coins of the spanish-mulūk al-tawā'if / by george c. miles

8/14/2019 Coins of the Spanish-Mulk al-Taw'if / by George C. Miles

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HISPANIC NUMISMATIC SERIESMONOGRAPH NUMBER 3


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THE HISPANIC NUMISMATIC SERIESconsists of publications devoted to the coinage of theIberian Peninsula and of related countries, and is basedon the Collection of The Hispanic Society of America.It is publishled jointly by The American Numismatic

Society and The Hispanic Society of America.PUBLICATION COMMITTEETHE AMERICAN NUMISMATIC SOCIETYA. Carson Simpson, ChairmanAlfred R. BellingerAgnes Baldwin Brett

Thomas 0. MabbottTheodor E. MommsenSawyer McA. Mosser, Editor


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Coins of the SpanishMuluk al-Tawa'ifBy GEORGE C. MILESPUBLISHED IN CO-OPERATION WITH

THE HISPANIC SOCIETY OF AMERICATHE AMERICAN NUMISMATIC SOCIETYNEW YORK1954


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H.30.5+-TABLE OF CONTENTSPageForeword viiI. Period of the Revolution 1

II. Hammudid 3III. Zirid 34IV. Berghawat&h Governor of Ceuta 39V. Banu-Khazar (Maghrawa) 42VI. ElotaRevolutionary Period 43VII. AlmeriaRevolutionary Period 44

VIII. 'AmiridValencia 45IX. 'AmiridAlmeria 54X. TortosaSlave Kingdom 59XI. DeniaSlave Kingdom 61XII. Kingdom of Mallorca 67XIII. Tujibid of Zaragoza 76XIV. Hudid of Zaragoza 81XV. Hudid of Lerida 105XVI. Hudid of Calatayud 109XVII. Hudid of Tudela IllXVIII. Hudid of Denia and Tortosa 113XIX. Dhu'l-Nunid 122XX. Banu-Jahwar of Cordoba 134XXI. Kingdom of Almeria 135XXII. Banu'l-Aftas in Badajoz 138XXIII. 'Abbadid of Seville 140XXIV. Unidentified Coins 154Key to Types of Borders 157Indices 161\^'


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FOREWORDThe present volume deals with the Islamic coinages of Spainduring the fifth century of the Muslim era, the eleventh Christiancentury. The period commences immediately after the total collapseof the Umayyad Caliphate, that is at the point where the first volumein this series, The Coinage of the Umayyads of Spain,1 left off", and itterminates roughly with the arrival of the Murabits (the "Almora-

vides") from North Africa toward the end of the century.The political confusion of the period, commonly known as thatof the Muliik al-Tawa'if in Arabic, or the Reyes de Taifas in Spanish the "party kings" is fully reflected in the complexities of the verydiverse and frequently obscure coinage. For a time at least theMurabit ascendancy puts an end to the monetary issues of pettykings and princes, and imposes upon most of the Muslim lands ofthe peninsula a numismatic as well as a political unity. There follows

in the mid-sixth (twelfth) century a brief recrudescence of autono-mous coinages at a few mints, but these are in turn superseded by thenext wave of Berbers, the Muwahhids ("Almohades"). Thus, despitetheir diversity, the Spanish coinages of the fifth century of the Hijrahpresent a certain unity the fall of the Caliphate on the one hand,and the appearance of the Murabi^s on the other, providing a logicaland convenient beginning and end for the division of Hispanic num-ismatic history represented in these pages.

No attempt has been made in this volume to present anythingmore than a catalogue of the coins of the Muliik al-Tawa'if in the cab-inets of the Hispanic Society of America and of the American Num-ismatic Society. For several reasons a Corpus, such as those under-taken in The Coinage of the Umayyads of Spain and in The Coinageof the Visigoths of Spain,2 seemed inappropriate, if not out of thequestion. In the first place, Antonio Prieto y Vives' excellent LosReyes de Taifas: Estudio historico-numismdtico de los Musulmanesespanoles en el sigh V de la Hegira (XI de J. C.) (Madrid, 1926),3

1 Hispanic Numismatic Series, No. 1, New York, 1950.2 Hispanic Numismatic Series, No. 2, New York, 1952.3 Cf. my comments in Umayyads of Spain, p. 10; and R. Vasmer's extensivereview in Zeitschrift fiir Numismatik, 1928, pp. 223-234.


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viii FOREWORDalthough not a Corpus in the strict sense, in that it contains noreference whatever to the location of specimens, or to their number(except for general indications of rarity and commonness), is soauthoritative and inclusive of all the published data that a freshcomprehensive treatment of the subject at this time would indeedappear to be superfluous and premature. In fact, given the available

material and the present state of our knowledge, it is doubtful thatmuch can be added to Prieto y Vives' exposition. We must ratherwait for new finds of well documented provenance in Spain, and forfurther historical research, before any additional light can be thrownon the multitudinous obscurities of these coinages.Another reason for compiling a simple catalogue rather than at-tempting a definitive treatment of the present material is that neitherthe Hispanic Society collection nor that of the American NumismaticSociety contains a sufficiently extensive representation of each of

the dynasties and kingdoms in question to constitute a solid coreupon which to build a Corpus. For the numerous lacunae we wouldby and large be dependent upon Prieto y Vives, and more specificallyupon the catalogues from which he drew his material,1 for as mention-ed above the former cites no specific specimens, omits any mentionof ornaments or other details, and includes no metrological data.Prieto's sixteen fine plates are excellent documentation, to be sure,but with the exception of those specimens which it has been possibleto identify as being now the property of the Hispanic Society of

America (about which more below), there is no manner of deter-mining the provenance of these illustrations.2 In short, without first-hand access to the coins in the 19th century Spanish collections orto supplementary unpublished material, the difficulties of composingan adequate and reliable Corpus can easily be appreciated, and thedecision to publish this unpretentious catalogue simply as a contri-bution toward that ultimate end, will, it is hoped, be approved.While neither of the two collections described herein are, as re-marked above, truly comprehensive, they are, especially with respect

to certain of the series under consideration, not inconsiderable in1 Although he makes no mention of his sources, the principal ones undoubt-edly were Francisco Codera y Zaidin's Tratado de numismatica ardbigo-espanola and Antonio Vives y Escudero's Monedas de las dinastiaa ardbigo-espanolas (cf. Umayyads of Spain, pp. 34, 1213, for comments on theseworks), and the British Museum, Paris and Berlin catalogues.2 Professor Emilio Garcia G6mez tells me in a private communication thatPrieto y Vives had a large collection of plaster-casts, from which undoubt-edly his illustrations were reproduced. These are now in the Instituto de

Valencia de Don Juan.


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FOREWORD ixnumbers. When compared to the corresponding published collectionsof the British Museum (83 specimens), of the Bibliotheque Nationale(156 specimens), and of the Munzkabinett in Berlin (134 specimens),the 593 pieces of the joint cabinets of the Hispanic Society of Americaand the American Numismatic Society represent a very respectableaddition to the known body of coins of the Muluk al-Tawa'if.

With regard to the origin of the Hispanic Society collection, thesame remarks apply here as those made on earlier occasions:1 do-cumentation of provenance is lacking and the only clue to formerownership is in the comparison of the coins themselves with such fewpublished reproductions of coins in former private Spanish collectionsas exist. In the present series it has been possible once more toestablish that a certain proportion of the Hispanic Society coinsderive ultimately from Codera's collection. Identities have beenproven by taking note of the indication "U" (for "ejemplar unico")

in Prieto y Vives' book, by then consulting the tables in AntonioVives' Monedas (pp. 47Iff.) to find that the unique specimen was inthe Codera collection, and finally by comparing the illustration inPrieto y Vives' plates with the coin in hand. Such proven instancesof identity are: nos. 334, 336, 339, 342, 353, 361, 368, 455, 459-460,462. Naturally Prieto y Vives reproduces only a relatively smallproportion of the total number of coins described, and hence onefrequently cannot clinch the identity of given Hispanic Societyspecimens with unique Codera specimens by visual comparison, but

in many cases there can be hardly any doubt whatever of this identity,as for example nos. 38, 58, 83, 95, 157-159, 264-265, 340-341, 352,364-365, 454, 456-458, 461, 466, 496, 523, 532, 557, 566. And thereis in all probability a still larger number of cases where identitycannot be established because Vives' fists show that Codera's spe-cimen was not unique, and the correspondence cannot therefore beproven or assumed, but where the likelihood is nevertheless verystrong.As for the collection of the American Numismatic Society, it will

be noted in the catalogue that many of the coins derive from E. T.Newell's collection and that in numerous instances he acquired themfrom the collection of Alvaro Campaner y Fuertes.2 Another lot fromMr. Newell's collection deserves particular mention: the fractionaldinars from a hoard of uncertain provenance, consisting of 1521 Umayyads of Spain, p. viii and footnote 1 on that page; Visigoths of Spain,pp. xixii.2 So I assume from the simple name "Campaner" followed by a price indicationon the back of Mr. Newell's labels.


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x FOREWORDpieces. The Fatimid coins in this hoard, 54 in number, have beenpublished.1 Those appearing in the present volume are: unidentifiedindependent rulers of the revolutionary period (8 specimens), 'Amiridsin Valencia (1), 'Amirids in Almeria (68), Tujibids of Zaragoza (3),Hudids of Zaragoza (4), Dhu'l-Nunids of Toledo (10), unidentified(1). The three remaining pieces in the hoard, fractional dinars of

Hisham II, have been published in Umayyads of Spain.2 The hoardis of interest in that it demonstrates the concurrent circulation ofFatimid gold from Sicily with that of various Spanish cities. Theearliest preserved date in the hoard is 401 A. H. (1010/11 A. D.), thelatest 444 A. H. (1052/53 A. D.).3 Theoretically the range of theundated specimens, or of those with dates effaced, extends from thebeginning of the Umayyad al-Hisham's rule in 366 A. H. (976 A.D.)to the end of the Fatimid al-Mustansir's in 487 A. H. (1094 A. D.),but it will be observed that most of the coins are datable to the first

five decades of the 5th (11th) century, and it would appear that thedate of the hoard's burial was about 445 or 450 A. H., the localityprobably somewhere along the central eastern coast of Spain.Aside from the coins of the Newell collection, the cabinet of theAmerican Numismatic Society contains a considerable number ofspecimens from the late Howland Wood's collection, many of thesepurchased at an auction in 1911, which, according to the salescatalogue,4 contained a part of the collection of Sr. Antonio Ma.Pena of Palma, Mallorca. Some of Mr. Newell's specimens probably

came from the same source. Finally some of the American Numis-matic Society specimens were acquired from W. H. Valentine'scollection, and a few others are on indefinite loan from the UniversityMuseum, Philadelphia. Several coins belonging to Mr. Jesse Yockersof New York have been included.The following remarks may be made about the arrangement of thecatalogue. The order of dynasties or categories is that adopted byPrieto y Vives in his Los Reyes de Taifas. Each ruler's coins are thenarranged according to denomination,5 with further subdivisions

1 See George C. Miles, Fatimid Coins in the Collections of the UniversityMuseum, Philadelphia, and the American Numismatic Society (NumismaticNotes and Monographs, No. 121, New York, 1951), p. 3. The total of Fatimidcoins in the hoard is there mistakenly given as 48 instead of 54.2 Nos. 351 (b), 352 (c) and (d).3 Fatimid Coins, nos. 125 and 285.4 158th Sale by Lyman H. Low, N. Y March 27, 1911.5 The designation of the metal used for the dirhems of most of the Muluk al-Tawa'if presents a problem. Debasement is the rule rather than the exception.

