collection of detailed basic principles (all 15 chapters)
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
1/160
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
2/160
!"#$%&'()*%&+,"'- (.($()*%&* "#$%&'- "#$%& #'/-)&(".0(12-)'-(#%*%&*""#03*"2#(04""0
%''." 2-5(""#04 ""0"'# #'/-)&(". 0(12-)"'- ".67 ')*%&+ #'/-)&'&2(""'-"%#'".&*6')*%&+ 6"#$%&(01 #'"%( (%&* " #$%&0'&,(468"'-%#:2--";(%
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
3/160
".67468"'-%#:2--";(#()*%"#$%& #'/-)&(".0(12-)'- (&* 0(1.($ "($( '2#".6#')*%&+,'">#"#$%&('-(')*% "#$%1#"/-)$( "#$%=="&>'(=)*%&+
#0 #';$( @#$(;A- #'2%-&* 610B("
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
4/160
7
"./,'!=="./*2#*>#%"#$%&"7B!.(&()*%&+
,"'#83*,'-(%"#$%&&"&"'-.(&>C''.(&%6C''"#$%C''* '#1%;C''%#' .(&=C'''#4 0(1.($.2#("'- "%#'".&*6#& , "'#
8 , '- (%&
* "#$%&
&"&"D
'('""'-"%#'".&*6#&,"'#8B'-(%&*"#$%&&"&"D#%#%4 6"-*"*'""'-"%#'".&*6#&')*%&+
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
5/160
3
B 6# E'- "#$% .(&()*5( -'.9."#('""(F2#.(G"/-)&(".0(1
.(2." #'" ">#"''2#( %* 5# $'" 6.(.(G"*">->-.(G"'#"'-'%*%&*"%#'".&*6#')*%&+
B 6# E'- .(&'(%&* "#$%&&"&"'-%8('#"#$%&(0HG#'"%=*/-5/#$"'-I1'#=@#$(;%##"/-*#-.(
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
6/160
,
K=';#-'.9."#('""(F2#
.(G"/-)&(".0(1.(2."#'"">#"''2#(%*5#$'"6.(.(G")">->-.(G"'#"'-=';##==';";.($)*')*"'-#&5(.(&2--"%#'".&*6"./#:'#('5(./')* ".6'-# -=.($."./* (5()*')* "#$%&;)(0'(# (=/##.()./('=+
1# /#/2.(
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
7/160
B
KKKK#'/-)&(".0(12-)'-(#%*%&*#'/-)&(".0(12-)'-(#%*%&*#'/-)&(".0(12-)'-(#%*%&*#'/-)&(".0(12-)'-(#%*%&*""#03*"2#(04""#03*"2#(04""#03*"2#(04""#03*"2#(04
""0%''""0%''""0%''""0%''++++LLLL
#'".6#'/-)&'&2(
#'";")
70(1.($3"($(,'B'('E#%#%46"-*"*' !"#"$-'.9.#('"(F2#.(G
/-)&(".0(1.(2.%"#'"">#"''2#(%)5#$' &&'%""76.(.(G3">->-.(G(
QQQQ
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
8/160
E
""""KKKK#'".6#'".6#'".6#'".6++++LLLL
#'#'#'#'*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6JJJJJJJJJJJJ
.#%&"$("."R(#-'(%&*#./%&+#'#.(&>%S'.#F'-%&+#'4"$("."R%& #%2%5(#'''&%&+7#'4=##'%'/-)&(".0(1"'&./%&*'-'%&*
"'#./%&)*""&"++
,'+'&-.""./",'+'+$-""!""-"."""0
#'#'#'#'40'&40'&40'&40'&****(0!".&*6(0!".&*6(0!".&*6(0!".&*6JJJJJJJJJJJJ#'%&JJJ
.(&>5(#$-)'#%&&A-':5(#$-)"$("."R'&'*#5)7%('1#>-3#'D 'O'. -((.* &O.'&6% ('(##
>-,#'4 "#$%#02:"T'- '('(>2#
'##"0'#0'&%&1*"".2"&"3"++
+"4-
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
9/160
.+--"-"."."2&.5"-
".."""0(((('1#'1#'1#'1#*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6JJJJJJJJJJJJ
#'%&%('1##*%%&6*"&"++
"0
7777#'/-)#'/-)#'/-)#'/-)&'&2(&'&2(&'&2(&'&2(*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6JJJJJJJJJJJJ
#'#.(&>./*/-)&'&2%-) '#'## '#1%; # !"#$%&$'#(
)!"#$%*+ ,&-./
0!"#* * 1&!"#%2(-+*&3'4#5!6$
7!"#+ %2 + !"# %2 4#$'+8+ +'+8+ +$$'5#4# & ($ '+8++8$#+%7
,>#%#%'''- 60*=."=""(F "..($!#=(#"($(-*'# % $ %#' #=(#"($(-*1% %7"./%*O%#%''(./%&
B #''-(%&* '#1%; .(&= #=(#"($(-* %&*
#'4=."(#".6%O%'&%&*"-)>-+8*"&"++
".4-.""0"5"-
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
10/160
" " " -""&"." "" ! " -
&+.." " " " ! & " " " " -!".&"..++!.-""&&+0""0
3333#'";#'";#'";#'";""""))))*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6JJJJJJJJJJJJ
#'";")%'%S'./%'%S'#%S'-='.9"/-)./*-='.9&9*""&"++
"""-."".0
,,,,####'"$("."R'"$("."R'"$("."R'"$("."R(#(#(#(#.-)..-)..-)..-).*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6JJJJJJJJJJJJ
#'"$("."R4 %././%&* 0(1.($"R "($("R*'"R'##''#%O(#.%-).*"".(">#.'#.($%&
>#%#(#.>%&* #'"R%(#.(&>'#1%;.(&=*#=(#"($(-*"-)"(%&+
:*".&"++
""."&&&2".&"/
."-."".".4&&+0
BBBB0(1.($0(1.($0(1.($0(1.($*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6JJJJJJJJJJJJ
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
11/160
#'0(1.($"R# .(&>C'' '#1%;C''* .(&=C''" -)"(%&+ #=(#"($(-*" #'/-)&(".0(1%''%0(1.($"R#-)"(&+
.(&>C'''- 60#".-'.9%&* C'''('#1%;* .(&= #==0'6&- -'.9%&*C'''((((#%&+
'#1%;'-'#1%;C'''(*.(&=.(&='-.(&=C'''(#%&
7 .(&>C'''#1%;C''*.(&=C'''-C''#=="./ #'/-)&(".0(1" %''>%&* 0"'#'('-=0$("&'%-%&*'('%(%&
3%*.'%&* 60#%&* '#%6#$"'- %2# '#1%;%#'.(&=*#=(#"($(-*0(1.($'->#'#%#==(-*#%&+
;*"&"++
" " . - . " "..+-.++"."""5.-".#""""- & #
" . $ ++".."- " ! & .&+0
EEEE"($("($("($("($(*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6JJJJJJJJJJJJ
#'"($(";")%'%S'./%&+#'4"($("R#.(&>'#1%;*.(&="-)"(
%=(#"($(-*"#=(#"($("R##'/-)&(".0(1%''(%&*"'#-)"(&+ .(&>'#1%;.(&=#=(#"($(-**#"($('#'-
-=5$=("($(%&*'>2'('-=0$("&'%-%'('%(%&+
7">"(#12"(#1-)3"%2#'#1%;%#'.(&=*# =(#"($(-* 0(1.($'- #==(-*#%&* '#%6#$./O >#
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
12/160
'#1%; %#' .(&=* #=(#"($(-*"($('-"M#"./*>#'#%6#$#2-#"'-'#%6#$#==(-*.($./%&+
3">"(#1U"(#1-)3*,"(#12"(#1-)3*V"(#1"(#1-)7(#W(##'/-)&!2-(./%&+
'C'' '#1%;'C'' .(&='C''* #=(#"($(-*'"(""2*2*%'"-)"(%&+.(&>'-.(&>'C'''(>#%&+.(&>'C''%'4".*2'./%&+.(&>'C'''-X'"#>'(#-*"R#%&7 '#1%;'#'- '#1%;'C'''(& .(&='#'-.(&='C'''(&>#%&+3"('##'6"./%''%&+
0(1*"&-((-'
0(1"%'"(.(&%6'-'":'-0(1".(-**"=6(#-*#>*""2&"++
" 2 " . & # #"&
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
13/160
" +-."0""-"-
# " " ""-"23
++2"-++2.".-++"".0
'(''(''(''('*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6JJJJJJJJJJJJ
'('%&""'*'5('%&*''&%'('./%&+ '('%&'((#2##W"#-'(--)2-(#-*#%&+
'('-=0$(%'(/-)"4";")./%&+7'('%& #'5$*-='- .(&%6'(("'- 2--*#%&+3 .(&>5(#$-) '#%&&A-':5(#$-)* "$("."R'&'*#5)'##-=*'(''-"M#'#%&+, '('%& #'/-)&(".0(1# -=* "M#'#%&+
)?*""&"++
"&."-."""""- " $ ++" " -"""""- " . + "4&+-"."0
#%#%46#%#%46#%#%46#%#%46"-*"-*"-*"-*"'"'"'"'*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6JJJJJJJJJJJJ'#%#8( -/-%6"%& #%./%&+ #'/-)&(".
