COLD WAR

COLD WARA state (condition) of tension and hostility among nations without armed conflict.

Post World War II—The Big ThreeUnited KingdomUnited StatesSoviet Union

How did these countries differ from eachother?

COLD WARWest and East Berlin

Memorial-caen.fr

COLD WARWest and East Berlin

Krohm.com

COLD WARAll of the countries east of Germany are

Under the control and influence of the

Soviet Union. That means Poland,

Hungary, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia and

Romania.

WHY?

COLD WAR—Personality Profile

Joseph Stalin--

“Whoever occupies aterritory also imposes his own social system.Everyone imposes hisown system as far ashis armies can reach. Itcan not be otherwise.”

COLD WARSo what was the reason for Stalin’s

position in the previous screen?

As the soviet army pushed the Germans

out of eastern Europe after World War II

the Soviet forces are left behind.

COLD WARIron Curtain—The

dividing line between

democratic and

communist countries

in Europe.

Cold War—Personality Profile

Winston Churchill—

Prime Minister of the UK, giving

his Iron Curtain Speech at

Westminster College in Fulton,

MO. on March 5, 1946.

“From Stettin in the Baltic to

Trieste in the Adriatic an

iron curtain has descended

across the continent.”

Why was this speech so

important?

I R O N C U R T A I N

COLD WARTruman Doctrine--March 12, 1947—The

United States would resist Soviet

aggression in Europe and the rest of the

world.

COLD WAR—Personality ProfileHarry S. Truman—“I believe that it must be thepolicy of the United Statesto support free people whoare resisting attemptedsubjugation by armedminorities or by outsidepressures.”

Addressing a joint sessionof Congress on March 12, 1947.

COLD WARThe Truman Doctrine was also known as

C

O

N

T A I N M

E

N

TP O L I C Y

COMMUNISM

Limiting communism to the areas already under Soviet control

Cold War

Truman Doctrinehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wmQD_W

8Pcxg

COLD WARTruman Doctrine

--The United States was going to send aid to Greece and Turkey.

--Communist rebels were backed by Stalin.

--By 1947, Britain was unable to support democratic forces in both countries.

--Truman asked for $400 million in economic and military aid.

COLD WARThe Marshall Plan

The United States offers to rebuild Europe’s

economic infrastructure.

COLD WAR—Personality Profile

General George Marshall—

Army Chief of Staff 1939-1945,

Secretary of State 1947-1949.

“The truth of the matter is that Europe’s requirements for the next four years of foreign food and other essential products-principally from America-are so much greater than her present ability to pay that she must have substantial help or face economic, social, and political deterioration of a very grave character.”

Harvard University June 5, 1947,

Commencement Address

1943

COLD WARMarshall Plan

--The United States spent $13 billion

--16 nations accept the U.S. aid program

--The US also offered assistance to the USSR. However, they declined, WHY?

MARSHALL PLAN

COLD WARMarshall Plan

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U2G_2fj4cqg

COLD WARBerlin Blockade and Berlin Airlift

London Conference—February to June 1948

occupying powers of Germany realized that

cooperation with Soviets was difficult.

COLD WARBERLIN BLOCKADE

As a result of the London Conference,

the London Program was established

(March 6, 1948). Its main goal was to

establish a West German government.

But how was this going to take place?

COLD WARThe combination of the three western zones of

Germany (British, French and US Zones).

A reform of the currency, new currency $

WEST GERMANY

+=

COLD WARThe West German new currency was

officially introduced on June 23, 1948.

What do you think the Soviet response was to the new currency on

June 24, 1948?

COLD WAR

BERLIN

BLOCKADE

COLD WAR

Berlin Airlifthttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GOvfNjL1CJc

Candy Bomber

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2d7eOF8-4gw

COLD WAR

BERLIN

AIRLIFT

COLD WARBerlin Airlift

--Organized by American and British forces to transport food, fuel, and supplies.--Lasts for 324 days and 13,000 tons of

supplies are dropped on West Berlin.--Operation Vittles-US--Operation Plain Fare-British

COLD WARBerlin Airlift

Instruct.Westvalley.edu

COLD WARSoviet Response

--Continue the blockade or admit defeat

?

COLD WARJune 24, 1948—Berlin Blockade.

June 25, 1948—BerlinAirlift Begins

May 12, 1949—BerlinBlockade Ends

May 24, 1949—FederalRepublic of W.Germany

Sept. 30, 1949—BerlinAirlift ends

Oct. 7, 1949 German Democratic RepublicEast Germany