It has not been possible to carry out any chemical or physical tests, but in^


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FOREWORD xirelating to mint and date. The transcription of the obverse arealegend is on the left, that of the reverse on the right. A horizontal barin place of a transcription of the obverse signifies that the legend isthe conventional:MyUnless transcribed, the reverse marginal legend is always under-

stood to be the usual verse, Qur'an IX 33:(frequently incomplete). The beginning of the obverse marginalformula (jfjjJl Iji* i_^ 4ill *~s, etc.) is omitted, unless it is in someway irregular or unusual. The mint name is transcribed only at thebeginning of a series. Thereafter in each description it is understoodto be present. The marginal legend is in circular form unless other-wise indicated.1 The reproductions of the ornaments are of coursesomewhat conventionalized and are to be taken as approximations

only. There being a great variety of borders enclosing the marginaland area legends of the coins of the Muluk al-Tawa'if, it was thoughtadvisable to compile a single illustrated list of these and to refer toeach by number rather than to describe them each time they occur.This list will be found on pp. 157160. References at the end of thedescription of each coin are to Prieto y Vives (abbreviated P.). Wheresupplementary references to Antonio Vives' Monedas are called for,the letter V. is used. The only other abbreviations used are HSA for

Hispanic Society of America, and ANS for American NumismaticSociety. Where the word "hoard" appears after "Newell", the re-ference is to the hoard of fractional dinars discussed above. Diametersare in millimeters, weights in grams.appearance the dirhems range all the way from nearly pure silver to bronzeor copper. While the great majority would commonly be called billon, it hasvery frequently proven difficult to decide whether to describe a given pieceas "silver" or "billon" or to distinguish between "billon" and "copper".The following designations have therefore been employed: JR for metal of

evidently high silver content, JR1 and M2 for billon of respectively decliningsilver content, M for metal which shows no traces of silver, all these de-scriptions being based on appearance only and subject doubtless to broadrevision if a scientific method of analysis were employed. In any case, allthese dirhems were undoubtedly intended to be of silver, even those whichhave been described as M. l Cf. Umayyads of Spain, pp. 97-100.


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I. UNIDENTIFIED INDEPENDENT RULER,PERIOD OF THE REVOLUTION*IBN HAMAM (?)2Ca. 422-428 A.H. = 1030-1037 A.D.Fractional DinarsAl-AndalusNo Date1--2- ; cLi* fUviObv. marg.: iL-> Jju'Vi> JujJ^ 1


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2 MUWK AL-TAWA'IF4. As no. 3, but borders: obv. & rev. 38.ANS (Newell, hoard) AT 11, 0.82 PlatE I5. As no. 3, but borders: obv. 38, rev. 33.ANS (Newell, hoard) X 11, 0.686. As no. 1, but

fts- o\ OOObv. marg.: Qur'an IX 33 (part)Rev. marg.: -J jjV^ ./jjJIja j ....Borders: Obv. 16, rev. 33.ANS (Newell, hoard) N 13, 0.86 PlatE IMint EffacedNo DateAs no. 1, butObv. marg.: iJL, ^ -oil *-JRev. marg.: Qur'an IX 33 (part)Borders: obv. & rev. 16.ANS (Newell, hoard) AT 12, 0.938. As no. 7, but traces of margins only, and borders: obv. & rev. 21.ANS (Newell, hoard) A7" 11, 0.82 Plate IThree dirhems in the Hispanic Society collection struck during

the revolutionary period by unknown persons did not come to theattention of the writer until after this catalogue was compiled. Theseare: two fragmentary specimens of al-Andalus, 404 A. H., similarto P. 32a, and one of al-Andalus, 405 A.H., similar to P. 28d. Thelatter measures 22 mm. and weighs 2.04 grms.


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II. HAMMUDID1AL-NASIR LI-DIN ALLAH


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MlTLtJK AL-TAWA'IFMarg.: ? Ji-Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.Very crude execution.P. 59 a.

HSA 15670 JR 23, 2.47, twice pierced11406 A.H. = 1015/16A.D.-ui I ajjil

*i)6Marsr.: L m i\ i d**


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II. HAMMfJDIDCa. 405-407 A.H. = 1014-1017 AD.14. Date effaced. As no. 11, but c*$^ beneath obv., and marg.: ..4JL. (1st quarter rectilinear)HSA 15667 JR 23, fragmentary407 A.H. = 1016/17 A.D.

* *Marg.: uj\j *x~. u^ -oi\ ^ (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.P. 60.HSA 13927 JR 24, 3.62, twice pierced16- *V1*J\Y I /j^Uj ba - * aa aa n*A^j 4iil Jc f UVl ftA Aooo; 4al o-jJ j-UJI* #Marg.: olj ^ cj^i -ciI *-jRev. marg. interrupted by ^^ (&)Borders: obv. 6, rev. 16.P. 61.HSA 13925 JR 22, 1.96, same obv. die as no. 17


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6MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF*17. Obv. as no. 16.A&b\ ljj,

JcfUVI* ,yJu>ji.\ >*1 *-ci\ jjJ ^Ldl4* * * AMarg.: *tj\j a o>_^ -cil ~j (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 6, rev. 17.HSA 13943 JR 24, 3.20, twice pierced"Rev. marg. interrupted by ftjQ j\j ^ i_j^> 4lil p~*s (1st quarter rectilinear)Rev. marg. interrupted by $l at least twice.Borders: obv. 6, rev. 51.HSA 13942 JR 23, 3.16, twice pierced Plate I |19. Obv. as no. 18, but Rev. legend as no. 17, no orna-7 ments. I


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II. HAMMUDID 720. Rev. legend as no. 17, no orna-ments exceptMarg.: j\j x- j^> 4lil -*-j (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.ANS (Wood) JR 24, 3.78

21. Mint effaced, probably Sabtah.O Rev. legend as no. 17, no orna->< ments.Marg.: U *j\j xBorders: obv. 3a, rev. 7.HSA 13945 JR 24, frg. lacking408 A.H. = 1017/18 A.D.22. Rev. legend as no. 17, no orna-f ments.Marg.: ifl* ,*oOU (1st quarter rectilinear). The 0 of -cil ends inpalmette.Borders: obv. 6, rev. 61.P. 62 b.HSA 13938 JR 24, 1.96Rev. legend as no. 17, only orna-ment:jO> j*}\ j \ |HMarg.: U >uj\j)\- u^i 4lil ^ (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 3, rev. 4.HSA 13934 .flt 22, 2.18, twice pierced


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8 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF24. ^r Rev. legend as no. 17, no orna-* ^ * ments.Marg.: *>j\j O^ j* ^ (\ (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 3, rev. 7.HSA 13936 JR 25, 3.25, twice pierced Plate I

25. -=&; ^ev- as no- ^3.*


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II. HAMMUDID 929. ^ Rev. legend as no. 17, ornament** consists of + projecting into areafrom inner border at 3, 6, 9 (andprobably) 12 o'clock.

Obv. marg.:1jOU (various uncertain ornaments; 1st quarterrectilinear)Rev. marg.: ... ^zj + tS*d\ + *Lol + 4iil + J_j-j + x*aBorders: obv. 3, rev. 7.ANS (Wood) JR- 23, 2.91, twice pierced Plate Ioa 3|(- 9| Rev. legend as no. 17, ornaments:* * *Marg.: j\jO\& *->Ja ^ *> (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 59, rev. 4.ANS M 24, 2.83 Plate Igj Rev. legend as no. 17, ornaments:* *Marg.: j OU j^ -&\ *-J (1st quarter rectilinear)

Borders: obv. 3, rev. 7.HSA 13935 JR 24, 2.8432. ^ Rev. legend as no. 17, ornaments:Marg.: j OU *~JBorders: obv. 52, rev. 7.HSA 13940 JR 23, 2.45

33_ -j--j- Rev. legend as no. 17 but much*F ^ *F abbreviated, virtually illegible,ornament:AMarg.: j OU i_>^ aji\ +~jBorders: obv. 3, rev. 7.HSA 13937 JR 25, 3.33


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10 MULtJK AL-TAWA IF34. ml . t( m Rev. legend as no. 17, ornaments:ILegends very crudely engraved. J)Marg.: * j\ j 0^ (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.HSA 13941 JR 25, 3.18. twice pierced, several punches Plate I407 or 408 A.H. = 1016/18 A.D.,{, Rev. legend as no. 17, no orna-Vl*--i\ ments.35.*Marg.: Date effaced- j (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 52, rev. 7.HSA 13958 JR 24, 3.70. twice piercedAl-Andalus407 A.H. = 1016/17 A.D.fi i^ Rev. legend as no. 17, no orna-ments.

Marg.: U ,j\ j ^Borders: obv. 6a, rev. 40.HSA 13946 JR 24, 3.16 Plate II*|* Rev. legend as no. 17, no orna-o7.ments.Marg.: j\j *x~.

Borders: obv. 6a, rev. 7.HSA 13931 JR 24, 2.37


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II. HAMM0DID 11AL-QASIM AL-MA'MUN b. HAMMUD408-414 A.H. = 1018-1023 A.D.DirhemsMadinat Sabtah408 A.H. = 1018 A.D.

38.o.A3>-J AiilrU!l>i1 *Marg.: >U *oljO^Borders: obv. 62, rev. 7.P. 71a = V. 735 (Codera) = this coin (?).

HSA 13939 JR 24, 2.60 Plate II409 A.H. = 1018/19 A.D.39. Obv. legend as no. 38. Rev. legend as no. 38, no orna-ment.Marg.: U -.j\j JBorders: obv. 3, rev. 7.P. 71c.1ANS (Newell, ex Campaner) JR 25, 3.61

1 Prieto lists this as unique, but there are several specimens tabulated inVives.


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12 MITLtJK AL-TAWA'IF40. Obv. legend as no. 38. Rev. legend as no. 38, ornament:Marg.: j\j _JBorders: obv. 3, rev. 7.HSA 13953 JR 25, 3.1141. Obv. legend as no. 38.*Marg.: * j\j -JBorders: obv. 6, rev. 7.P. 72.HSA 13954 t 24, 3.5842.-43. Obv. legend as no. 38. Legend as no. 41, ornaments:

Marg.: ifU *>j\j a->Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.HSA 13955 ^R 25, 3.74HSA 13956 M 26, 3.2644.Plate IIon top of (_s^-


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II. HAMMtJDID13Marg.: *J (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 6, rev. 61.P. 73.HSA 13959 JR 25, 2.7445.Rev. legend as no. 44, ornament: 8I0 0 0Mars-: j\j -j ii~ iju. iz>M tjd\ \*


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14 MITLtJK AL-TAWA'IF410 A.H. = 1019/20 A.D.49. Date partially effaced, probably 410.Obv. legend as no. 46. Rev. legend as no. 46.o eMarg.: U uj\j(?)j j^a Aiil *J (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.

P. 74b1.HSA 13961 M 26, 3.40, twice pierced Plate II50. Date effaced, probably 410.As no. 49, but rev.: Marg.: (?) & (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.HSA 13944 ,51 25, 2.89, twice pierced-.U3I fUVl

The words jCU_jll _^\ abbreviated.Marg.: U *>j\j Ju. (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.P. 76.HSA 15678 JR 24, 2.63, twice pierced Plate II1 Prieto lists this as unique, but there were two specimens in the Vives collec-tion.^


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II. HAMMUDID 1552. Obv. legend as no. 51. ii iMarg.: iu ^jlj _ri* (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.P. 78a.

HSA 15680 M 25, 3.4653. As no. 52 in all respects, but date: U *olj ,^cHSA 15681 jR 26, 3.05, twice pierced and cracked54. As no. 52 in all respects, but date: * *>j\j *HSA 15679 M 25, 2.96411 A.H. = 1020/21 A.D.

55. Obv. legend as no. 51. Rev. legend as no. 52.Marg.: Ul jZs. o^-l (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 3, rev. 7. .P. 78b.HSA 15683 JR 26, 3.28, pierced and cracked*" Rev. legend as no. 52.

Marg.: e\j jju.


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16MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF67. Date obscure.Obv. legend as no. 51.

Rev. legend as no. 52, but Z atright. ;Marg.: .... (f)->... 1 iL- (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 15, rev. 16.USA 15684 M 24, 2.38

58.^jja! oMarg.: j\j ju. ^^>-\Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.P. 79 = V. 748 (Codera) = this coin (?).