0(1"'&.($.(G%&*'-0(1"#%./5(%6%%./%&+#%./. #%.($.* #%"./().'#%& 0(1./*.(G%&*"'#./&+
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
14/160
7
#%'#%'/-)&(".0(1'-%''.(G>%&*''6&O:"-*"-((:"-*"'O':"-*"%&'#-*#&+
'4-*.($##%'0#7>-!$(>-*#+7#%'#%& .(&>5(#$-) '#%&&A-':5(#$-)* "$(
"."R'&'#5)'##*>#'#%&3#%'#%& #'/-)&"($((".0(1# #*># '#
%&+,#%'#%&0(1.(G*"&(&%##.(&*
#"(%0(1.(G&+))*"!!=".&"++
..""!-" ".! " " " !- !"& ! !""...-. !"2 "5& " . " 20."- " " . " " ! " 18"""- ! " " + " 4&+
-!...""-!"""..-!"....-".5".!- " . / != & "& .&.&0
'#'#'#'#%%%%*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6JJJJJJJJJJJJ
#'%&'#%4("(&=0:'## /-5/#$'#'6&2-&+
#'%& '#%" &&A-'
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
15/160
3
)1*""&"++
" " " & & "-
."""&&""- " " " + &""&&-
''''%6=%%6=%%6=%%6=%*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6JJJJJJJJJJJJ
#'%& '%6=%4 "-*" -=* #"(%&*0(1.(G2-&+
'%6=%#(#$>'(%&*()%%*'*O'%&*'/##6&2-&+
)6*""&"++
"""""-. " " " " 5. " 0
7777"(%"(%"(%"(%*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6JJJJJJJJJJJJ
#'%&"(%4"-*"-=*#"(%&*0(1.(G2-&+
)8*"/&"++
""""/03333"%#(&"%#(&"%#(&"%#(&"''(&"''(&"''(&"''(&*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6JJJJJJJJJJJJ
#'%&"%#(&"''(&4"#$#6&2-&+)9*"&"++
"""""0,,,,####****>>>>*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6JJJJJJJJJJJJ
#*>%&('#*&+
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
16/160
,
#'%*>4(-"#':/6"#>"#$%>/-.2#"#$-*#*"5#>':%%#'#"'-#"(%&*0(1.(G&+
):*""&"++
".-. " " " &""&.&"""0
BBBB""""#$%=0:#$%=0:#$%=0:#$%=0:*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6JJJJJJJJJJJJ
#'%& "#$%=0: /-5/#$'#'#* *>#%#"'-6&2-&+
);*"&"++
" " " & 0
EEEE(&(&(&(&*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6JJJJJJJJJJJJ
#'%&.(&%64 (&*'#''#"'- ">2-&+
#'%&.(&%64(&*'#'-'#%.(&%6(2-##"(&*0(1.(G2-&+
#'%&")*%6'(&/2&+7#'%& 8"'-"F"=6"2! "*#'Y-5( #'
'&2"'-"#$.($&*'(&/2&+)
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
17/160
B
#'%&:==:==%#6.(#&(&"" (W&*"&"++
" " " "& & "& 0 " " "!-
::::::::*(0%&*".*(0%&*".*(0%&*".*(0%&*".&*6JJJ&*6JJJ&*6JJJ&*6JJJ
#'%& ::( '#'/-5/#$"'- #"(%&* &(& ""(W&
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
18/160
E
#'%&6=#Z#'M'%>."'-"F*@''#'/-*[/#'#"'-2-&+
16*"""&"++
"".""&"/"."0
77778%8%8%8%%%%%%%%%*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6JJJJJJJJJJJJ
5#((#.(*%& .(&%6#=*'*%& .(&%6*%& #'/-)&(".0(1( "..(G'#*%& 2O #%'#%& 8%%%'- -((-=62#%"-*" -((-#-='&2#% "-*"'## "&"O#&+
8%%%2# #-='&2:* 2((6 >#%#2((%(-8T# *".2-:'##">("'-(+
>#%# -((%"-*"# (>%& .(&%6"#$#W .($.(#W'#"'-#'40(1.($.#'.+
7 @1\8%%%'%& #'4#%"2#-=./%?R>6#%%*.(&*2%&*8%%%./%'"%#"'.($%&+
3 #'%&"W8%%%=8%%%#]Z8%%%* '#-=%8%%%'## #'/-)&(".0(1 "R'&%D#
''-
##.(6#$
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
19/160
"!"@"""."2"!"- " ! *& "& % " " " " -
"""""!- " . .- "" /"&. "."..0
3333(-(-(-(-*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6JJJJJJJJJJJJ
#'4(-%&-(-./%&+#'%& "#$%(- '#'/-5/#$"'- #' 1%2#"/-)
"& %="/-)"& /("/-)"& (?#%&* (-"
""#(-('-(2--*.($%&+#'%& (-('- '%./*=05(#$.#(.('0'
=./ ""/-)./ ;"(2-: %#' :.($../*".(&%6'#4"#$(-#>##.'2-=&+
7#'%& ".(&%6'#4 >#:"2*"'.9*'* ">->-""'#'/-5/#$'##:2-&+
3#'%&"#$%(-'#'/-5/#$:"'-&(&""(W&
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
20/160
,,,,.%.%.%.%='(W&='(W&='(W&='(W&*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6JJJJJJJJJJJJ
#'%& #'#." .(F." (F">"'-#%='(W&"4((#./%&+
#'% (#%='(W&"(-"">'=6%-).#-();
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
21/160
"(F"(F"(F"(F*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6JJJJJJJJJJJJ
'#1%;''-./ .(&='='-./ #=(#"($(-*''-./ "($(2#(# #'/-)&(".0(1( .(G*
"&2-#.#%&*"(F"."(F(#'%S%&>#'#1%; .(&= %#' #=(#"($(-*4"($(2#"-*"R#%2-)2--*#%&+>#%#2-D#"(O >#'#1%; .(&=%#'#=(#"($(-**%2#%&*0(1.($"-*"R##'/-)&(".0(1'- %''.(G*"& #'%S' %2-)2--*#%&+
'#1%;''-./ .(&='='-./ #=(#"($(-*''-./ .(&%64"%"#"## >#("Y=.($&* "(F"."(F(O %#' (F(%"#"Y=# '('%& #
'/-
)&(
".0(1'- %''.(G>
*"& '2
-=*-*#%&+#'4"$("."R#26(6%:"'.5(#$-)&*%#''#%&&A-':5(#$-)&* %#' "$("."R-'2:&*"(F"."(F(O'('-=0$(%'"R##'/-)&(".0(1'-%''.(G*"&=6%-)-*#%&+
1>*"&"A
" " " . .
"" + & " " " & + &"" " & + ""-. " " " "&+&""""&""&+"-" " " "
4&&/".."&"$++""""/""0
####....*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6JJJJJJJJJJJJ
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
22/160
#'%& -((!'_-5( 8#% #.1#*%%&*5#* #" #''((/22# :%& #"5#.-"'6=0'-)>#6#*>#%'%&&%&*##'Z'##..($+#'"'-&%&*#.'(/-)#O'(-*.($+
6?*"&"A
" & + & " & " " +-."-.""."40
.(:.(1R.(:.(1R.(:.(1R.(:.(1R*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6JJJJJJJJJJJJ
&%&*.(:2#0(1O->-">->-">->-">->-.(G.(G.(G.(G*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6*(0%&*".&*6JJJJJJJJJJJJ
.%&%./%'".6%&0(1.($-''0(1.(G'-'
/-)&(".0(1*".0(1(.(G# ""M#(N=/-*2#'-&*Ab./%&+#'/-)&(".0(1(.(G# ""M#(N=/-*2#. .(&>C'
''#1%;C''*.(&=C''.(G%&*0(1%&& .(&> '#1%; .(&=** #=(#"($(-*4"($(:2#"R(#4 2-%&& #'/-)&(".0(1*&A-':##..(&>*'#1%;"*.(&=
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
23/160
" > > (% =##'%& #'/-)&(".0(1"'&./%&*'-'%&*"'#./%&+
.""""++),'+'&-1""./",'+'+$-
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
24/160
7
6"'+'+$".."-8" "! ""-9"."&"
""0
.""""++#'#.(&>./*/-)&'&2%&+)".4-
#'#'#1%;#B.(&=B.(&=*.(&>=.4./*(#.%''%&+ .(&=
=.(&= .(&= .(&= #'#1%; '%c'#1%; ()6'#1%; -'#1%;
Y'#1%; -.(&= #.(&= '#1%; .(&= d''#1%;
1"""&43
E" E" E " # "# @# ,#
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
25/160
3
,# , #/" F# " %#
'#1%;*.(&="%%'#%&"2*"''6&
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
26/160
,
) " " " . " " 5 . &1 " " " . " " .
&6""".""."0
""&." .& " " " 4 +"."40*""."&"".& " " + " ."4&"./.""0*""+""
& " " " " " 4 " + " ."40 " " 4 " / + " . . " "0
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
27/160
B
> */" ".&!& +& & & " & & + + !& " "".""4&""4""0
)? * " " + +!&"""."""0))*"4A
) F& " " "4& 4""4&1""""4""4& #' -= 5$ "($( (- %&'#*(05(>6.%"."#%&* =.# .(&>=."./ %''#"(O 0(1.(G5( #'%S'4 '##"($(:"'->#%&*.(&>=."./%''#%&+6 " " " "&&04 " . 4 ""40
QQQQ
""""#'";")#'";")#'";")#'";")++++
.""""A #'";")%'%S'./%&+
)"""40#'%S'%'##=.($%&+1""4"0
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
28/160
E
#'%S'%&.(&>.#'''-#%"4">-'">#(#%&+6" "4 """ " """4,0
8*"5"G+A
""4"."4"!&.""4.!,"&.""&. "" 2"&.",& " " 4 " . " " "89&""4".5""&&&
" " 4 " . " " . " 1? " "&" "4"&&&"""&"..2 ! 0 " " . " " .2 ! &""4"55"55"&""G+"55"0
9*""""G+A
""4".."&."".!"""3
) ( " ""5.&1 ( " "
.&6(". " . " ++" " $"&
" " G+ "&
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
29/160
%.""" " ! "" " G+"5."&"" " " " G+ "
&""4&".50:*""""4G+A
"""G+&.%.&"G+"""G&"G+""&%"G+".
&*"+&"""G+". ""0
;""G+".& * G+ " .. & " " " !&""&"&)? * / " . " G+& " .3
."4,"!&. " + " 4& +&
"..".."&"."".=.& " " "2&.5&""4,&
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
30/160
)) " "G+ " . ".""&)1 " " G+ " " &
)6""G+""&"&.&.&".++"++.".""""&)8""G+".2" & " 0 " " . " .&)9""&" " G+ " 2
"0):*""."""G+A
"G+".""3
)&1""&6&8.5"G+"&
. * "" G+& " +" " ." " "".""& " " . / " +" " .""""&*/"""&""""".""& " "G+ " " " " """""&
* " +" " ." "."""".&"""""."""&".2""&"""G+&""."""G+& " " " "G+""0
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
31/160
);""G+".".""&)
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
32/160
"7"7"7"70(1.($0(1.($0(1.($0(1.($++++
".""."..0+0(1.($*(05(JJJ
#'4 0(1.($"R# .(&>C'' '#1%;C''*.(&=C''"-)"(%&+#=(#"($(-*"#'/-)&(".0(1%''%0(1.($"R#-)"(%&+
)0*""&
" " . &""-...".+0
+C''(*(05(JJJ
60#".! -'.9%&* C''#==* '('-=0$("&'%-% '('%C''#==./*
/-)&%&*C''#.(&%6C''& '#1%;* .(&= 0'6&--'.9%&* C''#==*'('-=0$("&'%-%'('%C''#==./*/-)&%&*C''# "#$%C''& %:&+
10*""&
" " " . .."++""$"./"-.""5.
