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COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS GANDIA Definition A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted in certain cases). RELATIVE CLAUSES C/ San Rafael, 25 46701-Gandia Tfno. 962 965 096 [email protected] www.escolapiasgandia.es 1

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Page 1: COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS GANDIA Definition A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted

COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS

GANDIA

Definition

A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted in certain cases).

RELATIVE CLAUSESC/ San Rafael, 25 46701-Gandia Tfno. 962 965 096 [email protected]

www.escolapiasgandia.es

1

Page 2: COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS GANDIA Definition A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted

There are two types

Can you notice any difference in their meaning?

The boys in my class who wear glasses are attractive

The boys in my class, who wear glasses, are attractive

Page 3: COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS GANDIA Definition A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted

The boys who wear glasses are attractive

•These relative clauses give you the information you need to understand the sentence.

• There are no commas.

•If you take the relative clause away, the sentence doesn't make sense.

• In these kind of sentences WHO can be replaced by THAT

These are called Defining Relative Clauses

Page 4: COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS GANDIA Definition A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted

The boys, who wear glasses, are attractive

•These are the ones that give extra information.

•They are always written between commas.

• If you leave out the relative clause between the commas it still makes sense.

•In these kind of sentences WHO cannot be replaced by THAT

These are known as Non-Defining Relative Clauses

Page 5: COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS GANDIA Definition A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted

DEPARTAMENTO DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES – HISTORIA DEL ARTECopyright Colegio Escolapias Gandia [email protected] www.escolapiasgandia.es

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The relative pronoun you use depends on the thing you're talking about. Generally speaking, the most basic ones are these:

Basic relative pronouns

for people who/that

for objects which/that

for places where

for reasons why

for time

for possession

when

whose

Page 6: COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS GANDIA Definition A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted

-An architect...

-A burglar...

-A vegetarian...

-A customer...

- A shoplifter...

Complete the following sentences using WHO

Page 7: COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS GANDIA Definition A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted

Trickier relative pronouns

Page 8: COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS GANDIA Definition A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted

DEPARTAMENTO DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES – HISTORIA DEL ARTECopyright Colegio Escolapias Gandia [email protected] www.escolapiasgandia.es

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This can be used to refer to the whole part of the sentence that went before. Usually a pronoun refers to a noun, but this refers to more.

My dad has broken his leg, which worries me

I've still got some money left, which is surprising

WHICH

.

Page 9: COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS GANDIA Definition A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted

DEPARTAMENTO DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES – HISTORIA DEL ARTECopyright Colegio Escolapias Gandia [email protected] www.escolapiasgandia.es

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This is used to show possession. It can always be used for people and animals, but also for things.

My pupils, whose homework is never done, will fail the exam.

The homework belongs to the students, it's theirs, so possessive.

The city, whose football team lost the match, never wins anything.The city's made up of people, so it sounds OK.

WHOSE

.

Page 10: COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS GANDIA Definition A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted

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WHOM

*It sounds very formal to most people. Therefore, it is hardly ever used in spoken English.

*If you're going to use it at all, then only use it after prepositions.

The boy to whom I was talking is my cousin

*However, there's usually another less formal way to say the same thing.

The boy that/who I was talking to is my cousin

.

Page 11: COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS GANDIA Definition A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted

Use the correct Relative Pronoun

Page 12: COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS GANDIA Definition A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted

-The hotel _________ we stayed was very good for the price

Page 13: COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS GANDIA Definition A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted

-The hotel WHERE we stayed was very good for the price

Page 14: COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS GANDIA Definition A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted

-The books, ___________ I ´d ordered over the internet, took nearly three weeks to arrive

Page 15: COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS GANDIA Definition A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted

-The books, WHICH* I ´d ordered over the internet, took nearly three weeks to arrive

Page 16: COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS GANDIA Definition A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted

-My parents, __________ were born in north Wales, moved to London to find work

Page 17: COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS GANDIA Definition A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted

-My parents, WHO* were born in north Wales, moved to London to find work

Page 18: COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS GANDIA Definition A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted

-The employee to __________ you refer is no longer working here

Page 19: COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS GANDIA Definition A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted

-The employee to WHOM* you refer is no longer working here

Page 20: COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS GANDIA Definition A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted

-My neighbour, __________ son is studying in Germany, is quite impolite

Page 21: COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS GANDIA Definition A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted

-My neighbour, WHOSE son is studying in Germany, is quite impolite

Page 22: COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS GANDIA Definition A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted

SUBJECT OR OBJECT?

The woman who was talking to David suffered from heart problems SUBJECT VERB

The woman who I was talking to suffered from heart problems OBJECT SUBJECT VERB

When the Relative Pronoun is the object it can be left out:

The woman I was talking to suffered from heart problems