HSA 15685 M 25, 3.15, twice piercedPlate II59.412 A.H. = 1021/22 A.D._j ji\ (ends in palmette)IS*.Marg.: *>j\j ^i*. ^"1 (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.P. 78d.HSA 15682 JR 25, 4.50Plate II

-*-


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II. HAMMtJDID 17Al-Andalus (Malaga)410 A.H. = 1019/20 A.D.60. !_ rUJl fUVl&* *4& dj

Marg.:* gj\j jU. Three letters end in elaborate palmettes.Borders: obv. 3a, rev. 7.P. 69b.HSA 15676 JR 28, 3.96 PlatE IIj X X Rev. legend as no. 60, points:Marg.: 0L jlj jts. Palmettes as on no. 60.Borders: obv. 3a, rev. 7.HSA 13948 M 26, 3.86 *c^3* Rev. legend as no. 60, points: Marg.: ifU jlj j^c Five letters end in elaborate palmettes.Borders: obv. 6a, rev. 7.HSA 13949 M 24, 3.48 Plate II

" O * Rev- legend as no. 60, ornament:Marg.:iJ^jlj jju. Palmettes as on no. 60.Borders: obv. 6a, rev. 16.ANS M 24, 3.00: Miles


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18 MULUK AL-TAWA'IF64. Uncertain ornament Rev. legend as no. 60.Marg.: L *,j\j yu. Palmettes as on no. 62.Borders: obv. 3a, rev. 7.ANS (Newell ex Campaner) M 26, 2.3466. Uncertain ornament Rev. legend as no. 60.Marg.:


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II. HAMMUDID 19AL-MU'TALI YAHYA b. . r UV1Marg.: jujIj iyu; UBorders: obv. and rev. 16.Cf. P. 83f, which however has >. beneath the obverse.HSA 15693 AT 23, 3.90 PlatE III

421 A.H. = 1030 A.D.IS70. Rev. legend as no. 69, no orna-*- ment.Marg.: * *>j\j (sic) \jJis. \o&-\ The type requires the date 421, not411 as written. Also it will be noted that the yd of j jtc on thespecimen of 426 has the appearance of an alif.

Borders: obv. and rev. 7.P. 85g.HSA 15704 N 22, 3.94 Plate III2


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20 MULUK AL-TAWA'IF426 A.H. = 1034/35 A.D.71. As no. 70, but date: \j {jjZa} C*P. 851.

HSA 15705 N 22, 4.03 Plate IIIDirhemsMadinat Sabtah414 A.H. = 1023/24 A.D.72' ^\ J;Marg.: j JLc jl (1st quarter rectilinear)

Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.P. 82d.HSA 15686 M 25, 2.92, twice pierced415 A.H. = 1024/25 A.D.73. Rev. legend as no. 72.cMarg.: (?) [*.)j^c- ~2~ (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.P. 83a.HSA 15688 JR 24, 2.65 Plate III74. As no. 73, but -jjjI, and date: jtc _i-

HSA 15687 M 24, 3.47


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II. HAMMCDID 21416 A.H. = 1025/26 A.D.75. As no. 73, but date: *>j\j jtc c~*P. 83c.ANS (Wood) JR 23, 2.70, twice pierced76. As no. 73, but letter beneath obv. obliterated by piercing, and

date: U *>j\j Ju. cBorders: obv. 6, rev. 7, with some vertical letters extending intoinner border.HSA 15689 JR 23, 2.28, twice pierced77. Date obscure.As no. 73, but date: L *>j\j ju. (?)cBorders: as no. 76.

ANS (Newell, ex Campaner) JR 24, 2.85417 A.H. = 1026/27 A.D.78. As no. 73, but date: (?\j) jtc x-.P. 83e.HSA 15692 R. 23, 2.9679. Rev. legend as no. 72.c

Marg.: jtc a- (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 3, rev. 7.HSA 15580 M 24, 2.80 Plate III418 A.H. = 1027/28 A.D.80. Rev. legend as no. 72, but at r left of 1st and 3rd lines.Marg.: j jU-Ck *~J (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.P. 83g.HSA 15694 JR 22, 3.17


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22 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF81. Rev. legend as no. 72.rMarg.: j\j \jix-Q\i (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.P. 85b.

HSA 15703 JR 22, 2.72 PLAtE III82. As no. 81, but date: jLc OUANS (Newell, ex Campaner) JR1 22, 2.81419 A.H. = 1028 A.D.83. Rev. legend as no. 72.Marg.: *>j\j Ju. *~5 (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.P. 84b. = V. 767 = this coin.1

HSA 15696 JR 24, 3.16, pierced Plate III84. As no. 83, but date: jLc *SHSA 15701 JR 22, 2.47420 A.H. = 1029 A.D.85. As no. 83, but date: ifU >uj\j CJj^-Borders: obv. 15, rev. 16.P. 84c.HSA 15698 JR 22, 3.21

86. As no. 83, but date: uj\j (jjZaBorders: obv. 6, rev. 7.ANS (Newell) JR 22, 2.89, twice pierced1 Vives, probably by error, does not list Codera as the owner of this coin.


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24 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF423 A.H. = 1031/32 A.D.93. As no. 83, but date: ju.^ viA>*Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.P. 84 f.HSA 15647 JR 23, 2.95425 A.H. = 1033/34 A.D.

94. . ^\i . Rev. legend as no. 72.Marg.: *>j\j jcj _j- (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 42, rev. 7.P. 84h.HSA 15702 M 23, 2.40 Plate IIIAL-'ALI IDRlS II b. YAHYAFirst Reign

434-438 A.H. = 1043-1047 A.D.1DirhemsMadinat Sabtah422 A.H. = 1050/51 A.D.-nil JUJ1 ail jvt\95.1 Although officially his first reign ended in 438, the coins demonstrate that

he continued to exercise authority in certain areas from 439 until 446.^


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II. HAMMtJDID 25Marg.: ju?l (all four quarters rectilinear)Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.P. 95a1 = V. 836 (Codera) = this coin (?)HSA 15725 JR1 22, 2.04. Plate IIIAl-Andalus

437 A.H. = 1045/46 A.D.96* ~^T crV* fl-Vl&\ JUJI+Marg.: ,j\j ilo .u. o_/ a0\ ~~J (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 15, rev. 7.P. 93a.HSA 15724 JR1 22, 2.45, twice pierced97. Mint ? As no. 96, but name beneath obv. obscure, and mint ?Marg.: t\ij *j^ (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.HSA 15722 jR2 22, 2.48, twice pierced438 A.H. = 1046/47 A.D.98. Rev. legend as no. 96, ornament:Marg.: OU (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.P. 93b.HSA 15723 JR1 23, 1.71 Plate III1 Prieto throughout erroneously transcribes


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MULtJK AL-TAWA'IFAL-MAHDI MUHAMMAD I b. IDRlS438-446 A.H. = 1047-1055 A.D.99.

DirhemsAl-Andalus (= Malaga)439 A.H. = 1047/48 A.D.6666jjf-

j^ruyiU*jil JU>4Jil> (^j^il66Marg.: juL'j -JBorders: obv. 6a, rev. 7.P. 103a.ANS (Wood) JRi 25, 3.32 Plate III100. Rev. legend as no. 99, no orna-te ments.Marg.: iL*^ -J (1st quarter rectilinear)

Jesse Yockers, M 22, 3.02440 A.H. = 1048/49 A.D.101. Rev. legend as no. 99, no orna-


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II. HAMMUDID 27102.. jjf-.Marg.: jlj j\ANS (Newell) M 24, 4.00 Plate III

104. As no. 102, but date: j u^_}


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28 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF109. As no. 105, but date: >j\j -\ANS (Wood) M* 24, 3.18110. As no. 105, but scyphate, and date; j\j ^j^lANS (Wood) M1 23, 2.95111. As no. 105, but date: (?) j\j ^s^Borders: obv. 42a, rev. 7.HSA 13730 JR? 24, 3.22112. As no. 105, but scyphate, and date: \j ^jo-IANS (Wood) JRX 22, 3.19, fitted for ring Plate III

113. As no. 105, but date: j\ j ,j a>-\Borders: obv. 3a, rev. 7.ANS (Wood) JR1 23, 2.91442 A.H. = 1050/51 A.D.114. Rev. legend as no. 102.Marg.: *ol_j jdM (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 6a, rev. 7.P. 104d.HSA 13726 JR* 25, 4.67 Plate IV115. As no. 114.Borders: obv. 3a, rev. 7.

ANS M1 24, 3.82116. As no. 114, but date: *o\j


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II. HAMMtJDID117. As no. 114, but date: j\j ^iLMBorders: as no. 115.HSA 13727 M2 22, 3.23

118. As no. 114, but date: \j jCiMBorders: as no. 115.HSA 13725 M2 24, 3.19119. As no. 114, but date: (?)j tfJs\Borders: as no. 115.

HSA 15732 JR? 24, 4.10443 A.H. = 1051/52 A.D.120. Rev. legend as no. 102.Marg.: j {Jmj\j ^.\i (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 15, rev. 7.

P. 104e.HSA 15735 JR? 22, 2.83121. As no. 120, but date: &mj\j viA?Borders: obv. 6a, rev. 7.ANS (Wood) JR2 24, 3.97

L22.-124. As no. 120, but date: >j\j dl*Borders: as no. 121.HSA 13728 M2 22, 3.55 Plate IVANS (Newell, ex White King) M2 23, 4.49ANS -St2 22, 2.32, twice pierced

125. As no. 122, but borders: obv. 3a, rev. 7.ANS (Newell) JR2 23, 3.52


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30MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF126.-127. As no. 120, but date: \j ^1*Borders: obv. 6a, rev. 16.HSA 15733 M 22, 3.09

HSA 15734 JR 24, 3.46128.-129.Marg.: *jo^1j ctij* (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 3a, rev. 7.P. 105.HSA 15737 M 23, 3.38

ANS JR* 24, 3.99130. As no. 128, but date: (


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II. HAMMtJDID 31133.AL-'ALI IDRlS II b. YAHYASecond Reign

444-447 A.H. = 1052-1055 A.D.DirhemsAl-Andalus445 A.H. = 1053/54 A.D.uncertain ornament t-r' 'Oil JUl

o oMarg.: joojlj ^jt- ^^ 4ttl ^ (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 3a, rev. 7.P. 96b.HSA 15719 M 24, 2.15 Plate IVCa. 445 A.H. = 1053/54 A.D.*\ Jul0.|CLb all j^jo\Marg.: date effaced (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 6, rev. 16.

P. 97.HSA 15726 M 23, 1.61


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32 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IFAL-WATHIQ AL-QASIM II. b. MUHAMMAD b. AL-QASIM440-446 A.H. = 1048-1055 A.D.DirhemsAl-Andalus (= al-Jazlrah)445 A.H. = 1053/54 A.D.135. @Marg.: U gj\j fi*>j\j


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III. ZIRID (Granada)1BADlS b. HABBUS b. MAKSIN AL-SINHAJPCa.430466A.H. = 10381074 A. D.(In name of Hammudid, Idris II)Dirhems3Madinat GharnatahNo Date (in 450's A.H. = 1060's A.D.)

138. * +*oil> (sic) lU\oMarg.: 1 iL- UA^ iLoJu: ._J (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 15, rev. 7.P. lllf.HSA 15731 1R 23, 3.32139. As no. 138, but marg. ends: aJL.Borders: obv. 6, rev. 16.

HSA 15729 JR 23, 3.28 Plate IVi Cf. P., pp. 28-32, 113-114.2 Cf. Encyclopaedia of Islam, s. v. Badls.' Coins of circular, or nearly circular, crude but conventional appearance, andmore or less normal weight.4 What appears to be a crescent-like ornament on both obv. and rev. of manyof these coins is simply a punch for j or o widely separated from the restof the legend.


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36MUL0K AL-TAWA'IF144.Marg.: J*.4l1 \r1-

Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.HSA 15730 JR 23, 2.95145.Rev. legend as no. 138, ornament:Plate IVRev. legend as no. 138, ornamentabove area, if any, effaced.

.41Marg.: 4)11 ^Borders: effaced.ANS (Wood) JR. 21, 1.76, clipped146.Rev. legend as no. 138, no or-nament.Marg.: ju:

Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.ANS (Wood) JR 22, 2.62147. As no. 144, but marg.: Ojj:Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.ANS (Wood) M 22, 3.1841 pJ148.

Double Dirhems (S)1Madinat GbarnatahNo Date (in 450's A.H. = 1060's A.D.). Rev. legend as no. 138, ornaments: ojl3-J 4)11 . OO1 Crude coins, mostly roughly rectangular in shape, heavy in weight.


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38 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IFAl-Andalus (Malaga?)Date Uncertain (in 450's A.H. = 1060's A.D.)153. O

rtlUJIMarg.: ^ iL- JjuVl> (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 6, rev. 9.P. 111b.HSA 15727 JR 23x 20, 6.03 PlatE IV


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IV. BERGHAWATAH GOVERNOR OF CEUTA1SAQAWT b. MUHAMMAD154.453-471 A.H.Dirhems= 1061-1078 A.D.Madinat Sabtah

464(?)A.H. == 1071/72 (?)A.D.j^aJl\^X\OUil

ruylO $U4ii\ JucaJjjJI ifMarg.: jvL^j (?) >ojl iL- Cu 2LoJj: (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 52, rev. 55.P. 126a; Hazard 883 = this coin.HSA 14217 M* 24, 3.71 Plate V

46X A.H. = 1068-1077 A.D.155. As no. 154, but date: j\JLjHSA 13746 M* 22, 3.28 PlatE V1 Cf. P., pp. 27, 31, 117; Harry W. Hazard, The Numismatic History of LateMedieval North Africa (ANS Numismatic Studies, No. 8), N. Y., 1952, pp.57-59, 235-236, 281-282.