.."++" " $ " . / " %"0
+.(&>C''/-)&.*(05(JJJ
.(&>C'''-"(C''((%&JJJ
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
33/160
60#".! -'.9%&* C''#==* '('-=0$("&'%-%'('%C''#==./*/-)&%&*.(&%6C'''#1%;*.(&= 0'6&--'.9%&*C''#==* '('-=0$( "&'%-% '('%C''#==./*/-)e&%&*"#$%C''
60*""A
"3 " " " . . . "++""$-.%""5. .."++""$0
7+.(&%6C''/-)&.*(05(JJJ.(&%6eC''##==0"2770./*"("'#/-)&&+
60#".! -'.9%&* 0>(#% .(&%6eC''#== '('-=0$( 0(1*"&'%-%&* 0>(#%'('%.(&%6eC''#==
80*""A
""."88?&3
'"66?".-.'"))?."."++""$0
3+C''"%%4";"I*1";"I'#*('%5(JJJ
%2# C''%''"'- C''(>"&" '(%&*'- C''#== '#%W.($#* C''0HG 1'#=0HG -'.9((%C''"&"# ;I;
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
34/160
7
++"""""/" . //" //""""".".-"" ". /"/- " "
"&%"& """. //"//"0,+.(&%6eC''%8('#'.9.*(05(JJJ
.(&%6eC''%''(4(>";#.(&%6eC''"&"'(%&*".(&%6C''#=='0"%8('#"./'.9&+
%8('#%&.(&%6eC''e'-'#%W.($&+?%8('#%&.(&%6eC''0HG* 1'#=0HG-'.95(%&">#.(&%6eC''"&"#;
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
35/160
3
1*""//"//".&".""-6*"//"."//"&//"""//"0
. " //" //" " " .
..0E+.(&%6C''0HG*1'#=0HG'#4'>2.().'#*(05(JJJ
.(&%6C''0HG* 1'#=0HG'#%&';#.(&%6eC''%'(>"&"'("#">#0HG*1'#=0HG'#>2&+.(&%6eC''0HG%#' 1'#=0HG'>-O./.(&%6C''#=="./ ().O./ .(&%6eC''#=="./ 2('&(#-*#O./0HG%#' 1'#=0HG'.(&%6C''4f(%#.#O./-=-O./0HG%#'1'#=0HG"./()5(./&+
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
36/160
,
)?0*""//"//""&
++ H//" " . . " G+&"//".."4,& " ...&"
//"//""0+.(&%6eC'''-JJJ.(&%6C'''/-)&.*(05(JJJ
.(&%6eC''%&0(1#''-(&* .(&%6C''#==#
-'.9'("(#%&+=(6('4%'%&%2#C''%#"'%-5(%&*"#">#./%&+
.(&%6C''*"/-)/-)&.*(05(JJJ
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
37/160
B
.(&%6C''%&.(&%6C'''*%"
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
38/160
E
+.(&%6C''%'*(05(JJJ
.(&%6C''4%'%&=C''4(>";#"&"'(%&*!./%&+)10*"""&
++"""""0+"#$%C''/-)&.*(05(JJJ
"#$%C''# C''#==0 "270./* "("'#/-)&&JJJ
#=(#"($(-*'# %#' #=(#"($(-*1%' #=='0(5( .(&>=."(" '#1%; %#' .(&='"'-#==0'6&-./*-'.9%&*" #$%C''#==,E0+ .(&>=."(" '#1%; %#' .(&='"'- #==0./* '('-=0$( 0(1*"&"&'%-%&*'('%"#$%C''#==3,0+
)60*"%"&
++ %" " . " 118 &3
):";#" #$%C''"&" '(%&*""#$%C''#=='0"%8('#"./'.9&+
%8('#%&"#$%C''e'-'#%W.($&+? %8('#%& "#$%C'' 0HG * 1'#=0HG -'.95(%&">#"#$%C''"&"#;
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
39/160
%" " . ". %"""%""%"-.""."/""."%"- " ". " " %"
//"//"%"03+"#$%C''0HG*1'#=0HG-'.9.*(05(JJJ"#$%C'''-JJJ
"#$%C''#==%& "#$%C''0HG'0* 1 '#=0HG'0#"#$%C''#==>)-'.9&+0HG%#' 1'#=0HG(O"(2(%"#$%C''"&"'-">#-'.9&+
0HG%&0HG'#>2#-#%&*"1'#=0HG%&0HG'#==>2&+ "#$%C''%& 0HG* 1'#=0HG -'.9 0(1./*%''&+)90*"//"//"%"&
%"&)%""//"//"%"-
1 * " " //" //" . & ".""%"-6 * " //" . " //"&//"""//"0
."//"//"%""...0
,+ " #$%C'' 0HG * 1'#=0HG'#4 '>2. ().'#* (05(JJJ
"#$%C''0HG*1'#=0HG'#%&';#"#$%C''%' (>";#"&"'("#"># 0HG* 1'#=0HG '# >2&+ "#$%C'' 0HG %#' 1'#=0HG %& '>-O./ "#$%C''#=="./ ().O./ "#$%C''#=="./2('&(# -*#O./0HG%#'1'#=0HG'"#$%C''4f(%#.#O./-=-O./0HG%#' 1'#=0HG"./()5(./&+
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
40/160
7
):0 * " //" //"%"&
H//"//"%"""
" . " " %"-.H//"//"&""&..%"&"" .%"&.".%"//"//"&&""..//"//"0
B+"#$%C''0HG*1'#=0HG'#4'((#-*(#-**(05(JJJ
"#$%C'' 0HG* 1'#=0HG'#4 ' ((#-** (#-*# 0(1./*
%''(&+);0*".&"//"//"%"&
.& " //" //" %""...0
E+"#$%C''0HG*1'#=0HG'#4"2**(05(JJJ
"#$%C'' 0HG* 1'#=0HG'#4 ' ((#-** (#-*# 0(1./*.(G%&*"..($#"'-"#$%C''0HG# 1'#=%S'"2*%''%&+1'#=0HG#.(&>;"2*%''%&+
)
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
41/160
7
5$'# '('%"#$%C''#==./* %''!/-)&&+ >#%#/-)e&%&* -=*5$'%& (#"("'('%'% %*%&* "#$%C''#==#& >&*%-/-)e"((/-)e%&+? "#$%C''%& 0(1.($ "($( '#%6#$" (-8T6:#.'#".(".#W#*'.(#"((C'''# " #$%C''#==./* %''!/ -)e%&+U"#$%C''%&"#$%C'''4"/-)e0'((#-*(#-**%''##%''(&+"#$%C''%&.(&%6eC''*:##W(F(O"#$%C''* .(&%6eC'''# #==0'6&-(% (6(''(#/-)"'- =''-(&* "#$%C''#==#-'.9 '("(#%&+ (6('4%'%& %2#
C''%#"'%-5(%&*"#">#./%&+"#$%C''*.(&%6eC'''#%&">"(#1-)*('2-&*#W"("#./%&+
)>0*""%"&
%" " . & . & " &=& /"%"-.*"".&%""" " . %" &.0" + + . %" "5/-*".&&&&&&
"&."%"&".0 %" " . " . .& & "&%"025.%" "& "" & %" %"
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
42/160
7
""0""2"."."0 * " ."%" " " &."..+". .& //" " .
"25.%""0%"%" " 0 " "2 " . " . " "0
+"#$%C''*"/-)e/-)e&.*(05(JJJ
"#$%C''%& "#$%C'''*% "#"#$%C'' 0HG* 1'#=0HG'#%& .(&>C'' =* 1'#=='#( >2&+ %'"'- .(&%6eC'' 0HG*
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
43/160
7
1'#=0HG'#%&.(&>C'' =* 1'#=='#( >2&+ .(&>C''=%& ='#>2#-#%&*" 1'#==%&='#==>2&+
110 * " . " / / ++
" //" //" %" " "/ / " " " BD"""6?"0"//"//"""//"-.""/."/&"/"""/0
+'#1%;%#'.(&=C''/-)&.*(05(JJJ
'#1%;%#'.(&=C''#"("'#/-)&&+
'#1%; %#' .(&='- 5#$='5#$=O 0 -'.9%&*'#1%;%#'.(&=C''#=='#1%;'- >#'#1%;#5(%%#' >#'#1%;"'-#=(#"($(-*#5(% '#%6#$"( '#%6#$" %*.'%60./%&* #'#60(4%&1%'J#:*">##.(&=#5(% %#' >#.(&="'- #=(#"($(-*#5(%'#%6#$"( '#%6#$" %*.'% 60./%&* #'#60(4 %&1%' J #:*">#
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
44/160
77
.*#++"."""""?0)""&"""""""#+"-&++".
"""""?0)""&"""""""+"- #. . "++""$.5+""..+".0
7+'#1%;%#'.(&=C''%8('#'.9.*(05(JJJ
'#1%; %#' .(&= C''%''(4 (>";# '#1%;
%#'.(&=C''"&"'(%&*"'#1%;%#'.(&=C''#=='0"%8('#"./'.9&+%8('#%&'#1%;%#'.(&=C''e'-'#%W.($&+?%8('#%&'#1%;%#'.(&=C''0HG*1'#=0HG-'.95(%&">#'#1%;%#'.(&=C''"&"# ;#-'.9&+ 0HG %& 0HG'# >2#-#%&*" 1'#=0HG%& 0HG'#==>2&+
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
45/160
73
'#1%;%#'.(&=C''0HG* 1'#=0HG -'.9(1./*%''&+
190*"//"//"#&
#&)#"//"//"#-1 * " " //" //" . & ".""-6*"//"."//"&//"""//"0
." //" //" #"...0
,+ '#1%;C'' %#' .(&=C'' 0HG* 1'#=0HG '>2.
