coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement
DESCRIPTION
Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement Jeroen Bongaerts. Thesis defense 16 April 2003, 14.00 hrs. COHERENT LIGHT AND X-RAY SCATTERING STUDIES OF THE DYNAMICS OF COLLOIDS IN CONFINEMENT. University of Amsterdam, Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement
Jeroen Bongaerts
Thesis defense 16 April 2003, 14.00 hrs
![Page 2: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
COHERENT LIGHT AND X-RAY SCATTERING STUDIES OF THE DYNAMICS OF COLLOIDS IN CONFINEMENT
University of Amsterdam, Van der Waals-Zeeman InstituteJeroen BongaertsDr. Michel ZwanenburgJ.F. PetersDr. Gerard Wegdam
ETH-Zürich/PSI-SLS, SwitzerlandProf. Dr. Friso van der VeenDr. Thomas LacknerHeilke Keymeulen
![Page 3: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
• Why study confined fluids?
• How to study them?
• Technical improvements
• Bulk colloidal dynamics
• Confined colloidal dynamics
OUTLINE TALK
![Page 4: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
WHY STUDY CONFINED FLUIDS?
![Page 5: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Examples confined fluids
• Lubricants
• Blood in narrow vessels
• Glue
• Liquids in porous materials
• Emulsions used for cold steel rolling
• Lubricants
• Blood in narrow vessels
• Glue
• Liquids in porous materials
• Emulsions used for cold steel rolling
![Page 6: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
From: ‘Intermolecular & Surface Forces’ by Jacob Israelachvili
![Page 7: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Confined fluid under shear stress
![Page 8: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
HOW TO STUDY ULTRATHIN CONFINED FLUIDS?
Visible light? No
X rays? Yes
![Page 9: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
q
![Page 10: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
q
q
q
![Page 11: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
ii e
X-ray waveguideX-ray waveguide
![Page 12: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
i e
visible light : n > 1hard x rays : n < 1 n =1- δ
δ ~10-6
visible light : n > 1hard x rays : n < 1 n =1- δ
δ ~10-6
Silica disk
X-ray waveguideX-ray waveguide
Silica disk
Advantage: large sigal-to-noise ratio
![Page 13: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Waveguides modesWaveguides modes
![Page 14: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
x 10
Typical waveguide dimensions 500 nm x 5 mm
![Page 15: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Empty waveguide W = 650 nm
Experiment Calculation
PRL 82 (1999)
![Page 16: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Filled x-ray waveguideFilled x-ray waveguide
![Page 17: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
CONFINED COLLOIDS (STATIC)CONFINED COLLOIDS (STATIC)
Charged colloidal silica spheres
r = 54.9 nm, r = 115 nm
Solvents: water, water/glucerol, ethanol, DMF
Charged colloidal silica spheres
r = 54.9 nm, r = 115 nm
Solvents: water, water/glucerol, ethanol, DMF
Confined complex fluids
• Blood• Colloidal and granular (dry) lubricants
Confined complex fluids
• Blood• Colloidal and granular (dry) lubricants
![Page 18: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
W = 655 nm W = 310 nm
Layering of confined colloids (r = 54.9 nm)
PRL 85 (2000)
![Page 19: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
TECHNICAL IMPROVEMENTS
1. Smaller x-ray waveguide gap widths
2. Coherent flux enhancement within the guiding layer
![Page 20: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Multi-step-index waveguide geometryMulti-step-index waveguide geometry
Minimum gap: 20 nm (was ca 250 nm)Minimum gap: 20 nm (was ca 250 nm)
![Page 21: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Enhancing the fluxEnhancing the flux
TE
Stand ing w ave
i
FZP lens2
Waveguide entrance
![Page 22: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
DYNAMIC LIGHT SCATTERING (BULK)
![Page 25: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Dynamic light scatteringDynamic light scattering
The dynamic structure factorThe dynamic structure factor
SpeckleSpeckle
Courtesy of J.F. Peters, UvA
![Page 26: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Short-time and long-time dynamics (BULK)Short-time and long-time dynamics (BULK)
Dilute bulk suspensionDilute bulk suspensionDense bulk suspensionDense bulk suspension
![Page 27: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Caging of colloidal particlesCaging of colloidal particles
![Page 28: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
DYNAMIC X-RAY SCATTERING STUDIES OFCONFINED COLLOIDS
![Page 29: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Confinement-induced friction?Confinement-induced friction?
![Page 30: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Waveguide dynamic x-ray scatteringWaveguide dynamic x-ray scattering
Silica spheres r =115 nm dissolved in water/Glycerol.Volume fraction 7% (‘dilute’).Negligible particle-particle interaction
Silica spheres r =115 nm dissolved in water/Glycerol.Volume fraction 7% (‘dilute’).Negligible particle-particle interaction
Top viewTop view
Side viewSide view
![Page 31: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Short-time confined dynamicsShort-time confined dynamics
Silica spheres r =115 nmIn water /Glycerol
W3 = 1.2 micronW4 = 0.8 micron
![Page 32: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Long-time confinement-induced slowing-down of dynamics
Long-time confinement-induced slowing-down of dynamics
Silica spheres r =115 nmIn water /Glycerol
![Page 33: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Long-time sub-diffusive behaviorLong-time sub-diffusive behavior
Silica spheres r =115 nmIn water /Glycerol
![Page 34: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Inhomogeneous particle-wall interactionsInhomogeneous particle-wall interactions
![Page 35: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Investigate inhomogeneous particle-wall interactions
Investigate inhomogeneous particle-wall interactions
![Page 36: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
OutlookOutlook
• Smaller waveguide gaps (10 nm)
Confined fluids Confined fluids
TE
Stand ing w ave
i
FZP lens2
Waveguide entrance
• Prefocused x-ray beam (higher flux) J. Synchrotron Rad.
9, 383---393 (2002) • Study particle-wall interactions
• Surface force measurements combined with static and dynamic x-ray scattering
![Page 37: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
SummarySummary
• Confined fluids studied by use of an x-ray waveguide
• Waveguide technique works
• Dynamic x-ray scattering in waveguide geometry
• Confinement affects short and long-time diffusion.
![Page 38: Coherent light and x-ray scattering studies of the dynamics of colloids in confinement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56814846550346895db55d73/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
COHERENT LIGHT AND X-RAY SCATTERING STUDIES OF THE DYNAMICS OF COLLOIDS IN CONFINEMENT
University of Amsterdam, Van der Waals-Zeeman InstituteJeroen BongaertsDr. Michel ZwanenburgJ.F. PetersDr. Gerard Wegdam
ETH-Zürich/PSI-SLS, SwitzerlandProf. Dr. Friso van der VeenDr. Thomas LacknerHeilke Keymeulen