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V. BANU-KHAZAR (MAGHRAWA)*AL-MU'IZZ b. ZlRI b. 'ATlYAH2DirhemMadinat Fas410 A.H. = 1019/20 A.D.158 5- fUVlMarg.: *tj\j jU. iL- ,jlj iljox (1st quarter rectilinear)

Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.P. 1323 = V. 804 (Codera and Vives) = (probably) this coin.HSA 15717 M1 22, 3.87 Plate V1 The "Beniatia" and "Zenetas de Fez" of Prieto, pp. 31, 117.2 Cf. Miles, Umayyads of Spain, pp. 80-81; Encyclopaedia of Islam, s. v.Zenata. On the coin described below al- Mu'izz acknowledges the sovereigntyof the Hammudid Caliph, al- Qasim I.3 Prieto lists this issue as unique, but Vives had already inventoried two speci-

mens.


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VI. ELOTAREVOLUTIONARY PERIOD*MUJAHID (?)DirhemXLjM ("Elota")406 A.H. = 1015/16 A.D.159.n

4li\ JUCMarg.: >j\j ~ /jjJIBorders: obv. 15a, rev. 7.P. 137 = V. 820 (Coders) = this coin (?).HSA 15718 M 25, 3.37 Plate V1 Cf. P., pp. 35, 105, 119. For the mint-name and mention of the coin heredescribed, see Umayyads of Spain, pp. 53-54. Also cf. no. 357, infra.2 It appears as though a line had been gouged out of the die.

3 For my doubts about the reading of the mint-name, see Umayyads of Spain,p. 54.


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VII. ALMERIA-REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD1ZUHAYR(?)DirhemAlmariyah406 (?) A.H. = 1015/16 (?) A.D.160.(?) S.JL1

Marg.: (?) jl j c~* *i-> *->^ 4^


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VIII. 'AMIRID-VALENCIA1AL-MANSUR


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46 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IFObv. marg. :JU: j_jj\ \jjb ^^ -o}\ iRev. marg.: Qur'an IX 33.Borders: obv. 15, rev. 28.ANS (Newell, hoard) N 13, 0.95 Plate V

No Mint163.-165. #-No Date4*l VI 4J1 Vpli* f LVl

IJ-ti)-Oil ju^il^No marginal legends.Borders: obv. and rev.30.P. 147.HSA 13228 N 17, 2.15HSA 13227 N 15, 1.08 Plate VANS (Newell, ex Campaner) N 16, 1.11166.-167.*4-4al VI aJI V rlt* ruviNo marginal legends.Borders: obv. and rev. 30.P. 156.HSA 15761 N 15, 1.46 Plate VHSA 15762 N 14, 1.19


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VIII. 'AMIRIDVALENCIA47168. wcj^s.4aI VI *J1 V

No marginal legends.Borders: obv. and rev. 30.Cf. P. 158.HSA 7906 N 15, 1.12169. Similar to no. 168, but: ^Ae-\

HSA 15764 N 16, 1.87170. Similar to no. 168, but beneath obv. -JfANS (Newell, ex Campaner) N 14, 1.30171.oil VI *JI V

No marginal legends.Borders: obv. and rev. 30.Cf. P. 162.HSA 548 A? 13, 1.080}("LA fLVlPlate VPlate V172.(PROBABLY


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48 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IFNo marginal legends.Borders: obv. and rev. 30.HSA 13225 N 14, 1.13 Plate V

173- ny ri^ruviOil ju^ilNo marginal legends.Borders: obv. and rev. 27.

HSA 7904 N 16, 1.30174- (?)4fliyi*v ruyi4lil ju^l\No marginal legends.Borders: obv. and rev. 30.

HSA 13217 A" 13, 1.00175.DirhemsBalanslyah (Valencia)436 (?) A.H. = 1044/45 (?) A.D.

-Oil ju__dlMarg.:.jl_, v, (?) c iL. (?) ixJlBorders: obv. 15, rev. 16.P. 153b.HSA 15754 ti 24, 2.31 Plate V


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50 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IFMarg.: *>j\j j^>j\j -x-- SJL. JjlJJuJ f.Borders: obv. 6, rev. 16.P. 157d.HSA 15758 M 21, 2.44

180. Mint effaced.ornament ?*jQ^oiis ju^llMarg.:jlj Oi*;-'^ /^-" A^ j*-5. (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.

HSA 15759 ^E 21, 2.18448 A.H. = 1056/57 A.D.181. _4>j in last line has floraltermination. f^ C^Vl

Marg.: *>j\j OU iL- 4jlJLLjBorders: obv. 28, rev. 62.P. 161a.ANS (Newell, ex Campaner) JR1 22, 4.52 Plate VI


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VIII. 'AMIRIDVALENCIA 51AL-MUZAFFAR


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52MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF184.oDirhemsBalansiyah (Valencia)455 A.H. = 1063 A.D.4>j^jOjb ail juolMarg.: jl j t> -J?" ii- iv.....llj (1st quarter rectilinear)Borders: obv. and rev. 7.P. 164b.

HSA 15760 M1 22, 3.46 Plate VI185.Jiui456 A.H. = 1063/64 A.D.Rev. legend as no. 184.j in last line has floral

termination.Marg.: ifU


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VIII. 'AMIRIDVALENCIA 5345X A.H. (ca. 456-457) = ca. 1063-1065 A.D.187. Obv. as no. 186. Rev. legend as no. 184.Marg.: **uj\j ,y~~?-j ix-JJu) (1st quarter rectilinear ?)Borders: obv. and rev. 16.

HSA 15799 JR* 24, 7.0911 Double dirhem ?


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IX. 'AMIRID-ALMERIA1AL-MANStJR


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IX. 'AMIRIDALMERIA 65189. As no. 188, but few traces in margin illegible.ANS (Newell, hoard) AT 11, 0.814fll VI 41 V fL> f uyl(0-Tr

Margs.: traces, probably meaningless.Borders: obv. and rev. 22.ANS (Newell, hoard) AT 13, 0.80 Plate VIANS (Newell, hoard) AT 13, 0.79192-201. ^(?) juC ,j-J ^_^ali\-oil VI aJ\ V fit* fUVltiil J_J~0 j^ 4lil> jo_ji1Marg.: occasional traces on obverse, probably meaningless.Borders: obv. 22, rev. 13.Cf. P. 176a, described as having ^LJI beneath the rev., but theillustration does not show this, and the dies appear to be identical withthe above.ANS (Newell, hoard) A 10 specimens from identical obv. and rev.dies, the latter identical with rev. die of nos. 202-248, below, 10-

14 mm., 0.95, 0.90, 0.82, 0.82, 0.81, 0.74, 0.68, 0.67, 0.64, 0.62Plate VI


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56 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF202.-248. Similar to nos. 192-201, but obv. from a different die, thenames above and beneath mutilated and appearing to readly^-J\ or the like, and ^ & (the first mlm below theline of the other letters); but probably the same name isintended as on. nos. 192-201.Margs.: occasional traces, probably meaningless.

Borders: obv. 17 (outer border usually off flan, final letters of 2ndand 3rd Unes of area appear as annulets between inner borders),rev. 17.ANS (Newell, hoard) AT 47 specimens from identical obv. and rev.dies, the latter identical with rev. die of nos. 192-201, above, 0915mm.,mostly about 11 mm., 1.06, 0.93, 0.82, 0.76, 0.74, 0.72, 0.71, 0.70, 0.68,0.67, 0.66, 0.66, 0.63, 0.61, 0.61, 0.61, 0.60, 0.60, 0.60, 0.60, 0.59, 0.58,0.58, 0.56, 0.55, 0.55, 0.55, 0.55, 0.55, 0.54, 0.52, 0.50, 0.48, 0.47, 0.47,0.47, 0.46, 0.46, 0.45, 0.44, 0.39, 0.39, 0.39, 0.37, 0.36, 0.35, 0.34

Plate VI249. Identical with nos. 202-248, same dies, but not in hoard.ANS AT 13, 0.75250.-256. Obv. as nos. 192-201.J>&ililf Li* f UVlMargs.: rare traces, probably meaningless.Borders: obv. and rev. 22.

Cf. P. 176a.ANS (Newell, hoard) N 7 specimens from identical obv. and rev.dies, the former identical with obv. die of nos. 192-201, above, 11-13 mm., 1.01, 0.95, 0.80, .0.75, 0.75, 0.61, 0.40 Plate VI1 This word is very obscure, but it resembles that on the silver (no. 260, below),which is quite probably ^Ul.


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58 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF260. ^ (t)jj^Si\jut4&\ VI -01 VMargs.: obliterated or off flan.Borders: obv. 22 ?, rev. 24.

Cf. P. 175, with *^>-JI jug J" I on one line beneath obv., and jy*&\and jjd\ above and beneath rev.HSA 15743 M* 18, 2.00 Plate VI261. Probably similar to no. 260, with (?)ju.t>l above obv. area,name beneath mostly effaced; rev., jj^i\ clear above, (?) ^-.U)Ibeneath.HSA 15742 M1 16, 1.55


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X. TORTOSA-SLAVE KINGDOM1MU'IZZ AL-DAWLAH SAYF AL-MILLAH MUQATIL (ORMUQABIL)Ca. 427-445 A.H. = 1035-1054 A.D.DirhcmsTurtushah (Tortosa)*No Date;2- dUU juciiil i_i>..^VI All Vf L* f UVl

oj^-J 4&\-Oil. jujll15-^4JjU*Marg.: 1*. i^is^LjBorders: obv. 6, rev. 31.P. 187b.

ANS (Newell, ex Campaner) M1 24, 3.75 Plate VI263. As no. 262, but obv. 0 ! and rev.,J-U*/>Marg.: iJL- Ll^^kiANS (Newell, ex Campaner) JR1 24, frg. lacking1 Cf. P., pp. 38-39, 121-122.


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60MULtJK AL-TAWA'IFNo MintNo Date264.-265.As obverse.

/\Within circle:>*vyv*/ajjj\A*\=l\

$Within circle: *JI V-oil VI.In segments between points oflarge star:fA*4H

(*.***.Within segments:a*jj^\> aJujI-ailJjf-P. 194 (probably) = V. 1392 (Codera, 2)1HSA 14256 M 23, 3.86

HSA 14257 M 24, 3.15these specimens (?).Plate VIVives attributed these unusual pieces to Mu'izz al-Dawlah of Le-.rida or Tortosa, ca. 445-450 A.H2. But the name of Ya'la- is notpresent, and it would seem more likely to me that they belong toMuqatil (?), although actually there is no clear evidence that theyare issues of Tortosa at all.x Also one of Vives.2 P., pp. 121-122, 190.


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XI. DENIA-SLAVE KINGDOM*AL-MUWAFFAQ BPLIAH ABtJ'L-JAYSH MUJAHID b.'ABDULLAH AL-'AMIRICa. 405-436 A.H. = 1014-1045 A.D.DirhemMadinat Danyah

435 A.H. = 1043/44 A.D.266.>4&\ Jl.Ji.1Marg.: j i-^f- iL* LjIj ILjju:Borders: obv. 3, rev. 22.P. 207b.ANS (Wood) JR1 23, 3.10 Plate VI1 Cf. P., pp. 34^37, 122-123; Encyclopaedia of Islam, s. v. Mudjahid.


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62 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IFIQBAL AL-DAWLAH ta"Borders: obv. 45, rev. 57.P. 209d.

ANS JR1 25, 3.41 Plate VI440 A.H. = 1048/49 A.D.268. As no. 267, but date: Rev. legend as no. 267, ornament:Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.P. 209 f.ANS (Wood) M1 24, 2.82441 A.H. = 1049/50 A.D.