().*(05(JJJ
'#1%; %#' .(&= C'' 0HG* 1'#=0HG'#%& ';#'#1%;%#'.(&= C''%'(>";#"&" '("#">#0HG*1'#=0HG'#>2&+'#1%;%#'.(&=C''0HG%#'1'#=0HG'>-O./'#1%;%#'.(&=C''#=="./()O./'#1%;%#'.(&= C''#=="./2('&(#-*#O./ 0HG%#'1'#=0HG''#1%;%#'.(&=C''4f(%#.O./-=-O./0HG%#'1'#=0HG"./()5(./&+
1:0 * " //" //"#&
H//" //" # " "".""#-.H//"//"&""&. . # & " " .#&." .# //"//"&&".//"//"0
B+'#1%;%#'.(&=C''0HG*1'#=0HG'#4'((#-*(#-*%''.*(05(JJJ
'#1%;%#'.(&=C''0HG*1'#=0HG'#4'((#-**(#-*#0(1./*%''(&+
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
46/160
7,
1;0*".&"//"//"#&
.& " //" //" #"...0
E+'#1%;%#'.(&=C''0HG*1'#=0HG'#4"2**(05(JJJ
'#1%; %#' .(&= C'' 0HG* 1'#=0HG'#4 ' ((#-**(#-*# 0(1./*.(G%&*" ..($#"'- '#1%;%#' .(&=C''0HG#.(&>;"./"2*%''%&+1'#=0HG#'#1%;%#'.(&=;"2*%''%&+
1('*"/-)e'-%*%&*#%#>&*%-/-)%&+? '#1%; %#' .(&= C''%& '*"/-)#/-)e&%&*"= ' %#'"/-)4"/-)e0 '((#-*(#-**%'#(%''(&+
1>0*"#.&
"#&"&." " #
."0."#.!".0I" . "."..&&"&".0
+'#1%;%#'.(&=C''4%'%''.*(05(JJJ
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
47/160
7B
'#1%; %#' .(&= C''4 %'%& .(&%6eC''4%'*"& ./%&+ .(&%6eC''4%'2%'- '#1%; %#'.(&=C''4%'%&&2%&+
6?0*""#&
" # """0"#"""0
+ .(&%6eC'' "#$%C''* '#1%; %#' .(&= C''#=='#4'((#-**(#-**(05(JJJ
.(&%6eC'' "#$%C''* '#1%; %#' .(&=C''#=='#4'((#-**(#-*#0(1./*%''&+
6)0*"&""&%"#&
++&""&%"#"...0+.(&%6eC''#==4"&"%''.*(05(JJJ
"/.(("&"*.(&%6%&.(&%6eC''%#C''#=="./-'.9(#-*#%&JJJ
"%3.(&*5(%6#%#8(-/-%#%./%6? .(&%6eC''#=="./ -'.9%&*"#* '2'&.(&>.#''-"&2".>#)*%6+U-'.9.2#0(1'-%''>%"&"*.(&*%6
610*""5""A
""5""""3""19-..!..""!-" "4,)?"."-5."0
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
48/160
7E
+.(&%6eC''#=="./-'.9(#-*#%6*('%5(JJJ
"((?#$%& .(&%6eC''#=="./ -'.9(#-* #JJJ
.(:'#Z-%./*%2#'f4.(:>.! >1R%6#'/-)e&(".0(1"R'&./"R'&5(./.(&%6eC''#== "&"(=-%&*.(:./* .(1R'."'- .(&%6C''#=="./ -'.9(#-*#
g-g-g-g-JJJ=(%&'('%C''#==*%2#+
h#'(#-
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
49/160
7
i #'/-)e&(".0(1 "R'&./ "R'&5(./ .(&%6eC'' #=="&"(=-%&* -(-)2# ')*.($*:Z -.
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
50/160
3
. 5.& "-
""""".""""".""/""
5 5 " . " 07+'('%.(&%6eC''#==4"&"*(05(JJJ
.(&%6eC''#=="./ '('-=0$( 0(1*"& "&'%-% '('%%& .(&%6eC''#=="'- %''>%&*"&"*.(&*&+
680*"5.++
.."++""$ " " " 5."0
3+"#$%C''#==4"&"%''.*(05(JJJ
"#$%C''#==%&JJJ
"%.(&5(%6./&+"%%'"(.(&%6eC''#=="./-'.9
(#-*#%"&"*.(&*&+?.(&%6eC''#=="./-'.9(#-*#%.(G*&%2#&+
690*"5%"A
%"""6?-. " 5 " " " "
"""-"..2""5"0
,+'('%"#$%C''#==4"&"*(05(JJJ
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
51/160
3
"#$%C''#=="./ '('-=0$( 0(1*"&"&'%-%&*'('%%&"#$%C''#=="'-%''>%&*"&"*.(&*&+
6:0 * " " 5 . %"
A++ . . " ++" " $
%"""5.%"0B+ '#1%; %#' .(&= C''#==4 "&"%''.* (05(JJJ
'#1%;%#'.(&=C''#==%&JJJ
.(&%6eC''#=="./-'.9(#-*#%"&"*.(&*&+ .(&%6eC''#=="./ -'.9(#-*#% .(G*&%2#&+
6;0*""5"#A
# " 5 " " " "-. " . .2 "" 5 "0
E+ '('% '#1%; %#' .(&= C''#==4 "&"*(05(JJJ
'#1%; %#' .(&= C''#=="./ '('-=0$( 0(1*"& "&'%-%&* '('%%& '#1%;%#' .(&= C''#=="'- %''>%&*"&"*.(&
*&+
6
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
52/160
3
QQQQ
"3"3"3"3"($("($("($("($(++++
"."==".
"..0)0*""4&
#'"($(";")%'%S'./%&+ #'4"($("R# .(&>'#1%;* .(&="
-)"(%&+ #=(#"($(-*" #=(#"($("R# #'/-)&(
".0(1"%''(%&*"'#-)"(&+? #''- .(&>"#"/-)# #'%S' 1'#=%S' .(&>;.(&>$('#./*/-)&%&+""""-
. )" " . "&-1 + . + ."0
"4"".""3)""-1G+-64-8"%+("40
!""
I"""&"""A) " 4 0,& "/""-1 ".4, 0,&" ".0
4""53)"""8?-
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
53/160
3
1""&""5."-6""."!0
10*"4A
"""4++)"".".5"+-1""..." ++" $ &J".-6""""++"$".4"""&J".0
."""""" . " ++" $ & .""/0
""."" "4, "5.4,0" """" ."""""".."""4,0 " " " . " 4,- "& " " """"4,/"0 " " " " " ""4,0
"4,"..""060*"$,&
"""""""& +&""5&"$,"4,++
).""69-1 " " & " " 5.-6.""!0
.*"$,&
J" . & " " . .. " ++" $0 " " " " " ++" $".$ , " " & J " .0 " " & $,&""0
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
54/160
37
"$,".."4,&&"""4,&""0
80*""4,&
%4,".""3
)-1"-6-8.54,"0
.I"4,"&"""""G+0 & " " " 4 , " " """" 4, " "& " ""4,0*""""".&"//""""0
90*""&&4,$,&
"4,$,"."""0.*"4,$,".""&"""""0""++
)""""4,$,&"" ""&"
"""-1""++"$/".4,$,"..0
*"4,$,&&"&"""""4,$,"" " " 4 , $,0"4,$,"."""0*"4,$,&
. " " " " " 4,$,0 )*"4,$,&".
"""" " " 4 , $,-1 . " " . 4 , $,&J"."0
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
55/160
33
*"4,$,.&""""""4,$,0" )I"" ""
4,B$D,"
" . " " & "4,$,"""&"". "&"4,$,-1""4,$, " . " " " 0
#.& " , $,"...0
#$%
:0*"""%+(&++".%+(0
;0* " " %+(&
" " " & " " "&"" & " " 5& %+("3
)""89-1 " & " 5 . "
-6 "".2"#
"&.."&"2&"."&"".""1?& " . " . &
8."""!&. """ "2".
" . %+( ""5.%+(& " " " " " . " " " . .%+(&%+(."&%+(.""0
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
56/160
3,
%+( " . " " 3
)&1""&6&
8.5"%+("0. " %+(& " """""G+& " . " " " " . "".2"&""%+( & " " " "%+(&""""".&""""""0
>0*"$%+(A""""""5"$%+(%+(3
)."""8?&1 " & " 5 . "&6.
"".2""&
.."&BD"2&"."&"".""")9& " . " . &
8."""!&.$%+(."%+("""""%+(0
)?0*""&&"
"%+($%+(A " " %+( $%+(".""""-."%+($%+(".""."""- " " " %+( $%+(""""""-
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
57/160
3B
"""&""%+($%+( . " & . & "& & %+( $%+( " " " 0 """".. "
"%+($%+(-*%+($%+(&"".""""""%+("$%+(-*%+($%+(&"".""""""%+("$%+(-*%+($%+(.&" " " " " " " " %+( $ %+(-" ) I" " " " " "
"%+( $%+( " & "&"""".""&%+($%+(""0*&"%+($%+("." " " " %+( $%+(".01 " " " " .. " " %+( $
%+(- " & %+( $%+("...0
))0*"."%+($%+(&
++%+(..","$%+(.."$,& " . . .& " %+($%+(0
$%)10*"""%+(&++*".%+(0)60*""%+(&
" " " & " " "&""
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
58/160
3E
& " " 5& %+(@""%"-
)."""89-1 " & " 5 . "
-6 "".""&.."".#%.%&".".+/&&
8."""!-. """ "2".".%+(""5.%+(& " " " " " . "
" " . .%+(&%+(.""0
)80*"""%+("4&
"%+("4.""3).""&1"&6&85"%+("4&
. * " " %+( " 4& " .
""""""G+"-*""5."""" " " /"%+( " 4& " " " = "%+("4-*""5."""&".""."//""0
)90*"""$%+(&
""""" 5& +&"$%+("%+("43
)""8?&1 " 5 . " &"&6 ""=
"#&
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
59/160
3
.. " "# % .%)9& " " " &"""&
8""!&
. "$%+(". . "%+(&"""%+(""0):0*""&"""&""&""/"%+("4"$%+(0++
""%+("4"$%+(".""""0."%+("4"$%+(&"".""&.""0""""%+(
" 4 " $ %+(" . " " &&"+&""0*"".""%+("4"$%+(&&"".""&""%+("4$%+("""%+("4"$%+("0""%+("4$%+(".""""0
*""%+("4"$%+(" . & " ". """%+("4"$%+(0 *""%+( "4"$%+(". & "".""""%+("4"$%+(0*""%+("4"$%+("..&"""! " ""
"%+("4"$%+(0" )*"".""" " " " %+( " 4 "$%+(&&"".""&"""%+( " 4 $ %+( " " " %+( " 4 "$%+("0*"
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
60/160
,
"""".""01 " "%+( "4$%+(".""""0
$& " "%+( "4$%+("...0);0 * " " " %+( " 4 "$%+(++
++"%+("4.."4,&"$%+(.."$,&"..&""%+("4$%+(0
!&
)0*""""."4@&++"""4@.."
4,&"..&""""4@0
'
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
61/160
,
1?0 *" " # . #&
"#"./","#-. . # " . / , "
#01)0 * " # "",#&
##&.#""3
)",#&1,#&6%+(#0
I""#&""++
) . # & /"".-1.".#"..&
" , , # " " 53
)"69&1 " 5 . # "&6"""!&
"",#&""
"++) . " .5 # &1"""#/"&
"""".#"",#& # " " " " . " " ","#&""
"5.""","#&" " " " " " . "#"""#"",#0
110*""#,&
*#,&"#","++
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
62/160
,
).".5"#+-1/.."++" $ . .-
6/""H//""++!."-8."/" " " 0
."#","""""".."++"$&.""#/-#""2."#","#, " 5 .
#,-"#",""".""" " " " . . "#""#,- " # " , " . " . "#&"H//""++ ! " / "#,-""".."#",,-"&""&""#",&"BD""
"#,/"-"""A
) " + H//" +!H//"&"#,&/"++!-1 " / "&"#,&/""-
""""#,&"H//""+ + !
