms persist. Fire and Thermal Decomposition Products Skin contact: wash areas in contact with molten material. Washcopiously with cold water. Seek medical advice. Inhalation: remove from source of exposure to fumes. Keep warmand at rest. 5. FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURESPSDS GROUP 10 PRODUCT

TIFICATION OF THE PRODUCT AND THEPANY

tification of the Product

n Group 10 are fluid compound fertilisers (NPK, NP, NK) of aqueous solutions or suspensions.

pany

s below

POSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

oducts may contain some or all of the followings:- ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium sulphate,

phosphate, potassium chloride (muriate of potash), phosphate, potassium sulphate, triple superphosphate,ending agents such as bentonite or atapulgite clay,

nutrients, micro-nutrients and complexing agents.

RDS IDENTIFICATION

an Health

re of a low toxicity but prolonged skin or eye contact maye irritation.

Small quantities are unlikely to cause toxic effects.

: Low toxicity spray but high concentration of air-borneay cause irritation of the nose and upper respiratory tracttoms such as sore throat and coughing

aterial: Will cause burns and inhalation of decompositionin a fire) may cause serious delayed lung effects.

ironment

illage may cause adverse environmental impact such asation in confined surface waters or nitrate contamination.n 12.

ST AID MEASURES

ct: wash the affected area with soap and water

ct: irrigate eyes with copious amounts of eyewash solutionor at least 10 minutes. Obtain medical advice if symptoms

do not induce vomiting. Give milk or water to drink.edical attention if more than small quantities have been.

When the fertiliser is not directly involved in the fire use the bestmeans available to control the fire. When the fertiliser is involved:- 1. Avoid breathing the fumes. Wherever possible wear an

approved breathing mask when fighting a fire or when fumesare being emitted.

2. Call the fire brigade. 3. Use plenty of water. 4. Open doors and windows to give maximum ventilation. 5. Do not allow the fertiliser or water containing the fertiliser to run into drains. Note also first aid precautions (4). 7. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

Wash down spillage promptly and avoid ingestion by livestock.Take care to avoid the contamination of watercourses and drains.Inform the appropriate water authority in the event of accidentalwatercourse contamination

7. HANDLING AND STORAGE

7.1 Handling: Avoid excessive generation of spry during transportof product. Take special care with absorbent materials such asclothing and insulating material contaminated with the fluid which,when dry, may exhibit incendiary properties.

7.3 Storage: Store in vessels fit for the purpose. Locate away fromsources of heat, fire or explosion. Keep away from combustiblematerials and chemical substances taking particular care on farms toensure that it is not stored near hay, grain, diesel, etc. Ensure highstandard of house-keeping in the storage areas. Tank or storage areasshould be appropriately sited to prevent the contamination of drainsor watercourses.

8. EXPOSURE CONTROL/PERSONAL PROTECTION

8.1 Occupational exposure limits

No specific official limits

8.2 Precautionary and engineering measures

Avoid high spray concentration and provide ventilation wherenecessary.

8.3Personal Protection

Wear suitable gloves when handling the product over long periods.Avoid contamination of absorbent clothing. After handlingproduct, wash hands and observe good hygiene practice.

9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Appearance Aqueous solution (clear) or suspension which will �rystallize out at temperatures below zero.

Odour Odourless or slight ammoniacal smell pH > 4.5. Density Depends on concentration. Normally between

1200 and 1400kg/m3

10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

Stable under normal storage and handling conditions. Liberatesammonia when in contact with alkalies eg Caustic Soda, Soda Ash.

The solution (and solids in solution) do not support combustion andmay act as a fire retardant. When strongly heated water evaporatesand ammonia is given off. After complete evaporation a solid ormolten mass may form which decomposes on further heating, givingoff toxic fumes containing ammonia, hydrogen chloride, ammoniumchloride and chlorine and oxides of nitrogen if ammonium nitrate ispresent.

There is no explosive risk under normal handling situations but inpumping operations, if allowed to run dry, may possibly exhibitexplosive properties.

Do not weld or apply heat to equipment or plant which may havecontained the fertiliser without first washing thoroughly to removeall fertiliser.

11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

11.1 General

See Section 3.1.

11.3 Toxicity Data

Product toxicity will depend on the composition.

Ammonium nitrate: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000mg/kg May cause methæmoglobinæmia Ammonium phosphate LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000mg/kg Potassium chloride or sulphate: LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000mg/kg See Section 3.1.

12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

12.1 Mobility

The nitrate ion is mobile. The ammonium ion is adsorbed by soil.

12.2 Persistence/Degradability

The nitrate ion is mobile; the ammonium ion is adsorbed by soilparticles. Phosphates whether water or citrate soluble, aretranslocated in the soil over very short distances and are thenimmobilised. The dissolved potassium ion in the soil solution isadsorbed by clay minerals; where these are absent in light soils,part of the potassium may be leached.

12.3 Bio-accumulation

The product does not show any bio-accumulation phenomena. 12.4 Ecotoxicity

Low toxicity to aquatic life.

13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS

Depending on the degree of contamination, dispose of by use onfarm, by spraying thinly on open ground or to an authorised wastefacility. Take care to avoid the contamination of watercourses anddrains. Inform the appropriate water authority in the event ofaccidental watercourse contamination.

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION

14.1 UN classification Not classified i e considered non-hazardous material according tothe UN Orange Book and international transport codes e g RID(rail), ADR (road) and IMDG (sea).

15. REGULATORY INFORMATION

15.1 EC Directives

76/116/EEC (Relating to fertilisers)

15.2 National Regulations

The Fertilisers Regulations 1991 and subsequent amendments.

16. OTHER INFORMATION

This safety data sheet provides health and safety information. Theproduct is to be used in applications consistent with best farmingpractice. Individuals handling this product should be informed underCOSHH of the recommended safety precautions and should haveaccess to this information. The product information in this data sheetis to the best of the FMA's knowledge correct as at the date ofpublication.

Neither the FMA nor the Manufacturer, UKASTA or Supplieraccepts liability for any loss or damage (other than that arising fromdeath or personal injury caused by negligence if proved) resultingfrom reliance on this information. Further information on individualproducts covered by this safety data sheet may be obtained from theSupplier or the Company whose name, address and telephonenumber will be found on the fertiliser container

21

22

23

24

25

Appendix 5 - Transport Emergency (TREM) Card, Aqueous Ammonia