269. As no. 267, but date:Borders: obv. 6, rev. 16.P. 209g.ANS (Wood) M1 21, 2.48, twice pierced


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XI. DENIASLAVE KINGDOM 63270. Date ? Rev. as no. 268.As no. 267, but date:Borders: obv. 15, rev. 7.ANS (Newell) JR* 24, 3.03Date Effaced (438-441 A.H. = 1046-1050 A.D.)271. As no. 268, but date effaced.ANS (Wood) Jt2 21, 3.50272.J*

442 A.H. = 1050/51 A.D.Rev. as no. 268.dUiljucMarg.: jlj


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64 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF448 A.H. = 1056/57 A.D.275. As no. 273, but date:mj\j OUBorders: obv. 2, rev. 7.

P. 212c.ANS (Wood) M1 23, 4.10276. As preceding, but date: \j OUBorders: obv. 2, rev. 5.ANS (Newell, ex Campaner) JR1 25, 6.25449 A.H. = 1057/58 A.D.277. As no. 273, but date: ,Jmj\j ~JBorders: obv. 6, rev. 4.P. 212d.HSA 15867 JRi 25, 6.82 Plate VII278. As preceding, but date: *>j\j ~J

Borders: obv. 3, rev. 7.ANS (Newell, ex Campaner) M1 25, 8.11450 A.H. = 1058/59 A.D.279. As no. 273, but date: (? j)jl->Borders: obv. 3, rev. 7.

Lacking in P.HSA 15868 jR1 26, 6.20, frg. lackingDate Effaced (446-455 A.H. = 1054-1063 A.D.)280.-282. As no. 273, dates effaced.HSA 15864 JR2 19, 2.21HSA 15863 M 23, 3.79, twice pierced

HSA 15862 M 22, 3.21


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66 MULtTK AL-TAWA'IF288.-289. As preceding, but date: iJU *>j\j (ylL>j jUANS (Newell) JR1 23, 4.87ANS (Wood) M 24, 3.90, twice pierced. *290. As preceding, but date: >oj\j ju-o )UANS (Newell, as Campaner) JR 24, 4.47291. As preceding, but date: LcHSA 15859 JR1 23, 3.56, frg. lacking


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292.XII. KINGDOM OF MALLORCA1'ABDULLAH AL-MURTADA468-486 A.H. = 1076-1093 A.D.DirhemsMadinat Mayurqah

480 A.H. = 1087/88 A.D. o * 4il1 Jl^C fUV> o-Di\ Juto Marg.: ajujujIj jU -u~> 4sj_5-o. O-U Various points and circles inmargin.2

Borders: obv. 3 or 6, rev. 31 or 35. Occasional annulets abovemarginal legend and in borders.P. 218a.ANS (Newell, ex Campaner) JR1 23, 4.06 Plate VII293. Obv. as no. 292, but 4il jj. Rev- as no- 292.and date: *>j\j jvjU ^ANS (Wood, ex Low) JR1 24, 3.261 Cf. P., pp. 35-37, 123.

2 Throughout this series.


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68 MULUK AL-TAWA'IF294. As no. 293, but last digit partly obliterated by piercings.HSA 15833 JR1 24, 4.88, twice pierced295. Obv. as no. 293, but date: Rev. as no. 292, but: JU*^]J jj\ANS (Wood) JR1 24, 5.27 0

296. Obv. as no. 292, but: 4&\ Vl *JI V o) and date: j \.'.

.\4al jut/.and date: ifU (sic) 1*>j\j (sic) jvjU iijyj* ioAiANS (Newell, ex Campaner) JR1 24, 4.34481 A.H. = 1088/89 A.D.298.-300. Obv. as no. 292, Rev- as no- 292> but:but date: UjU^I #.ju jjllP. 218b.

HSA 15834 M1 23, 4.52ANS (Wood) JR1 23, 3.40ANS (University Museum) M1 23, 4.47


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XII. KINGDOM OF MALLORCA 69301. Obv. as no. 298, but: Rev. as no. 292, but partiallya o obliterated by piercings, and:and marginal legend begins at9 o'clock.ANS (Wood) JR1 23, 3.36, twice pierced

302. As no. 298, but partially obliterated by piercings, and marginallegend begins at 11 o'clock.HSA 15835 JR1 23, 2.19, twice pierced303. Obv. as no. 292, but date: Rev. as no. 292, but:ANS (Wood, ex Low) JR1 23, 3.89 PlatE VII482 A.H. = 1089/90 A.D.304. Obv. as no. 292, but date: Rev. as no. 292, but:

P. 218c.ANS (Wood) JR1 23, 3.70 Plate VII305. Obv. as no. 292, but date: Rev. as no. 304.ANS (Newell, ex Campaner) JR1 21, 3.51306. Obv. as no. 292, but date: Rev. as no. 292, but:ANS (Newell) JR1 22, 3.55307. Obv. as no. 292, but date: Rev. as no. 292, but:o

HSA 15837 JR1 21, 3.20, twice pierced


82/199

70 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF308. Obv. as no. 292, but date: Rev. as no. 292, but:o(sic) ^Ae-ANS (Wood) JRl 22, 3.72483 A.H. = 1090/91 A.D.309. Obv. as no. 292, but date: Rev. as no. 292, but:oP. 218d.HSA 15836 M1 22, 4.12 PlatE VII

310. As preceding, but end of date obliterated.HSA 15838 JR1 20, 3.06, twice pierced311. Obv. as no. 292, but date: Rev. as no. 309.ANS (Newell, ex Campaner) JRl 22, 3.94312. .j 11 Rev. as no. 292, but:4iil VI Jl V ** ^

o o/.4ll jL6/.OMarg.: Icj IT^IANS (Wood) JR1 22, 5.25


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XII. KINGDOM OF MALLORCA 71313. Obv. as preceding, but date: Rev. as no. 292, but:ANS (Wood) JR1 22, 5.77484 A.H. = 1091/92 A.D.314. Obv. as no. 312, but \s Rev. as no. 292, but:beneath, and date:P. 218e.ANS (Wood) JR1 23, 4.18315. Obv. as no. 312, but date: Rev. as no. 314.*ota Cfikj hoj\ANS (Wood) JR1 25, 5.64316. Obv. as no. 312, but date: Rev. as no. 314.*ANS (Newell, ex Campaner) ^R1 24, 4.17317. Obv. as no. 312, but date: Rev. as no. 314.*HSA 15839 JR1 24, 5.40O318. Obv. as no. 314, but date: Rev. as no. 292, but: ,\ v_J&\ ,\

(sic) t\j JViUj huj\HSA 15840 ^R1 22, 3.40 Plate VII


84/199

72 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF485 A.H. = 1092/93 A.D.319. Obv. as no. 312, but w Rev. as no. 314.beneath, and date:

*P. 218g.ANS (Wood) JR1 22, 4.29, twice pierced320. Jj 1\ Rev* ** no- 314-4lil vi *s\ v

A3dl>Voa^j.*.4J)I juc.*.Marg.: Ij sU j 2L>ANS (Newell, ex Campaner) M1 24, 4.42486 A.H. = 1093 A.D.321. Obv. as no. 312, but v^ Rev. as no. 318.beneath, and date:P. 218h.ANS (Newell, ex Campaner) M1 23, 3.90322. Obv. as no. 320, but date: Rev. as no. 318.* m

ANS (Wood, ex Low) JR1 25, 4.87 PlatE VII


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XII. KINGDOM OF MALLORCA 73323.NASIR AL-DAWLAH MUBASHIR b. SULAYMAN486-508 A.H. = 1093-1115 A.D.DirhemsMadinat Mayurqah487 A.H. = 1094/95 A.D.

4ul VI *J1 V -cil j^ fUVl* Marg.: jUj *~- 4JL. isj^ aJjocBorders: obv. 25, rev. 43 or 44.1P. 219a.ANS (Newell, ex Campaner) JR1 24, 4.36 Plate VII488 A.H. = 1095 A.D.0* 324. Obv. as no. 323, but O; j-^* Rev. as no. 323, but: iljjJl

and date:


86/199

74 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF499 A.H. = 1105/06 A.D. o326. Obv. as no. 323, but ^ jZ Rev. as no. 324.and date: -Jj -JP. 219i.ANS (Newell, ex Campaner) M1 23, 4.05 PlatE VII

501 A.H. = 1107/08 A.D.O327. Obv. as no. 323, but & yu* Rev. as no. 323.and date: -j-j j&-\P. 219k.ANS JR 22, 3.80505 A.H. = 1111/12 A.D.3281. Obv. as no. 324, but date: Rev. as no. 323, but jJi

l+~jt-j ^jt- and iJjjJUP. 219o.ANS (Newell, ex Campaner) JR1 20 x 22 (nearly square) 4.66Plate VIII506 A.H.= 1112/13A.D.329.

4fll VI *ll V 0 3,011J^jf-J- Marg.:--...-g-j 4Ju

P. 219p.ANS (Wood) M 25 (nearly square),frg.1 Mr. Jesse Yockers has a specimen similar to no. 328, but with date and rev.similar to no. 324.


87/199


88/199

XIII. TUJIBID OF ZARAGOZA*AL-MUZAFFAR YAHYA b. MUNDHIR414-420 A.H. = 1023-1029 A.D.Fractional Dinar(Madinat) Saraqustah418 A.H. = 1027/28 A.D.333. ff^bU

viJiyAiil juc fUVlojl>-j 4Ul^CoBjil JJ>\

ddL^yC^Marg.: Qur'an IX 33Borders: obv. and rev.23.

Similar to P. 223, date lacking.ANS (Newell, hoard) N 12,0.90Plate VIII

1 Cf. P., pp. 43-45, 125-126.


89/199

XIII. TUJlBID OF ZARAGOZA 77MU'IZZ AL-DAWLAH AL-MANSUR MUNDHIR II b. YAHYA420-430 A.H. = 1029-1039 A.D.334.DinarsSaraqustah423 A.H. = 1031/32

A.D.-*f*.^aiyuy.rLi* rUVIa^s-j -Oil*Jdl_^V

(floral j)AJil Ju*ilMarg.: Qur'an IX 33, complete Marg.: viA? 2uL- 'L?--|ifU ^>jlj C/j^jBorders: obv. and rev. 18.P. 226a = V. 1138 (Codera) = this coin.1HSA 15777 AT 22, 3.87 PlatE VIII428 A.H. = 1036/37 A.D.

335. - , ...


90/199

78 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IFMarg.: Qur'an IX 33, to ^j Marg.: IL- SU ....>. Borders: obv. and rev. 20.P. 229.HSA 15778 N 22, 3.02 Plate VIIIFractional DinarsSaraqustah428 A.H. = 1036/37 A.D.336. 4jil ^ ^

Marg.: Qur'an IX 33, to f$j Marg.: 2UL- ikJ^-j*j tij^jOkBorders: obv. and rev. 7.P. 230 = V. 1141 (Codera) = this coin.HSA 15779 AT 14x 17, 1.71 PlatE VIIIDate Effaced.^ ill Rev. area similar to no. 335.337. _l^__JlXIaMarg.: traces Marg.: effaced

Borders: traces.ANS (Newell, hoard) N 12 x 14, 1.03


91/199

XIII. TUJlBID OF ZARAGOZA79338.JjJuoMarg.: tracesBorders: obv. and rev. 21.ANS (Newell, hoard) AT lOx 11, 0.78

? obscure339.DirhemsSaraqustah430 A.H. = 1038/39 A.D.4al juc fLVlMarg.: ^^cL* iL. iL_J^jBorders: obv. 3, rev. 7.P. 231 = V. 1142 (Codera2 and Vives) = this coin.

HSA 15814 JR1 25, 3.55, twice pierced340. As no. 339, but date:if u >uj\ j f^jiHSA 15815 M1 24, 2.61, twice piercedPlate VIII1 Prieto y Vives and Vives transcribed j# (?)> but it seems to me clear thatthe letters on this specimen as well as on the two others below are clearly_^. The final letter cannot possibly be dal.2 Three specimens in the Codera collection according to Vives. The two others

are probably nos. 340 and 341, below.


92/199

80 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF341. As no. 339, but date:HSA 15816 JR1 26, 3.95, twice pierced'ABDULLAH b. AL-HAKAM*

430-431 A.H. = 1039 A.D.DirhemSaraqusfcah430 A.H. = 1039 A.D.342. ~*\&Oii I jU.

Marg.: j\j ,^L* iL. ikjyjBorders: obv\ 3, rev. 11.P. 232 = V. 1143 (Codera) = this coin.HSA 15813 JR1 24, 2.98, twice pierced Plate VIII1 See Dozy, Recherches, I (3rd ed.), pp. 235-239.