/"-""&"",&,"++!, , " " -2"#",&.#,".""..&"""++"$
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
63/160
,
&.""#&.""-/"""#",, "# -
)"#","..""-1"#,".."#",&"""",&""-
" " #", , ".""""0
160 * " " # " , ",&
#",",&".""3
)&1""&6&8 . 5 " # " , ,"-
."#",,".&.""".""#".."H//""-"H//"""" " . 0" " "
"."""-"#",,"""""".""".""- )"H//""""#
" " . " . " ."" " " " # " , , " . & " ""&."+"".""&"""".."BD"&".2
""&"#",,-1""&".&" " # " , , " " ."-6 *" " " "".&"H//""""""0
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
64/160
,7
180 *" & " #",",&
*#",".""&"".""."""0
."""++)"#",,&".&&"""&1 " " ++" $ ".".# , . " ++" $0
*""#",,."&.&"&" " " / " " """"#0"
"""..""+0 ) * "#, &"".
"""" " " " # ,-1."".#, @% " # ("0
#.&""#",,"...0
190 * " . " " # " , ,&
++ " # " , . . " ,"#,.."$,&"...&""#",,01:0*""""(%$"#&
++ " " " ( % $ " #
" " " # 0,&"(%$"#"."""#01;0*"""%+("#&
++*".%+("#01
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
65/160
,3
"","#"""#& + & " " 5 "# %+( ".""3
)."""8?-1 . " 5& &.#-6 . "". 2
""#&."".2"&...""."")9-
8.""!0."","#"&. " "
%+("#&""""""%+("#0" " " 2 " . %+( "# . ""5.""%+("#0"","#""".""""".."#"%+("#0"%+("#."
"#0 " %+( " # . " "" " ", " # & " %+("","#0*"""%+("#&"."""""",,0"" %+( " # .2 ". "", "# ,&&"".0
#.&""%+("#"...01>0 * " . " "%+( " #&
++ "%+( "# . . " "#,"...&""%+("#0
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
66/160
,,
6?0*"""%+("#&++*"."%+("#0
6)0 * " " %+( "#&
" " , " # " +""5"%+("#.."#.."#&."#""3
)."""8?-1 " " &. "" 5."-6 ."".
"# & " ". "&
..."".)9 #%.%-
8."""!0."","#"&. " " %+("#&""""""%+("#0 " " " 2 " . %+("#.""5.""%+("#0
"","#""".""""".." # " %+( "#0 " %+( " # . " "" " ", " # & " %+("","#0*"""%+("#&"."""""","#,0"%+( "# .2 ""
."",,&&""".0" #.&" "%+( "#"...0
610*".""%+("#&
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
67/160
,B
++"%+("#.." " # , " . . .&""%+("#0
$
660*"""."++!&
++ " . " + +!"."+!"."++!"."+!0680*"""+."+!.&
@ + & + +!5-. " + .+ !
. " + " +! 0 " . ""0"")?."+."+!.0"+."+!.".""3
) # " "+"+!-1 . . "++"$
.-6"..+")10
,."+.+! . . " ) 1 "& "&."+H//" + ! H//" " """++!0" "" .."""""#",0"""".
"H//""++!0 " H//" " + + ! ,"#0%"&" " , " # " +H//"+!H//"0" " H//" " + + ! ."."++
) " " & " & " "" )?&???& " +
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
68/160
,E
+ ! ."""""0""."5.#0
1 " . . " "++!&"5.#&".""+."+!.".".0
" ++" $ " " " ." ". " +.+!.02.."++"$.."+. + ! . " 5 "
#0/ )"H//"" +.
+ ! . " " ". "+.+!.01 " H//" " + . +!.".."#",&"""",""06 ,. " + . +!.".."H//"0
8 " & / & & &"H//". " + . + !."...0
$&""H//"."+.+!."...0 " " ( % $ " ++!""+ . + ! .0,&"(%$"+
+!".""+.+!.0*"K""/.".+"9:&".+" 9 " " .+" 8& " " ..K"'""".+ " .+" 9 :& " .+"9"".+"80K
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
69/160
,
(#!#690*"F"4&
F & " 4 & " ""F"""
0.""& & " "F"40""++
)"F-1"".5".F-6 " . "++" " $ . . . " .5 .. F " 40
8&&.&"&"..&""&F0
"".F""53
)69-1 " 5 . " "-6""5..""-
"""F"..""-."..""F
"""""0*"&"&&"".F&
)""".F".""""-1 " " . F & " " . " "&.""-6""++
"""."F".""
& " +& " ""&.. " " " ++""$ " . " ."F" 0
8*"".""".F & &" " & " "
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
70/160
B
".F"" " 0" " " .F". " " ""0
*""".F".
& " " . " """.F0"*""".F".&""." " " "".F0 . . " . . F F"02*""".F"..&"""
!""""".F0/F&&""".F"...0""(%$F"F0(%$F"F0
6:0 * " . " . F &
++""F.."
4,&..&""".F0
)!#6;0*"*""4&
++*""4"."F"40
*+
60*"+&
++".&"&."0
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
71/160
B
I""*0
QQQQ
",",",",''''++++.#
.#
".="=
."0
.+)0*"".2"&
"2".A""."&""4&""#&""& " + & " + !& $&"&".2"&. " " . " & ,&
""&".010*""""4&
*""40""4"""""2".,0. )""""4"."
"4-1*""4&2""4 "" "4 " . .))0
)""".".."""4"/"01 " " " " 2 " .""""4B++"..""4D"""5"."0
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
72/160
B
6"""""."""""".. " " " "4B++"..""4D08 " " " " " " .
.""""40 )""& " "" "4&". ". . """4"/"01 " " 2 . """" " 4 " 5. ""4 "06""""".""" " " " . . "
"""408 " " " . """40
60 * " 5 " " "4 ""4&"""4""4"A
."9?";>-. 5& & . -
)".2""&1".2"&6"."1?=&8 " . ." . 0
.""!-..-.0
80*"".""&"""""""4""4"&
)&1""&6&8 . 5 " "" "4 ""4"0
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
73/160
B
. * " " " "4 " "4& """."" "'/"0"'/"""".0
*"&5."""%"".. " . " . " " 0 " " " " . """0 " " " " . " . """0""".0""""""".""".""0""'/"""
""0 * &.+""." "&"""".."""4""4""" " & "'/ " """"02""B"D""""4""4""."0/*""""".&"'/"""""0
90*""""""4""4&
"""4""4".""3
).""&1""&6&8 . 5 " "" "4 ""4"0
. * " " " "4 ""4&"."""
"""G+"0 & " . " " " " .. " & " .2 " "& " """4 ""4&"""""""4""40*""""".&"H//""""""0
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
74/160
B7
:0*"""""4""4&
"""4""4" " ;? / . " "
&"3-..""""-."""....&""-"0
;0*""""4""4".&
"""4""4
.-."""4""4&"".&.""""""4""40
0*"""""4""4&
++"""4..""G+""4.."4,&"..&""""4""40
')?0*""#&
"""##&""
0. )"""#"""./""""#""""01*""#""&""" "#"""&"""" " # " " " " & .0
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
75/160
B3
)""&""""4"","#&"""""#&"","#&""""4&"""
" "#&""""#01#""""2" . " " " "" "4 "", "# &.""""#&"."","#& " " " " 4& ."""#& " " 5 . " " " " "# "" " #
"06 " " . 2.+"1.08""".#""""#"""#0
))0*""5"""#""#&
++""""#""#""53
"89":9-. " 5 . # "- )"" 2
"#2"&1"")9&6"""""0
""!-
".-"0)10 *" " " " ",#&
"""""""#&"",#"""#&"3
).""&
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
76/160
B,
1.""&6&85.""""#"""#0
.*""""""""
"#&"",#"" " " # & " " """#H//"0 #" 5 " 5"0 " 5 " . " # &."".""50""5"..&""/"50"""",#&""&""."5&
"""0 " " " . " " +& ""&"50""H//""#""#"" "" .". "0*"""""""""#&".."+""."""# " H//" " " . " """"""#
"","#"2"""#0"","#&"&"."02"&"&""""2""#0/*""#"""""2""#".&"H//""""""""""#"","#""2""#0
)60*""""2"#&
" " 2 "" # " .""3
)&1""&6&
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
77/160
BB
8.5""2""#."0
.*"""2""#".&."+"".""#".
."H//""0"H//""""".. 0 " " " " ."""0"" 2 "" "# " """""."""""0" . " " " . "#""2""#".."H//""0*&."+"".""&""""""
2"""#&"H//"""."""""""#"","#"2"""#0"","#&"&"."0"&"&""""2""#0*""#"""""2"""#".&"H//""".""
"""""#"","#"2""#0
)80*"""2"""#&
++""2"""#"""" ":9 " "3
&."""
"& . . "."...&"0
)90*""""2"""#.&
""2"""#".-
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
78/160
BE
. "" 2 "" "# & "".&"."" " " ""2"""#0
):0*".&"""2"""#&++#.& " "" 2 ""
"#"...0);0*""""2"""#&
++"""""#.."4,"2"""#. . " $, " ...&"""2"""#0
+
)
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
79/160
B
.!"/" " 4& " # " . & " " " . "0
I" "&* . . ""&""20
QQQQ 3''-(%"#$%&&"&"D')*%&*#'/-)&(".0(12-)'-(&*0(1.($2#"R-):"(#"'-"%#'".&*6+
KKKK0(1.($2#"R-):"(#*(0%&*"%#'".&*6+0(1.($2#"R-):"(#*(0%&*"%#'".&*6+0(1.($2#"R-):"(#*(0%&*"%#'".&*6+0(1.($2#"R-):"(#*(0%&*"%#'".&*6+LLLL
/0+
+/+#'-=*5$T+#'-=*5$T+#'-=*5$T+#'-=*5$T++++.(&>0(1.($'-JJJ
.(&>.#'* .(&>.#'4 =."#'"(# -==%#-="'-.(2.-=*5$2#::(*M'%&*"(")=*(-)''%&*(W&7 "R.Z-" "R.Z "R.Z.&* ='## ./>-% M'%'j$(".".3
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
80/160
E
)""4,&+"01$06%."08'& & "
"09$/0:."0;0
+#.T++#.T++#.T++#.T+.(&>0(1.($'-JJJ %'*".2##== %?
