cold weather
DESCRIPTION
Cold Weather. Working in Cold Conditions. Cold Workplaces. Roofs in cold weather Bridges near large bodies of water High buildings exposed to wind Refrigerated rooms or containers Commercial fishing areas Steel structures that retain cold Unheated warehouses in cold climates. Goals. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Working in Cold Conditions
Cold Weather
Cold Workplaces
Roofs in cold weather Bridges near large
bodies of water High buildings
exposed to wind Refrigerated rooms
or containers Commercial fishing areas Steel structures that retain cold Unheated warehouses in cold climates
Goals
Cold-Related Illnesses and injuries and first aid Treatment
Risk Factors and Prevention Measures Quiz
Body reacts to cold by:
Trying to maintain core temperature of 98.6ºF
Decreasing blood flow to extremities to prevent heat loss which– Keeps internal organs warm– Increases chance of frostbite
Shivering generates heat
Hypothermia
Progressive loss of body heat Accelerated when person is wet Most cases occur in air temperatures
between 30ºF and 50ºF Can occur in air temperatures as high as 65ºF Occurs in water at 72ºF
Mild Hypothermia
Shivering and chattering teeth
Blue lips and fingers
Poor coordination
Moderate Hypothermia
Mental impairment and confusion Disorientation and poor decision making Inability to take precautions from the cold Slower heart rate and breathing rate Slurred speech
Severe Hypothermia
Resembles death Unconsciousness Irregular or hard-to-find pulse No shivering No detectable breathing
First Aid for Hypothermia
Move victim to shelter Remove wet clothing
and wrap victim in warm covers
Apply direct body heat Re-warm neck, chest,
abdomen, and groin first Give warm, sweet drinks if conscious Monitor breathing, administer CPR Get medical help
Frostbite
Exposure to severe cold or contact with cold objects
Affects fingers, toes, cheeks, nose, and ears Tissue freezes at 30ºF May cause gangrene More susceptible to future frostbite Tissue death—amputation or loss of function
Frostbite Symptoms
Sensations of coldness Tingling, stinging,
or aching sensation Skin feels numb and
cold to the touch Skin is waxy and
appears white Blistering, turning red, then black
First Aid for Frostbite
Warm gradually with body heat Do not rub—may result in more tissue damage Use water between 102°F-110°F Apply sterile dressing to blisters Do not thaw if risk of re-freezing Get medical attention; thaw at hospital
Goals
Cold-Related Illnesses and injuries and first aid Treatment
Risk Factors and Prevention Measures Quiz
Environmental Cold Stress Factors
Low temperature Cool, high winds Dampness Cold water
Wind Chill Temperatures
Combined effect of air temperature and air movement
Temperature (ūF)Wind (mph)
Calm 40 30 20 10 0 -10 -20 -30 -40
10 mph 34 21 9 -4 -16 -28 -41 -53 -6620 mph 30 17 4 -9 -22 -35 -48 -61 -7430 mph 28 15 1 -12 -26 -39 -53 -67 -7840 mph 27 13 -1 -15 -29 -43 -57 -71 -82
Other Risk Factors
Inadequate or wet clothing Drug use or certain
medications A cold or certain diseases Male gender Age Heart condition Physical condition
Environmental Protection
Heated shelters Windscreens On-site sources of heat Thermally insulated
tools and work surfaces
Administrative Controls
Work and Warm-up Schedule for 4-hour Shift
Wind Chill Temp. Max. Work Period Number of Breaks
-20F and Warmer 2 hours 1-30F 75 minutes 2-40F 55 minutes 3-45F 40 minutes 4-50F 30 minutes 5Colder Cease Nonemergency Work
Protective Clothing
Several layers of clothing Synthetic fibers next to
skin to whisk away sweat Water-repellent, wind-
resistant outer clothing Hats, hoods, or face covers Insulated, waterproof footgear Insulated, waterproof gloves Change of clothing available
Hand Protection
Wear gloves when fine manual dexterity is not required
Use tools and machine controls designed for gloved hand operation
Limit bare hand work to 10-20 minutes when < 60ºF
Use warm air jets, radiant heaters, contact warm plates
Use metal handles covered by thermal insulating material
Prevent contact frostbite when near metal surfaces < 20ºF
Other Protective Controls
Be medically fit Eat high calorie foods Consume warm, sweet drinks and soups Avoid coffee Stay in good physical condition
Safe Work Practices
Avoid heavy perspiration Work in the warmest
hours of the day Minimize prolonged
sitting, standing Allow time to
adjust to cold Do not work alone Watch for symptoms of cold-related illness
Goals
Cold-Related Illnesses and injuries and first aid Treatment
Risk Factors and Prevention Measures Quiz
Summary
Symptoms of hypothermia and frostbite First aid treatment Wind chill factor Engineering and administrative controls Protective clothing and staying dry
Quiz
1. The body responds to cold by shivering and _____________________________________
2. Hypothermia can occur in air temperatures as high as 65ºF. True or False
3. Describe at least three symptoms of hypothermia.
4. Describe at least one form of environmental protection for workers in the field.
5. Other risk factors of cold-related illness include: certain medication, certain diseases, age, and physical condition. True or False
Quiz (cont.)
6. Drinking coffee will help workers stay warm.True or False
7. Describe at least three symptoms of frostbite.
8. Warm up frostbitten areas by rubbing gently. True or False
9. Environmental cold stress factors include: temperature, wind, and __________________
10.Administrative controls, such as __________, can be used to protect workers from overexposure to cold conditions
Quiz Answers
1. Decreasing blood flow to the extremities
2. True, when other contributing factors are present
3. Confusion, disorientation, slow heart rate and breathing, shivering, blue lips, poor coordination, slurred speech
4. Heated shelters, windscreens, heat sources, thermal insulated tools
5. True
Quiz Answers (cont.)
6. False, coffee increases blood flow to the extremities
7. Cold sensation, tingling, aching, numbness, white skin, waxy skin
8. False, rubbing will contribute to the skin damage
9. Dampness
10. Limiting work time or taking additional breaks