93/199

XIV. HUDID OF ZARAGOZA1AL-MUSTA'lN ABtJ-AYYtfB SULAYMAN b. H0D431-438 A.H. = 1039-1047 A.D.Fractional DinarsMint EffacedDate Effaced343.

i^Cf}Oil^jj 11Alii jbjilMarg.: traces.Borders: obv. and rev. 23.P. 234b.ANS (Newell, hoard) AT 11, 0.60 PlatE VIII

43X A.H.344. : Rev. as no. 343.Marg.: \j j- .... ^je *a\ ~j Marg.: Qur'an IX 33, traces.Borders: obv. and rev. 35.Similar to P. 235 (dated 431).ANS (Newell, hoard) N 13, 1.21 PlatE VIII1 Cf. P., pp. 4550, 126131: Dozy, Recherches, I (3rd ed.), pp. 231ff.6 Miles


94/199

82 MULtJK AL TAWA'IFDate Effaced346. Similar to no. 344, but traces only of margins, and bordersapparently obv. and rev. 23.ANS (Newell, hoard) AT 11, 0.880

4lilJS~\(yjJLJLirLijb rUVl** ' >*'* 4ttl JUjUttarg.: traces.Marg.: off flan.borders: obv. 21, rev. 26.Similar to P. 238 (dated 432)HSA 15781 AT 11,0.71Plate VIIINo DateVI *H VRev. as no. 343.OtX-J 4lilJ^lNo marginal legends.Borders: obv. and rev. 27.P. 243.HSA 15780 AT 13, 1.05348. oil J^L\VI *JI V fls* fUVlJuf\ 4ttl> juJ^I


95/199

XIV. HUDID OF ZARAGOZA 83No marginal legends.Borders: obv. 13, rev. 30.P. 244.

HSA 15782 N 12, 0.97349.DirhemsAl-Andalus436 A.H. = 1044/45 A.D.0 *XUbuS-l

f Li* rUVlMarg.: *olj ^J >i-' *x- -^Jju'VlsBorders: obv. 6a, rev. 7a.P. 241b.

HSA 15806 JR1 26, 3.97, twice pierced350. c$Rev. as no. 349, but:Marg.: llo iL-Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.

HSA 15804 JR* 23, 4.19351. Date ?Obv. as no. 349, but date: 0Rev. as no. 349, but:(t)c- -***-Borders: as no. 350.

HSA 15805 JR1 24, 3.42. Plate VIII6


96/199

84MULtJK AL-TAWA'IFSaraqustah431 A.H. = 1039/40 A.D.

352.ornament****>.'Marg.: iL'j jip-1 iL- iL-JJ^-jBorders: obv. 53, rev. obscure.

P. 233 = V. 1144 = probably this coin.HSA 15812 M1 26, 2.64353. Obv. as no. 352, but date:4&1 .X.J1IBorders: obv. 6a, rev. 11.

P. 234a = V. 1145 (Codera) = this coin.HSA 15811 M1 24, 4.60354.t>436 A.H.(obscure)JJf\Marg.: if U *>j\j jcil?j c*Borders: obv. obscure, rev. 7.P. 241a.HSA 15810 JR1 24, 2.58

1044/45 A.D.Rev. as no. 352, but: -**>**


97/199

XIV. HCDID OF ZAEAGOZA 85355. Obv. as no. 354, but date: Rev. as no. 352, but: jgUU *>j\j ilo iJL. ôf juîl has floral ending.Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.HSA 15809 JR1 26, 3.77, twice pierced PlatE VIII

356. jg Rev. as no. 352, but: j^Marg.: ^Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7 ?HSA 15803 JR1 24, 3.37, twice pierceditjJI ("Elota")1436 A.H. = 1044/45 A.D.

367. 4* -us I.Marg.: mj\j jkj iL, iL. iL^LBorders: obv. 15a, rev. 16.HSA 15802 M1 24, 3.43 Plate IXNo Mint Name437 A.H. = 1045/46 A.D.

358. Rev. as no. 352, but: ornamenttMarg.: jJn*j x~. iL. fjjJl 1 j* tjî 4iil ^Borders: obv. 6. rev. 7.P. 241d.HSA 15807 Jt2 26, 3.68, twice pierced1 Cf. no. 159, above, and the notes there.


98/199

86 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF359.j^1 Rev. as no. 352, but:Marg.: *olj Jr j i~. âJI 1jj i_*î -oil ^

(not enough space for mint name)Borders: as no. 358.HSA 15808 Ml 25, 3.04, twice pierced Plate IXTAJ AL-DAWLAH SULAYMAN (b. Ytf SUF ?)*Ca. 438-441 A.H. = 1046-1050 A.D.Fractional Dinars

No MintNo Date360. . iwâi-oil VI aJI V fli*fUVljJ -J -Oil4iil jujl1 Cf. P., pp. 46, 127.


99/199

XIV. HtJDID OF ZARAGOZA 87Borders: as no. 360.P. 250 = V. 1160 (Codera and others) = this coin.HSA 15784 AT 12 x 14, 1.53 PlatE IX362. . I Rev. as no. 361.

Borders: as no. 360.HSA 15786 AT 12, 0.96 Plate IX363- 6 a^t z\;Borders: as no. 360.P. 256b.ANS (Newell, ex Campaner) A7" 12 x 14, 0.98 PlatE IX

364. . \_^\X-\Borders: as no. 360.P. 2581 = V. 1158 (Codera) = this coin (?)HSA 15785 A?" 14 x 15, 1.26 Plate IX1 Attributed to Zaragoza on the basis of style.


100/199

88 MULttK AL-TAWA'IFDirhemsSaraqustah439 A.H. = 1047/48 A.D.365. -*- ~r&\(j of Su_jZ has floral ending) A*^ f\j^\(j of ju^ll has floral ending)

Marg.: -J JUL. iia-Jj-JBorders: obv. 6, rev. 7.P. 259 = V. 1156 = this coin (?).HSA 15817 M 24, 3.88 PlatE IXI-Oil JujllBorders: obv. and rev. 30.

(0^HSA 15791 A?" 12,1.27Plate IX1 Cf. P., p. 128, for the anomaly of Yusuf's (Ahmad's successor) coins struckin 474.2 Attribution doubtful.


101/199

XIV. HtJDID OF ZARAGOZA 89367- r ^Margins: obv. none on flan, rev. traces (?).Borders: obv. 14, rev. 21.

Cf. P. 263b.ANS (Newell, hoard) N 12, 0.90 PlatE IXDirhemsSaraqustah

441 A.H. = 1049/50A.D.'8- ^ Oftlojil J-U>1

*JdL^-V4lilj ju^ilj

iJjjJl sl*cMarg.: j ^J^-l iJL.

A - j--*Borders: obv. 6, rev. 7.P. 262 = V. 1170 (Codera) = this coin.HSA 15904 M1 24, 2.54 Plate IX


102/199

90 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF369. J*L MIW>^ rl& rUV1us-I (j has floral

ending)Marg.: ^jua-lBorders: as no. 368.P. 265a.

HSA 15903 JR.1 25, 3.32 Plate IX370. Rev. legend as no. 369.Marg.: j\j \j&-\Borders: as no. 368.

HSA 15902 JR1 24, 2.06444 A.H. = 1052/53 A.D.371. Rev. legend as no. 369, but:-*. 6Marg.: +*>j\j *,j\Borders: obv. and rev. 7.P. 265d.HSA 15901 JR1 26, 4.23o o

9372. Rev. legend as no. 369.


103/199

XIV. HtJDID OF ZARAGOZA 91Marg.: ,j\j gj\Borders: obv. and rev. 7 (with annulets between outer circles).ANS (Wood, ex Low) JR* 26, 3.63 Plate IX373. Rev. legend as no. 369.Marg.: j\j uj\

Borders: obv. 7, rev. as no. 372.HSA 15900 M1 26, 5.96445 A.H. = 1053/54 A.D.374. Obv. as no. 372, but date: Rev. legend as no. 369.Borders: as no. 372.P. 265 f.ANS (Wood, ex Low) M1 27, 4.29 PlatE IX375. Date ?

As no. 374, but M, ornament above obv. obscure, date *>j\j (and outer borders obscure.HSA 15898 M 27, 3.43, punched but not pierced.446 A.H. = 1054/55 A.D.376. Rev. legend as no. 369.Marg.: >j\j c~*Borders: obv. and rev. 7.P. 265g.

HSA 15897 JR1 27, 4.35 Plate IX


104/199


105/199

XIV. HtJDID OF ZARAGOZA 93381. ^M* Rev. legend as no. 379.Marg.: j\j .x-Borders: obv. 7, rev. 7 with annulets.

ANS (Newell, ex Campaner) JR1 25, 4.22Date Effaced (441-447 A.H.)382. _ Rev. legend as no. 369.HSA 15893 JR* 24 x 20, irregular flan, 3.89o ornament? _ , , _.

obi. Rev. legend as no. 369.Crude style.HSA 14247 JR2 24, 2.43448 A.H. = 1056/57 A.D.384.-385. Rev. legend as no. 369.

Marg.: jty*>j\j 4ljUBorders: as no. 372.P. 267b.HSA 15891 JR1 24, 3.19 Plate XHSA 15892 JR1 25, 4.23449 A.H. = 1057/58 A.D.V*9386.-387. !i_2 Rev. legend as no. 369.Marg.: j\j ^JBorders: as no. 381.P. 267c.

HSA 15889 M1 25, 3.28 Plate XHSA 15890 JR* 24, 3.71


106/199

94 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF388. Date ? Anomalous style and fabric.ornament? Rev. legend as no. 369.Marg.: (0 fc*"A> () -J

Borders: obv. 7 or 16, rev. 7.HSA 15590 M thick, 28, 7.12, twice pierced450 A.H. = 1058/59 A.D.389. Rev. legend as no. 369.Marg.: ,y~j-Borders: obv. and rev. 16.P. 267d.HSA 15887 ^R1 24, 3.58C


107/199

XIV. HtJDID OF ZARAGOZA95464 A.H. = 1071/72 A.D.393. Rev. legend a....Zj *jj\Borders:

obv. and rev. 7.P. 268e.ANTS (Newell) M1 25, 6.48465 A.H. = 1072/73 A.D.394. Date ?J*Rev. legend as no. 369, but:Marg.: (?)Lo ^J-Borders: obv. 16, rev. 7.

P. 268 f.HSA 15886 JR* 25, 3.51466 A.H. = 1073/74 A.D.395. Rev. legend as no. 369.Marg.: >j\j juLo c~-Borders: obv. and rev. 7.1P. 268g.HSA 15884 M* 25, 5.47 Plate X1 Part or all of the outer circle frequently off the flan on the succeeding speci-

mens below.


108/199

96 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF396. As no. 395, but date ends: jOLoHSA 15882 JR* 23, 3.47397. As no. 395, but obv. area effaced and date ends: Cf^jHSA 15883 M* 24, 4.43

467 A.H. = 1074/75 A.D.398. As no. 395, but date: j f*j /*"P. 268h.HSA 15881 M* 25, 4.96399. Date ?As preceding, but date: jC^j (?) x

ANS (Wood, ex Low) JR2 24, 4.88468 A.H. = 1075/76 A.D.400.-401. As no. 395, but date: j j\L.j O^*P. 268i.HSA 15878 JR1 23, 3.58HSA 15879 JR1 24, 3.60*

402. As preceding, but date: &L*j OUHSA 15880 JR2 24, 4.41469 A.H. = 1076/77 A.D.403. As no. 395, but date: j\j vLo -*.->P. 268j.HSA 15877 JR1 25, 3.85 PlatE X


109/199

XIV. HtJDID OF ZARAGOZA 97404. As preceding, but date: >j\j j\j ,>*ju-

P. 268k.HSA 15875 M 23, 3. 93471 A.H. = 1078/79 A.D.406. As no. 395, but date: mj\j j^auo^jo-lP. 2681.HSA 15874 JR2 24, 4.85

407. As preceding, but date: juju-j ^j^-IHSA 15873 ^l1 24, 4.42 PlatE X408. As preceding, but date: Rev. area effaced.... jo j\j Q*L*.j(sic?)jl.\HSA 14243 M 26, 5.00472 A.H. = 1079/80 A.D.409. Date ?

As no. 395, but date: *x~.j(?) jdlP. 268m.HSA 14242 M 24, 5.26473 A. H. = 1080/81 A.D.410. As no. 395, but date: >j\j ju.j ^A?P. 268n.