".(&.(&2# 1%2#* .(&>2#& 2--(-)"&""%*"."/-)"&'-(2-*='#42./'#">.7 ".(&.(&2#* 1%2#$( %8'6& -@ .(&>2#%8'6&$(#$(2#*">.3#6'*&%6&./#-*.($ #>---*.($6:;0(1.($'-JJJ
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
81/160
E
.(&>""%.- .(&>8T(- -HZ>'(1?c%-( 7.#'@#8R*-#%#;8T(->'. B.(&>8T(-.9$(. E.(&'-.(&(-=6. .(&>"'-(W&=6. .(&(-
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
82/160
E
"%-(42%"43
)"4.1"468"@/,9":/;*)?)))1)6)8"4)9$4+"""):$."4);*""4)*"#"")?#2))
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
83/160
E
7+(-T+7+(-T+7+(-T+7+(-T+.(&>0(1.($'-JJJ
(- 6%= %= 7(#8'"/-)(NR"( 3%->'*=(W&4"&"%-%''. ,#'=*' B%-(+'#1%;%#'.(&=0(1.($'-JJJ
.(&>.(G%&*0(1*"&'#1%;%#'.(&="'-2-%&*(-#W.(&>.(G%&*0(1*"&'#1%;%#'.(&="'-2-%&*6%=#W.(&>.(G%&*0(1*"&'#1%;%#'.(&="'-2-%&*%=#W
52%"43
)0-10-60-80&.&&"-90*&"5-:0-;00
@"#3
)0""."-10""."-60 " " ."0
3+#(#$*-.ZT3+#(#$*-.ZT3+#(#$*-.ZT3+#(#$*-.ZT
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
84/160
E7
.(&>0(1.($'-JJJ .=-): .-'.(*.#/>'. -)%&*2&.''*#(#$#( ,#%@1*.'#' B$(''('. E:== #(#$%'% M'.
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
85/160
E3
.(&>0(1.($'-JJJ
%8M'-*.(&>0(1"8"Y=./"X''%&%''>%"."&")%&
.(&>O(M'">'(././Z%'j$%'j$'-%'j$'-"(%8%8('>#%#*.(&.($.('&27'3(),%'B'#'#k%8"(*%8=."("('-=*>#%#+
'#1%;%#'.(&=0(1.($'-JJJ
.(&>-)-*#%&*";O(M'">'(././Z"(M'"#* 2%-=.#% '#1%; %#' .(&= -)-*#%&*"'*"%O(M'">'(././Z2*2>-(W&'#1%;%#'.(&="'-'./''.%-.7->#3"(./'#k0=0a@10=0+
82#9#9"#
%"43
)0H&"5.-104.-60 ,&& /& -80(-90-:0-
;0&"0
@"#3
)0,.&"""/""&"""&..""4
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
86/160
E,
10-60""-80G-90#&!&.0
B+::TB+::TB+::TB+::T.(&>0(1.($'-JJJ .(&>"2*2-&*:( : >'(%&*(W&"'-".#Ab 7%#(N*&(&%#(N*&(&2#%'% 3"''"'#"'%&'##.($.
, 6(#-* " '>-:6(#-* "''2#( +
/ :2#1# * $ %&* "%#lR2#(W&*
'#1%;%#'.(&=0(1.($'-JJJ
.(&>"2* 2- %''>%&* :("( ".:("#'-::(
:2)%"43
)0*./."-10*7-60!80"""-90!"-:0*""&&/&0
@"#3
)0*"""./."-100
E+(#22%-=*2(TE+(#22%-=*2(TE+(#22%-=*2(TE+(#22%-=*2(T.(&>0(1.($'-JJJ
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
87/160
EB
.(&'-
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
88/160
EE
)80G& & )90#.0
@"#3
)0&2""#10#.""#60"+""#0
+6:+6:+6:+6:TTTT.(&>0(1.($'-JJJ
(&%6>#W(7%''(/-)3"((##"((#'*(-2#8"Y=,R#n(o#(aB6:/6E"(%"/-)"&
.(&>-)%&*JJJ =0: %#' %#1% "2"" ">#"'''(((#('j$(W&%'%(.('#
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
89/160
E
'#1%;%#'.(&=0(1.($'-JJJ
.(&>'>%&* '#22#61* 2% '#22##W
'#1%;%#'.(&="'-6:>(8*%88"Y=;#$'-=7'(3'#1%;%#'.(&=-)-*#%&*JJJ =0:"-">#%# .('#*
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
90/160
@"#3
)0"."4-10/-
6080""-90,"""""""3
"..
:0H"&""-;0"&".0
++++-)T-)T-)T-)T.(&>0(1.($'-JJJ
">->-"($( -.5#$.-) "#. 76=2*#'#.()''%2 3#'O#$>#%#2##W ,"%"/-) B"0> E=(1%/-5/#$'#' %
#%./.#%.($.#%"./().(%#.#%#*'('(8-)>6?R>6+
'#1%;%#'.(&=0(1.($'-JJJ &(%= 5#$-*"#"#/-5/#$'#' ?R>62'*?R>622(W&+
1=2"%"43
)0(10,.6080'".
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
91/160
90:0%;00
)?0 !"& !& !"& !" &))0
@"#3
)0$10"&600
+'T+'T+'T+'T
.(&>0(1.($'-JJJ ' .(:2#0(1*>
7'0(1*>"("(o#&0 "&'2./''-)2#(#-*#% 6-)"./=6. ='"(.* ='"(>%./* (#-*#%6 "->#* (W&># #%2#0(1 "(>#%6* "(>#%6(W&C).(."-2
3%%0(1,&%'B":'/#%''.E%.%%-*#.(#-*"R(=
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
92/160
6080&&.&&&" . " & & "90%
:0;0G02)?0%2))0#..&""0
+#=(#"($(-*'#%#'#=(#"($(-*1%0"/-)"##'#'#%#'1%"'-"(#W(*(0%&*0(1.($-*"R-)"(%&JJJ
5#$.(*-#G ''/('&2.($.(>#%# ?.(&%6 U&(%=( 8"Y=;#$'-= .>#%# 2%'-=>#%# .(&>.(G%&*0(1*"&%8('>#%# 5#$*-"'-*O(2##W &5#$*-42##W+
)10++!.""""!3
&.&.&.""&$&&&&
"""."&I&2/0
+.(&>'#1%;%#'.(&=*#=(#"($(-*'#%#'#=(#"($(-*1%0"/-) 0(1.($'- /.(>% ".#W(*(0! 0(1.($(#-*"R#.(&>C''%#"(%&+
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
93/160
)60"""""4&+!.07+'#1%;C''%#'.(&=C''#./#=(#"($(-*'#0"/-)%#
' #=(#"($(-*1%0"/-)#./ 0(1.($-*"(>% #W* (0! .(&>=."'- 0(1.(G(#"(( .(&>C'' #"(%0(1#.(G(&+)80 " " 5 " "4""""#"+!.03+ C''"2*2** #=(#"($(-*"/-) .(G%&* 0(14 "#$%:*(05(JJJ
#=(#"($(-*'#0"/-)%#'#=(#"($(-*1%0"/-).(G#%&*0(1(.(G'((%&%2#'#1%;C''%#'.(&=C''.(G%&*0(1(.(G'((*2O%2#'#1%;C''%#'.(&=C''.(G%&*0(1("'##*%&+#=(#"($(-*'#0"/-)%#'#=(#"($(-*1%0"/-).(G#%&* 0(1( .(G'((%& .(&>C'' .(G%&* 0(1( .(G'((* 2O .(&>C''.(G%&* 0(1("'# #*%&+?'#1%;C''%#'.(&=C''.(G#%&*0(1(.(G
'((%&.(&>C''.(G%&*0(1(.(G'((*2O.(&>C''.(G%&*0(1("'##*%&+U .(&>C'' '#1%;C'' .(&=C'' #=(#"($(-*'#0"/-)%#'#=(#"($(-*1%0"/-).(G#%&*0(1(.(G'((%&& '&2)0(1'((%&& /-)&(".0(1(.(G'((*2O/-)&(".0(1("'##*%&+'&2)0(1%&.(&>C''(=/..(2..($%/- )&(".0(1*2"O"'&./%&+
)90*"" . +.3
)0*".".++!""."&""."""."010*".".++!"
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
94/160
7
"."&."."""."060*". " "
."&." ."""."080*"." + +!." """&."."""090 " " / . "&""0
,+8T/-)&."("8T2##W(*(05(JJJ
.(&>;i4 ""%.-* .(&>"2*"/-)"&4 ""%.-# #'%S''("(% 1'#=%S''0 02#! .(&>;i"(" .(&>"2* "/-)"&4""%->#8T%#'.(&+'#1%;%#'.(&=""%-##'%S''("(%1'#=%S''002#5('#1%;%#'.(&=""%->#8T%#'.(&+?.(&>=."%#'(#%.(&>4""%.-'#1%; %#' .(&="'- .(&>8T(- 8T-#%*
%#./&*2&(..(&>8T(-">6#W'("./*>(*.--*.($."(".(&>48T-""%2#0(1$( "/-)
7.(&>$( "/-)3'#1%;;$( "/-)
*.(&=;$(,5#$'0HG "/-)B.(&>8T; "'-I
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
95/160
3
U 8T# /-)&%&*""/-)"./>2&*>6'-"8T(-8T-#%*'*('-./&*2&(. ">6#W'("./* >(*.#"(&*->'.'# (%&*.(&>48T-""%2#0(1C''%#'.(#"'-#'%S'>%#>'.(&+8T%"((8TX%64";lR#=6#%&+
2.(&>"#"/-)#=#'%S'%#'='("(%&*(?#$%&.(&>48T-""%2# 0(1C''%#'.(&+.(&>48T-""%2#0(1% .(&>"2*"/-)"&4 ";")* "/-)"&4 #'* ="/-)"&4"%#'.(&>(2('#%_-5=_-5*2C=%#'.(&>=6-*2C=%".#' ' %#' '4 "# 1" (2#%
"%#'7 '&2)0(1'(("./ ".(&.(&2#$('"./ &*"."%#'*(0!.(&>C'''-2--(#-*#%&+%#%.(=.O*!-*.($..($+
">"(#1 ( "%#'"("."%#'"'-#6 .(&>C'' %8'6"'&.($. .(=. O*!-*.($.'## "2]*"&2-&+& .(&>C'' .(G%&* .(&>4 8T-""%2# 0(1("'#.(&>"#"/-)#"(%#2-&+o.(&>C''%2#8T"'-.(G>%&*.(&>4
8T-""%2#0(1( >% -* -*.($>% %-".(>(->*%--*.($#"(%&*">(8T--)%-)0(1#">(&"'#.(G2-&+i.(&>C'' .(G%&*>(8T--)%-)0(1("'#.(&>"#"/-)#"(%#2-&+p .(&>4 8T-""%2#0(1 %#' >(8T--)%-)0(1"'#1%;%#'.(&="#.(&>8T(-#%&*8T-
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
96/160
,
"("'#1%;%#'.(&=""%.-#%2#;$(4>'.("(F%2#'#1%;%#'.(&=C''#"(%#2--! %8'6"'&.($. .(=. O*!-*.($.'## "2]*"&2-&+=%#2-'-JJJ #'/-)&(".0(1" /-)&>%'#1%;%#' .(&="2*
"/-)"&4 ";")* "/-)"&4 #'* ="/-)"&4"%#'
#'/-)&(".0(1"/-)&>%#=(#"($(-*0"/-)";")*"/-)"&4#'*="/-)"&4"%#'
'#1%;%#'.(&=(2('#%_-5=_-5*2C=%#''#1%;%#' .(&= =6-*2C=%#'
7'%#' '4"#1"(2#%"%#'3'#1%;C'' %#' .(&=C'' .(G%&* 0(1'(("&* "."%#'* (0! '#1%;C'' %#' .(&=C'''-2--(#-*#%&+
q'#1%;%#'.(&= 0(1*"&!'#1%;%#'.(&=8T(-%#(%-&*"-""("'#./%&+ .=- =#$-
'#1%;%#'.(&=-)-*#%&*2&''#"%&*-''-*>#2&''4"./*>'(#%&*O(
M'"%-)7 '#1%; %#' .(&= -)-*#%&* '' ./'%3 #$("(F'- &
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
97/160
B
'#1%; %#' .(&=8T(- >'%./* #%"'#'#1%;%#'.(&=4.9$(:./*#%&*"#$".' '#1%; %#' .(&="'-# %' "((W&>'=6%&*"'-%&*"-"JJJ
X*('%%%"(%"(F'-%&*"->%-;#%#%(>Z2%C(>-(W&"(F%&*"-
'('8T(-#%&*8T-
B'#1%;%#'.(&="'-#&(%=2#"/-)"&
4>&*-E(#(F%%->-*(W&'%#
R'#1%;%#'.(&=%& '#1%;%#' .(&=8T(-#0(1*"&%-)-*#%&+'.(&>%&'#1%;%#'.(&=-*#%"-""( "."-"# 0(1*"&! .(&>8T(-%# (%-&+>'#1%;%#'.(&=%''>%&*-*"-""#$"#.(&>=."'-#(.(&>0(1*"&
5(.(&>8T(-%#(%-&+1.(&>%&.(&>8T(-#0(1*"&%-)-*#%&+
):0*""
".4!4."/"G+.""&.4!4.."0.".."/"""G+.""&.".."0
.""4."4 . " " 4 & " . 4%&"-"-"/-".""""&"."3
)0""
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
98/160
E
10"G+G+"60"%+(,.80"%+(,.90"",#,.:0"F",.