HSA 15871 M* 25, 5.057 Miles


110/199

98 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF411.-412. Date ?As preceding, but date: jua-.j (?) vtA*HSA 14249 M 23, 4.95HSA 15869 JR* 24, 4.99475 A.H. = 1082/83 A.D.

413. Date ?As no. 395, but date: (f) jyo-j


111/199

XIV. HtJDID OF ZABAGOZA 99HSA 15592 JR* 25, 4.91HSA 15872 M* 24, 4.43HSA 14252 M 22, 5.01HSA 14248 M 24, 3.68, twice piercedANS (Newell, ex Campaner) JR2 24 (fragmentary)

ANS (Newell) At? 23, 4.05ANS (Newell) JR? 24, 6.85ANS (Wood) M 24, 5.26Date Effaced, ca. 441-475 A.H. = 1049-1083 A.D.426.-427. Similar to nos. 369 and following, but dates effaced andornament or letter obscure.HSA 14251 JR? 25, 4.92

ANS (Newell, ex Valentine) M2 25, 2.25AL-MU'TAMIN YtSUF b. AHMAD474-476 A.H. = 1081-1084 A.D.1DirhemsSaraqustah474 A.H. = 1081/82 A.D.428. -*j of dl^iV floral.^bM-ti\ J^-O Juf-&&Marg.: *ol aJL. aW -.Aj~iMarg.: Qur'an IX 33, beginningat 9 o'clock with a\**j\Borders: obv. 7, rev. 9.P. 269.HSA 15594 JR1 26, 6.32Plate X1 Cf. P., p. 128.


112/199

100 MULtJK AL-TAWA*IF429. As no. 428, but poorly preserved, ornaments obscure, and dateends: *a~>jHSA 15593 JR2 24, 3.71SAYF AL-DAWLAH AL-MUSTA'lN AHMAD b. Y0SUF476-503 A.H. = 1083-1110 A.D.

DirhemsSaraqustah476 A.H. = 1083/84 A.D.430. _*?!_ *j of dl-l V floral.Marg.: ^jih-j o- -u-< 4.Y>..Aj~iBorders: obv. and rev. 9.

P. 270a.HSA 15595 JR2 25, 4.72J jj~\ ^ (florae)431. As no. 430, but poorly preserved, ornaments obscure.HSA 15596 M2 25, 3.68477 A.H. = 1084/85 A.D.432. ^^ Rev. as no. 430, but: *&~Marg.:


113/199

XIV. HUDID OF ZARAGOZA 101433. Date ? ..^ Rev. as no 432.Marg.: 0^-j (?) ^HSA 15598 JR* 23, 4.32434.

479 A.H. = 1086/87 A.D..^LSfc- Rev. as no. 432.Marg.: ,>**-< J -JP. 270d.HSA 15600 M2 25, 4.68435. As no. 434, but date: *juo -JHSA 15599 M* 24, 3.31Digit effaced, 476-479 A.H. = 1083-1097 A.D.436. As nos. 430 and following, but obv.: , rev. as no. 432.Marg.: ju*HSA 13754 JR? 24, 3.81480 A.H. = 1087/88 A.D.437. ornament ? ornament ?

Marg.: mj\j jviUBorders: obv. and rev. 9.P. 270e.HSA 13755 M 23, 2.88


114/199

102 MULtJ K AL-TAWA'IF481 A.H. = 1088/89 A.D.43 ^-***

jij^l J ju?-l (O of 0; floral)Marg.: jjLL j^-l*Borders: obv. 9, rev.16.P. 271a.

HSA 13756 JR* 24,3.89Plate X482 A.H.= 1089/90 A.D.439. Date ?M*

ornamentRev. as no. 438, but: obscureMarg.: U j (?) ^Ci'lBorders: obv. and rev. 16.P. 271b.HSA 14246 ^E 24, 4.01

483 A.H. = 1090/91 A.D.440 '*/?* Rev- as no- 438-Marg.: j\j tfJXj vlA?Borders: obv. 7, rev. 16.P. 271c.HSA 13758 J 24, 3.95

485 A.H. = 1092/93 A.D.441. As no. 440, but date: Uj ,j-s-Borders: obv. and rev. 7.


115/199


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104 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IFDigits Effaced, 48X A.H. = 1088-1096 A.D.447.-451. Five specimens similar to nos. 438-446, dates imperfectlypreserved.HSA 13749 JE? 26, 5.58HSA 13750 M* 23, 4.42

HSA 13751 JR? 24, 4.47HSA 13752 JB? 25, 4.64ANS (Newell) M* 24, 4.71497 A.H. = 1103/04 A.D.452. o (g) = $VI aJI V juULloA9-j -Oil Jue-I 4lil> o *Marg.:....^^Borders: obv. 35, with 4 annulets between inner circles, rev. 32.P. 272a.HSA 15842 JK? 25, 4.22 Plate X49X A.H. (ca. 497-499 A.H. = 1103-1106 A.D.)

453. Similar to no. 452, but obv. margin completely off flan.HSA 13753 JR? 24, 3.88


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XV. HUDID OF LERIDA1AL-MUZAFFAR SAYF AL-DAWLAH ABU-'UMAR YDSUF b.AL-MUSTA'lN SULAYMANCa. 438-459 A.H. = 1046-1067 A.D.Fractional DinarsNo MintNo Date

454. OoJ&-j 4& \ (j has largefloral termination)Borders: obv. and rev. 27.P. 278 = V. 1239 (Codera) = this coin ?HSA 15789 N 14, 0.83 (frg. lacking)455. JjriVI All V

Borders: obv. and rev. 27.P. 279 = V. 1240 (Codera) = this coin.2HSA 15790 AT 13, 1.05d^ O. . -tiil jujiliJj,jj\,jS.X*jPlate XI

Plate XI1 Cf. P., pp. 46-48, 127, 129-130.2 Prieto y Vives illustrates this piece. The shape differs slightly from that ofthe HSA specimen, but this is probably the result of improper trimming ofthe plaster-cast from which the illustration was made.


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XV. HtJDID OF LERIDA107Marg.: traces.Borders: obv. and rev. 9.P. 277 = V. 1243 (Coders) = this coin ?HSA 15847 M* 25, 5.12

458.()ULhM 4J*mMargs.: traces.Borders: obv. and rev. 7 ?V. 1237 (Codera) = this coin ?

HSA 15843 M 24, 3.24No MintNo Date.9. ro)A\ VI *JI Vjj dlall-tiil Jyj Jr

JtfjlxJl^jjJIiy*Obv. marg.: j i_^ifive times repeated.Rev. marg.: &j} j*five times repeated.

Borders: obv. 50, rev. 67.P. 283 = V. 1241 (Codera, 2 spec.) = this coin, and no. 460, below.HSA 15845 l2 23, 3.00 Plate XI460. Similar to no. 459, but areas less well preserved, obv. marginperhaps sometimes fji, and both obv. and rev. borders 67.HSA 15844 JR* 26, 4.44


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108 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF461Date EffacedMarg.: ii- 2jji\ la* j^ 4&\ *->Borders: obv. 29, rev. 36.P. 284 = V. 1242 (Codera) = this coin 1HSA 15846 M* 26, 4.01 Plate XI


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XVI. HUDID OF CALATAYUD1 fUVIBorders: obv. and rev. 30.P. 288 = V. 1251 (Coders) = this coin.2HSA 15792 jV 12, 1.15 Plate XIDirhemsMadinat Qala'at Ayyub440 A.H. = 1048/49 A.D.463.1 Cf. P., pp. 46, 127, 130.2 The plaster-cast from which the illustration in P. was made was in-accurately trimmed.


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110 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IFMarg.: j\ iL.


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112 MUL0K AL-TAWA'IFMarg.: &*>j\ iL. (?) J Ji -tfi\ ~jBorders: obv. 6, rev. 7.P. 295b = V. 1259 (Codera) = this coin ?HSA 15851 Jt2 24, 3.02 Plate XIMint EffacedDate Effaced+

467. Rev. as no. 466.?Marg.: traces.Borders: obv. 6?, rev. 7.HSA 15855 M 23, 2.26


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114 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF469. Obv. as no. 468, but date: Rev. as no. 468, but no star above.Rev. marg. begins with i\^j\ at 8:30 o'clock.Borders: obv. 63, rev. 62.ANS (Newell) JR* 24, 4.26, twice pierced470. Obv. as no. 468, but addi- Rev. as no. 469.

tional points, and date:Rev. marg. as no. 469.Borders: obv. 63, rev. 66.ANS (Wood) JR1 24, 4.69 Plate XI471. Obv. as no. 468, but points Rev. as no. 469.uncertain, and date:Rev. marg. as no. 469.

Borders: obv. 53, rev. 66.ANS (Newell, ex Campaner) JR1 24, 4.92476 A.H. = 1083/84 A.D.472. Obv. as no.468.but: *' Rev- M n0- 468-and additional points, anddate: ifU *>j\j ^jo^j c~Rev. marg. as no. 468.

Borders: obv. 63, rev. 66.P. 299b.ANS (Wood) JR1 25, 4.57 Plate XII473. As preceding, but points vary.Rev. marg. as no. 469.Borders: obv. 47, rev. 54.ANS (Newell) JR1 24, 4.49, twice pierced


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XVIII. HtJDID OF DENIA AND TORTOSA 115474. Obv. as preceding, but points Rev. as no. 469.vary.Marg.: U j\ j *x-0 CRev. marg. as no. 468.Borders: obv. ?, rev. 58.ANS (Newell) Jl2 20, 2.95475. Obv. as no. 468, but date: Rev. as no. 469.Rev. marg. as no. 468.Borders: obv. 63, rev. 66.

HSA 15856 ^l1 25, 4.48476. Date ?As no. 468, but date: *>j\j *^-j (?)C+~Rev. marg. begins with aLo\ at 8 o'clock.HSA 15861 M? 24, 4.68, pierced477 A.H. = 1084/85 A.D.477. Rev. as no. 468.Marg.: if U olj ,y^j a-Rev. marg. as no. 468.Borders: obv. 53, rev. 62.P. 299c.

HSA 15852 jR1 24, 4.488*


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116 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF478. Obv. as preceding, but points Rev. as no. 468.vary and ornament above un-certain.Marg.: ISU >oj\j j^m. m-

Rev. marg. as no. 468.Borders: obv. 63, rev. 66.HSA 15853 JR.1 25, 4.45, twice pierced478 A.H. = 1085/86 A.D.479. As no. 468, but: and date: aJU j {?*>- j 0^Borders: obv. 63, rev. 66.P. 299d.ANS (Newell, ex Campaner) Ml 26, 5.05480. Date ?Similar to preceding, but double-struck, points obscure, anddate: IS[ *>j\j ^yo-j^OUHSA 15858 .ft1 25, 6.28479 A.H. = 1086/87 A.D.

481. As no. 468, but: , points vary, and date: J^iu-j *~iBorders: obv. 53, rev. 62.P. 299e.HSA 15854 JR1 26, 5.06 Plate XII


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XVIII. HtJDID OF DENIA AND TORTOSA 117480 A.H. = 1087/88 A.D.482. As no. 481, but points vary, and date: UU vj\_} Ov>'UBorders: obv. 53, rev. 50.P. 299 f.HSA 15825 JR* 24, 4.25

483. As no. 481, but points vary, and date:Rev. marg. as no. 469.Borders: obv. 53, rev. 66.ANS (Wood) M2 26, 4.01, twice pierced484. As no. 468, but: IE , points vary, and date:g)\j lCRev. marg. begins with ^j^Jl (sic)*\^\ aL-j\ at 9 o'clock.Borders: obv. 53, rev. 66.ANS (Wood) M* 26, 4.67.Fractional DirhemMint EffacedDate Effaced (ca. 475-483 A.H. = 1082-1090 A.D.)485. Similar to nos. 468-484, but clipped, marginal legends andborders lacking.P. 299j.HSA 15826 M2 15, 1.55 Plate XII


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118 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IFSAYYID AL-DAWLAH SULAYMAN b. MUNDHIR1In Denia: 483-485 A.H. = 1090-1092 A.D.In Tortosa: 483-ca. 492 A.H. = 1090-ca. 1099 A.D.DirhemsDanyah483 A.H. = 1090/91 A.D.486. -Q^ ((frMarg.: ,>... .ti/yl* ii- LjIa.Various points and circles in margin.Borders: obv. 71, rev. 16.P. 302a.