;0", )I""&""""" .. .&".01""""0 & " ..""""".""0
.""4."4.&".4%&".&"."""0
"&.&/0H.""4(&""""."".""4."0" ) " . !
" " "!4-1$."4" & ".& ".."4-6..".-
8H". & "" . " "0&20
"""2""/2"&".""02"4(/"4.."0/%."" .& "4 . . " "
" .0 " 4( / " ."0#.""2""/2". "" " " " . "4%"4."0
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
99/160
*3) " . ! " " "!4-1 " . . +
" " ".-6$.""&".&".."-8..".-9 H" . .#&"".""#0&20
.""."#%3
)-
1-6I&././""""&"."."-8.""""&9 #""&
.. # " -
:" ""-;H". ! "
."-
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
100/160
)C''"&'&+)0"".."0"G+".."""""0+/-)&(".0(1"%&0(1'(("%&("(%&*'
# >2# #'%S' 02%&* "#$%-=*5$'$#"((?^#$./*/-)&%&JJJ #'%S' 1'#=%S' 1'#=%S' 7.(&%6C''0HG
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
101/160
3"#$%C''0HG ,'('-=0$( B1'#='('-=0$( E-=;i; #.;i; .(&>);i; =(;i;10.."""""&"'$."".""3
)1G+6G+8/""9/%":++"$;$++"$,%)?,%)),@%0
+#'%S'%&JJJ .(1R-'5#-*((#-*#%&
"#$%-=*5$4 >*"& -'5#%-*%((#-*#%&+60"""
""."""""'$0
7+#'%S'%&0(1*"&JJJ ?R>628-)?R>62'2#(.9*"(..($#%&
.9*"(>%&*?R>628-)?R>62'2#(#.(&(%#..($#%&+
80""A
"./&"0
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
102/160
3+ #'%S'%& .(&>C''4 %8'6&./* #.'#.(&* %'2%-=. %'"2"%-=./''. .($#%&+ %#'- "=62- #"(%&*"."#$D #'%S'%& " #$%-=*5$* #:#.'#.(&'*%'"2"%-=./''#%&+#'%S'%#4"=62-#.(&>C''%#'.("'&.($=6&+90""."""" " 0 @ " "" & " " " " ' $ "&""/"""/."0,+#'%S'%&0(1*"&JJJ ###4%'#"(..(&F=6..($#%&
#.%'" "( %8'6&(.#.%'" .(&F=6"C''4 "'&.($./*% ".(&.(&2# 1%2# %#'#" $($(2#. "'&.($2-. (=/. $('>-..($&.(&>C''4"'&.($=6#"(%".(&.(&2#1%2#%#'# "$($(2#."'&.($2-.(=/.$('>-..($#%&+
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
103/160
" & & . & " " " " " " -."&&.""5""&""0
+#'%S'%& #'461* #'4".""(('##.(&>C''"&"'-./ .(&%6C'' %#' "#$%C'' "&"'-./#'%#./""-#-.(0""4""""""&""""%"&""""0+#'%S'%"(O.(&>C''"(F"&"#./">6"&
"#./F=6((.(&>C''=""'.(-*#%&+
#'%S'%&(1-)">'.()*%&*0(1)*%#"R'&%"##
(%#>.#O="#>'.(%&*(,"'-(%"(2.(&>C''"&"%#'.(!"'&.($=6&+(,"'-.(&>C''"&" (#O .(&>C''">6"&"#F=6(!"'&.($=6&+
? .(&>C''4"'&.($ #O 0(1)*%#"R'&%"#%&"'&.($%&*!"R'&.()&+
U #'%S'%&.(&>C''4%8'6&./*>#0(1)*%#"R'&%"###"(%"(#".">#2"'&./#%&+
0(1)*%#"R'&%"#>'.(
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
104/160
7
.*"""".&"" . " " " ":?""0*"" "" ":?&"""0
""""""."0".".""""50"/":?&"..""0*""""""/"&""0
+#'%S'%&JJJ
#'"Z'##.O /-)&(".0(1*"& /-)&>%"#$%-=*5$*#:"#"(%#2-(#-*#%&+##42-#.(&>C''"&"(#./O="&"%# '.(! "'&.($=6&+ .(&>C''"&" (#'O .(&>C'' "(F"&" F=6! '.("'&.($=6&+?.(&>C''4%8'6&./*%
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
105/160
3
%2-%&*"./*.($)*%.($(:"'-&%&*C''&%&*''-O./'#+%#'-V)*%#'#.%& #'%S'"/-)&(".0(1(-(-).('.*(0%&*.(G*%2#.#+)80""..
""".""" ""0@""""""""0+.(&>"#4"($(:"-*"R+.(&>"#4"($(:"-*"R+.(&>"#4"($(:"-*"R+.(&>"#4"($(:"-*"R3+!%
+ /-)&(".0(1( .(G* 2O .(&>4 "($(:"R%& .(&>C''0(1.($#%"($(:2##W(%#&%(%&+)0.2""&""4""""""/0+/-)&(".0(1(.(G*28).(&>4"($(:"R%'%S'D '%&+ V(C''%& "R(#"/-)"&'(("&"R(#(?^#$'00"&'*((#-*("(..($#'=6+>#.(=(#.(>#%#2->%&*"#%#'$('% '%S'4"#%#'$(''%%&* #W("( .(&>"# 2--*#% #W("'-&"2#(#W(#.(&>"#;"-)"(&0(1'((" 2-'#% (?#$" -)"(& #"(%&*&0(1.(G-*#%&+
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
106/160
,
U#'%S'%&">(.(G4=8=%8#>##8)##4''Y#=.1%"#./"#i2#("#./-)"(#%&+
60 %"4("."
"0.H"""." " . . . "0 * & " "" "".5""."0""/""."4(&"".""4(".&".""0I"2""&"
.."..207+.(&>"#%''&5#(-"%=*'0(1###>#%#*%&+80"4(".&&""03+.(&>"#%&/-)&(".0(1(.(G*"&.(&>"#461#'&+=61*""(%##2-)!.(&>C''4%8'6&./*"">&/2-&+90 " 4 ( " " " " 0 " 4 ( " 2 """"""0,+.(&>"#%&8T*:##%&*.(&>40""%.-"(F "..($ .(&>4 8T- ""%2# 0(1C''%#'%-"'&.($=6&+:0 @ . " 4& " " &"4("".4.&".""""0B+ .(&>"#%& ##'%-%&* .(&>4 8T-""%2# 0(1C'' .(G..($#O.(&>C'' 2.(G>%&* .(&>4 8T-""%2#0(1( %"%#'-*.($8"'-%-)-*#%&+
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
107/160
B
;0"4("""""""" " + 4 . " &""4(+..."0
E+.(&>"#%&/-)&(".0(1(.(G*"&.(&>C''0(1.($#%#W(*(0!#"(%&*0(1C''%#'%-#%&+#".:#"'- ((#:(%&+)?0"4( " " & "&"+..""/0+ .(&>"#%& /-)&(".0(12# ".(-:* =##'.(2%''2#".(-:"(JJJ
'#1%;*.(&="=."
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
108/160
E
& / . - - - .+--.&".