HSA 15828 M* 24, 4.62Plate XII484 A.H. =487.-488. ^= 1091/92A.D.vuiv

.^3-bi-Wj^ 4ii\iljjJl jj Alil J_J~00 (JL*U oMarg.: *,j\j ^U j j1

Borders: obv. 71, rev. 4.P. 302b.HSA 15830 JR2 26, 5.94Plate XII4.75 (same dies)ANS (Newell, ex Campaner)

JR2 25,1 Cf. P., pp. 49, 131.


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XVIII. H0DID OF DENIA AND TORTOSA 119485 A.H. = 1092 A.D.489. . hAO Rev ag no 486) but. nfrVI fJI v.Marg.: *>j\j OJ>Uj ,J-*~Borders: obv. and rev. 4.

P. 302c.HSA 15831 JR" 25, 3.75490. Obv. as no. 489, but points Rev. as no. 487, but points vary.vary, and date:b 'Uj -> 4Ju- ijlju

Borders: obv. 41, rev. 62.Cf. P. 303, similar except


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120 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF493. Obv. as no. 492, but ornament Rev. as no. 492, but: OV^ above effaced, beneath,and date: jj^Uj -*~Borders: obv. 42, rev. 72.ANS (Newell, ex Campaner) M2 25, 4.17, twice pierced

Turtushah48X A.H. = 1090-1096 A.D.494.>4. JfLo * vIajivo^-bM:

ljjf-4&\iijjJl jUu 4iil Jj^J 0\fJ| O # 0

Marg.: .Borders: obv. 21, rev. 7.P. 302d-h.ANS (ex Brand) M* 26i, 4.00Plate XIIDate Effaced (ca. 483-489 A.H. = 1090-1096 A.D.)495. Obv. as no. 494, but: + ^bMand date: j JaS O\cJL-u *Borders: obv. 21, rev. 7.ANS (Newell) M2 23, 3.15


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XVIII. hTJdid of denia and TORTOSA 121492 A.H. = 1098/99 A.D.496. *o oMarg.: ju-Jj jO*l iL- ii_ji^Li f'j....Borders: obv. 21, rev. 70.P. 304c1 = (?) V. 1351 (Codera) = this coin?HSA 15832 JR? 24, 5.06 PlatE XIIMint EffacedDate Effaced (ca. 483-489 A.H. = 1090-1096 A.D.)

497. yuiv ^U-l*Marg.: traces.HSA 15829 .R2 24, 4.671 Lacking *ul +~j, he says.


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XIX. DHtT'L-NtfNID 123Marg.: kiAla) Jj_jS\ \iBorders: obv. and rev. 16.P. 315.ANS (Newell, hoard) AMI, 1.03 Plate XIIjuc fl! .

oil500.Marg.: ilkdJa Jl *-jBorders: obv. and rev. 16.P. 316.ANS (Newell, hoard) AT 10, 0.36No MintNo Date501.-506. * J^\juc r uviNo marginal legends.Borders: obv. and rev. 30.1P. 308a.ANS (Newell, hoard) N 10-13 mm., 0.89, 0.79, 0.70, 0.67, 0.65, 0.62Identical obv. and rev. dies PlatE XII

Partially off flan on several specimens.


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124 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF507.Mint Effaced43X A.H. = 1039-1044 A.D.VI )l V J\iii\4fl\Marg.: iij t-j^ -oil .^-J

Borders: obv. and rev. 16.P. 313a.ANS (Newell, hoard) AT 11, 0.60 Plate XIISHARAF AL-DAWLAH AL-MA'MUN DHtPL-MA JDAYN AB0>L-HASAN YAHYA b. ISMA'lL1435-467 A.H. = 1043-1075 A.D.2Fractional DinarsNo Mint

No Date508- * ^ aiVI *J1 V1 Cf. P., pp. 41, 53-54, 75, 134-135.2 There appears to he general agreement that al-Ma'mun Yahya died in 467,despite the existence of a dirhem of 468 (see no. 523, below). Prieto y Vivesadmits that the decade is missing on this unique piece and that one mightbe inclined therefore to assign it to 458; but, as he rightly points out, the

remarkable arrangement of the legends is characteristic of the issues of theyears 465-467, and there are no known coins of the 450's at all from Toledo.Al-Ma'mun died late in the year, according to the historians, and it 'wouldappear that the die-engraver did not change the principal legends of the 467issue early in 468.


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XIX. DHU'L-NtJNID 125No marginal legends.1Borders: obv. and rev. 30.P. 323.HSA 15766 AT 13, 0.87Plate XII>.Rev. as no. 508.VI *Jl Vojtf>-j -U}1ju~j A\jliJjjJl

Borders: as no. 508 (rev. off flan)P. 327.HSA 15 772 AT 12,0.86Plate XIIRev. as no. 508, but: ^

Plate XII1 On any of this series.


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126 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF512. Obv. as no. 511. Rev. as no. 508.Borders: as no. 508.HSA 15776 X 14, 0.82 Plate XII

513. Obv. as no. 511, but j of Rev. as no. 508.Jijj points upward.Borders: as no. 508.HSA 15769 A" 13, 1.01514.

uj-1 (in Nashki) iljjJlBorders: as no. 508.Cf. P. 329 (Tulaytalah, 435 A.H.).HSA 15770 N 13, 1.21 Plate XII515. *Borders: as no. 508.P. 332 .HSA 15774 N 13, 0.81 Plate XII516. Obv. as no. 514, but: Rev. as no. 515, but:

Borders: as no. 508.P. 333.HSA 15771 A" 13, 1.00 Plate XII


139/199


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128MULtJK AL-TAWA'IF621. As no. 520, but date: ,y^j~j J[ (mint effaced).Borders: obv. and rev. 7.ANS (Newell, exCampaner)JR2 21, 3.59

Plate XIIIMadinatTulaytalah466 A.H. == 1073/74 A.D.622. 4)1 VjuS1 (floral a)jj Oj*U>1j^^>ai

Ora^l4bJ14iJIV1.Oil J_^Jlg>?cObv. marg.: Qur'an1X33.Rev. marg.: Lo C

iu. J ill> . . . .Borders: obv. 64, rev. 57.P. 338b.HSA 15824 JR2 27, 6.59Plate XIII468 A.H. = :1075/76 A.Di

623. aJ1 Vjjf- (floral s)jj o_^>u.iJ^^bMcImiijjjl4J11V14iil J^-Oc

-X-1 See the note, p. 124, above.


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XIX. DHU'L-NtfrSTID 129Obv. marg.: Qur'an IX 33.Rev. marg.: j Lilx 5JL- iikdiLBorders: obv. and rev. 39.P. 338d = V. 1114 (Codera) = this coin?HSA 15823 M* 23, 4.47 Plate XIII

Fractional Dinar of Doubtful AttributionAl-Ma'mun Yahya ?Madinat Balanslyah ?469 A.H. = 1076/77 A.D.524.*\ VI dl VObv. marg.: (?) 4ii\ Jue fUVlRev. marg.: jojlj juuo *~i iL- ? Ljjj: JBorders: obv. and rev. 21.HSA 10633 N 13, 0.97, twice pierced Plate XIIIWhile the mint-name on this unique specimen is admittedlyobscure and uncertain, there can be no doubt about the date andthe name in the reverse area. Even if the mint is not Balansiyah, thepuzzle of the identity of al-Imam al-Ma'mun remains. Also, if thename is that of al-Ma'mun Yahya, what of the posthumous date ?

And why "al-Imam" ? Let us hope that a better preserved specimen,or related coins, will eventually turn up to help explain this anomaly.9 Miles


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130 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IFAL-QADIR BI'LLAH YAHYA b. ISMA'lL b. AL-MA'MtNYAHYA467-478 A. H. = 1075-1086 A. D.iFractional Dinars (Electrnm)No MintNo Date

> *VI*JWjs\A\,J&-j 4iil4ll'a4M4

{orders: obv. and rev.30.P. 348.HSA 15787 EL,11>12,1.90Plate XIII

526. Obv. as no. 525, but: Rev. as no. 525, but ornamentabove area effaced.HSA 15788 EL 10 x 12, 2.06 Plate XIIIDirhemsMadinat Tulaytalah468 A.H. = 1075/76 A.D.527. ^** o^gcL,4s1 VI j\ j CJ^-j 0^ *JL. ilLjJd* ilj js1 The latter date is that of Alfonso's definitive occupation of Toledo. Al- Qa-dir removed to Valencia and was assassinated in 485.


143/199

XIX. DHtJ'L-NtJNID 131Borders: obv. 17, rev. 19.P. 343a.HSA 15822 JR? 24, 4.57 PlatE XIII528. As no. 527, but date: &L*j OUBorders: obv. 9, rev. 10.ANS (Newell, ex Campaner) JE 25, 3.41

529. As no. 527, but fie. in place of IL.Borders: obv. 17, rev. 19.ANS (Wood) M 23, 5.52475 A.H. = 1082/83 A.D.530.O # 0O * 0*)l v

4*1 VIjatfl-5fc-MargBorders: obv. 19, rev. 10.P. 344.1

ANS (Newell, ex Campaner) 8t? 22, 3.45 PlatE XIIIMadinat Qunkah474 A.H. = 1081/82 A.D.531. . , o . -*1 Prieto y Vives designates this issue as unique, but Vives (1128) lists two,and probably three, specimens.

9


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145/199

XIX. DHU'L-NtJNID 133Borders: obv. 31, rev. 34.obv. 31, rev. 34.obv. 36, rev. 34.

HSA 13732 M 21, 3.69HSA 14153 M 21, 3.32HSA 15819 JR? 23, 3.65536. Obv. as no. 533, but: Eev. as no. 533, but:


146/199


147/199

XXI. KINGDOM OF ALMERIAÂNONYMOUS (Banu Sumadih)Ca. 435-443 A.H. = 1041-1052 A.D.DirhemsAlmariyahNo Date538. VI Jl V

4JilObv. marg.: part of Qur'an IX 33.Rev. marg.: -L Jil> ^jjJIj^* o_^ -oi\ JBorders: obv. 19, rev. 10.P. 354b.ANS (Newell, ex Campaner) JR* 24, 7.59 Plate XIIIAl-AndalusNo Date539. VIaJIV j^-

Obv. marg.: Ij^JIj aJl-j\ 4ii\ Jô A^Rev. marg.: iL- ^jjVIj j?jjJIja(sic)^Ja ~j1 Cf. P., pp. 61-62, 136; E. Levi-Provencal, a. v. Ma'n and al-Mu'taîm, in theEncyclopaedia of Islam, and C. F. Seybold, ibid., s. v. Almeria; Dozy, Recher-ches, I, pp. 239-281.


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136 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IFBorders : obv. and rev. 19.P. 354c.HSA 15748 M1 24, 4,14. twice pierced PlatE XIIIAL-MUTASIM BPLLAH ABU-YAHYA MUHAMMAD b. MA


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XXIII. 'ABBADID OF SEVILLE1AL-MU*TADID BI'LLAH ABU-'AMR 'ABBAD b. MUHAMMADb. 'ABBAD433-461 A.H. = 1042-1069 A.D.DinarsAl-Andalus437 A.H. = 1045/46 A.D.

548. ornament ? IllOJf-j^Uj_jil JVJBIMarg.: L.j\j y^j * iJL- Jjj YlBorders: obv. and rev. 7.P. 395c.HSA 13146 N 21, 3.39 PlatE XIV1 Cf. P., pp. 139-141; E. Levi-Provencal, s. v. al-Mu'tadid and al-Mu'tamid.

in the Encyclopaedia of Islam.


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XXIII. 'ABBADID OF SEVILLE 141439 A.H. = 1047/48 A.D.549. ^sr\X\ jL^ult j^cl -mlMarg.: ifU p>j\j Cfp*j a-JBorders: obv. and rev. 7.P. 397a.HSA 13145 N 23, 3.43 Plate XIV

442 A.H. = 1050/51 A.D.550. : Rev. as no. 549, but: pellet in juj^UaMU

Mb Marg.: il -,jlj *ol.? i>^*Borders: obv. and rev. 7a.P. 397h.HSA 534 N 24, 4.11 Plate XIV

457 A.H. = 1064/65 A.D.551- j^\ Rev. as no. 549, but: . -uili . vuiyAlii> jltl\


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142 MULtJK AL-TAWA'IFMarg.: ;U [>>j\j C?-~?~j ^--Borders: obv. 55a, rev. 55.P. 400c.HSA 532 N 25, 4.12 Plate X

coins of the spanish-mulūk al-tawā'if / by george c. miles

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