4 . + 4-/0+.(&>"#%&0(1*"&JJJ
.(&>2#>"/-)"# "(%#/-)%&+=%#/-)&'-('*((#-*#%''("(%>#"(#%&+
)10"4(&"&"A
4+ ! & ""!-."5.0
+.(&>"#%&JJJ
.(&>C''""-'%&*"($(2#2./'#"">&/2-#4"=62-#.(&>C''%#.(&"'4".""((*(0!.(&>C''%#""-'
.(&+)60"4("+
. " &.""/"0.."""4".0
+'#1%;%#'.(&="#4"($(:"-*"R+'#1%;%#'.(&="#4"($(:"-*"R+'#1%;%#'.(&="#4"($(:"-*"R+'#1%;%#'.(&="#4"($(:"-*"R4+
+ /-)&(".0(1( .(G* 2O '#1%; %#' .(&="#4"($(:"R%&'#1%;%#'.(&=C''0(1.($#%#W(%#%(%&+ >#.( .(&>0(1 '((" '#1%; %#' .(&="#"2--*.($%&*#W(%#&%(%&+)0.2""&"" "" "" " " "
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
109/160
/0,&"&"" " " "" " ".""40+'#1%;%#'.(&="#%&.(&>"##''&5#(-"
%=*'0(1##'##>#%#*'-6&'#%&+10 " " " " . " 4("."&5"0+ '#1%; %#' .(&="#%& .(&>"# '>%&* 61*%&.(&>0(1*%&28)'#1%;%#'.(&="'-"">&/2-&*(*(0%&* ##%2#'#1%;%#'.(&=C''4%8'6&./*"">&/2-&+
60.2"."4(4&" " " 2 " " / . " " " " "07+'#1%;%#'.(&="#%&/-)&(".0(1(.(G*"&.(&>40""%.-"(F"..($'#1%;%#'.(&=48T-""%2#0(1
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
110/160
:0 *" " "&" """"."#"@"."#0B+'#1%;%#'.(&="#%&JJJ
'#1%; %#' .(&=;i* ='#4 ""#i"/-)"&4(2-:#/-)&(".0(1(.(G*"&./&'&2)0(1(.(G*"&./&-).Ab.;2#.(&>0(1*"&&.(&>"#*;#$'#:!#'=6"">&/%&*(#
2-#JJJ'#1%;%#'.(&=2# =8>"/-)" #"(%# /-)%"(%=8>#"(#%&+
&/2-&+##4"=62-#%2#'#1%;%#'.(&=C''%#.(&"&
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
111/160
##=.1%4".""((*(0%&*"#.(&>"#*%2#'#1%;%#'.(&=C''%#'.(&+
>0""A
" . " #& . " " / " # 0.."""4"#0
+'#1%;%#'.(&="#%&.(&>"#""-("(%&*('#>2&+)?0" " " /."40
7+#=(#"($(-*'#0"/-) %#' #=(#"($(-*7+ #=(#"($(-*'#0"/-) %#' #=(#"($(-*7+#=(#"($(-*'#0"/-) %#' #=(#"($(-*7+ #=(#"($(-*'#0"/-) %#' #=(#"($(-* 1%0"/-)4 "($(:"-* 1%0"/-)4"($(:"-* 1%0"/-)4 "($(:"-* 1%0"/-)4"($(:"-*"R"R"R"R52 + 0# $?
+ /-)&(".0(1( .(G* 2O #=(#"($(-*'#0"/-) %#'#=(#"($(-*1%0"/-)4#=(#"($(:"R%&"(#W(%#%(%&JJJ
#=(#"($(-*'#0"/-)%#'#=(#"($(-*1%0"/-)0(1.($-*#%&*#W(.(&>C''.(G%&*0(1'(("#=(#"($(-*'#0"/-)%#'#=(#"($(-*1%0"/-)"2--*.($%&*#W(?%2#'#1%;%#'.(&=C''.(G%&*0(1'(("#=(#"($(-*'#0"/-)%#'#=(#"($(-*1%0"/-)"2--*.($%&*#W(+
)0 .2 " & " + "!."3
" "" " !."/-. " "" " !.""."-
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
112/160
" "" " !.""."#0
+#=(#"($(-*'#0"/-)%#'#=(#"($(-*1%0"/-)%&.(&>"#
#''&5#(-"%=*'0(1###>#%#*'-6&'#%&+10+!.""""4 ( . " & 5"0+#=(#"($(-*'#0"/-)%#'#=(#"($(-*1%0"/-)%&JJJ
.(&>"#461*2O ##=.1%"'-8/-5/#$'#'"'-"">&/2-#(""0#2-)%2#'#1%;%#'.(&="#*#:>#&0""%.-#2-) /-)&(".0(1(.(G *"&%2#'#1%;%#'.(&="#*#:!%8'6&=6&+?%2#'#1%;%#'.(&=48T-""%2#0(1(##*%2#%&* -*.($8T-#%''>%&*8T&0&*"&%-)-*#%&U8T2%2#'#1%;%#'.(&=C''8T-""%2#0(1# .(G..($#%./* %2# '#1%; %#' .(&="#>8T-""%2#-*.($#"##('#1%;%#'.(&
=C'' 2 .(G>%&* 8T-""%2#0(1( -*.($>%&*%"%#'8"'-%-)-*#%&+60"+"!."A
.2 " "4(& / " " " " " -. . " " """-""""."."-""""+.""""."."N".0
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
113/160
7+#=(#"($(-* '#0"/-) %#' #=(#"($(-* 1%0"/-)%& ##=.1%"'-'>2#%=8>"/-)"&4(2-:#0(1*"&;2&+:0"+!.""/ " . " 4 ( " 03+#*>3+#*>3+#*>3+#*>6
+#*>%&('#*&+)0".0+ #*>>. >6'#.9*. "5#=6. &>#%#. ":>&%''.*"=6.#0(1*"&2-&+10,"&&&"& " & /
"0+#*>4(-"#':/6"#>"#$%>/-.2#"#$-*#*"5#>':%%#"'-#"(%&*0(1#.(G&+
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
114/160
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
115/160
3
)."4-1 "&"" " &. "4(&6 "&"" " &" &"&..4
8"..
.""4""""4&" " 2 . " " 4 &"".""4&.2""&"""2"2 . " "" 0 " "4""" 2& " &"2."0
" " 4 " " " 2 "0
+.(&>'C''$(%&JJJ "(X'"##>'(#-*"R#%&JJJ '%-X'"# "R(X'"# '.X'"# 7"R(#X'"# 3":FX'"#+
#'"'- "(F"." (F(
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
116/160
,
U0(1'(("%''>%#W(#.+60" "" 2 "3
2
.222.
7+ '2##W"#'#1%;'C''%&5#$'
*##X5#$="'-#'4'C''./%& '#1%;%#'.(&="'-#1%'#.(&>=."./%''
O'2##W"#%2#'#1%;%#'.(&='C''%&=.(&>=."'-#'4'C''./%&+
80 I""2&F#""""
"F"0.*.4&"""""2"""""40
3+ #' #=(#"($(-* '#' #=(#"($(-* 1%'%&0(1*"& .(:2# 6: ' 6:# & "=6:* .(2:#&0(1'(("%''>%#W(#&(#-*"R#%&+90$ & + +""2"&&&".0,+5#$='%&0(1*"&.(:2#6:'6:#&0(1'(("%''>%#W(#&(#-*"R#%&+:0"""2"&&".0B+.(&>''-'2##W"#V/-)&(".0(1"./".0(1'((".//-)&%&*''-0(1*"&>%'%6;
2-&+;0" 2 " / " " 2"4"""0E+.(&>'C''$(%&'2#8T-""%#V/-)&(".0(1(.(G*"&.(&>408T-""%2#0(1"#>'.(&+
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
117/160
B
'%6;$(%&.(&>C''"&"'-./.(&%6C''%#'"#$%C''"&"'-./#' %#'".(&%6'#*%2#%&*";%'2#"."#""-'.(#%&+>0"" "4 " " " " . " 2 " " . " "&""""%".0
QQQQ
"B"B"B"B'(''(''(''('+++++
, "'#8 ,'- ()*%&* "#$%&&"&"')*%&* #'/-)&(".0(12-)'-(&*K'('L""'-"%#'
".&*6+K'('"L*(0%&*"%#'".&*6+K'('"L*(0%&*"%#'".&*6+K'('"L*(0%&*"%#'".&*6+K'('"L*(0%&*"%#'".&*6+
0
@'+A+'('%&""'*'5(-&>.%'%&*''&%#$'('./%&+)0""""0
+'('%'/-)&(".0(1#-=*"M#'#%&+10"."0+.(&>5(#$-)'#%&&A-':5(#$-)*"$("."R'&'*#5)'##-=*'(''-"M#'#%&+
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
118/160
E
60" . + "4&07+.(&>.#".(&'-.(&("Y=-="'-'('02&+#'-="'-"M#"2%#'(/-)%&'('./%&+
80""4,0""03+'('%&"#$%-=* 5$4%8'6&./*# '5$*-='-.(&%6'(("'-2--*#%&+'('402:./*.(&%6@Z#/2&+90I""'$&"""" " " 0"N"."N"0
,+#'"'-##"/-)"&"%&'('4-():"'-#&+:0%""".""0B+'('-=0$(%"/-)"&"4";")./%&+;0 " $ ++" " 0E+'('-=0$(4"2*%'''-..($#"'-'('-=
0$(#1'#=%S'"2*%''%&+./*'('-=0$(#"('(&+>0 " " " +" $ " ""'$0
+'('%&'((#2##W"#-'(--)2-(#-*#%&+)?0"""""0+ '('%"'-8''-"/-)./*./'0'&./ 0(1*"%&+
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
119/160
))0,2."...20+8''-'('-=0$(4"2"./'%&"5(".('./%&+
)10" " ++" " $ 20+%-./%-%'('%*%22%'('%4#%">(**'#"'-0(1.(G&+)60%"."..07+#''-#'*#%"'-8"Y=O'('%&
6&2-&+)80 " " " """"0
QQQQ
"E"E"E"E#%#%#%#%#%46"-*"*'#%46"-*"*'#%46"-*"*'#%46"-*"*'++++?'*
, "'#8 B'- ()*%&* "#$%&&"&"
')*%&* #'/-)&(".0(12-)'- (&* K#% #%46"-*"*'L""'-"%#'".&*6+
K#%#%46"-*"*'"L*(0%&*K#%#%46"-*"*'"L*(0%&*K#%#%46"-*"*'"L*(0%&*K#%#%46"-*"*'"L*(0%&*
"%#'".&*6+"%#'".&*6+"%#'".&*6+"%#'".&*6+
0@?9'*?A
+"/.(("&"'((*.(&*%6%&.(&>%S'.#'4#%./
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
120/160
.(&>%S'.#'4'#%#8(-/-%6 V/-)&(".0(1"'&.($.(G%&*'-0(1"#%./5(%6)0%""""5!"4
,3
% . ." " " 4 ,0. " " !" " ""0
+#%./.#%.($.*#%"./().'#%&0(1./*.(G%&*"'#./&+10!"&!!""..."0
+#'%&&%6#2#0(1"'-''6&O"-*"#&+>#.(0(14""-=#&''6&O-=6(#-*(&+60"".!25".""507+#'%&&%&*.(&>.#'4#%#O6#$'##-=8%>6iY"2*"'=0:"#$% "#$% 2)%# "':+90!"25""3
-.-
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
121/160
-.-"/+"-"0
,+"#$%%&'6&%"("'-"#$%-*#%"-*"'##-*#%&+:0I"."""./0B+ # %6=* #=2"#$%%& 0(1"%''>% "-*"#"&"O-*#&+;0,"&""2"..
E+#'%&"("#>'-./#*>-='('-./%''%"&"* .(&*( #'4 &%&*#%#O 6#$ '# #-=8%%%"#$%"#$%#"6-=>.#-).:.($+ %#'- "#$%*% %*.'%&* >6'"'- "#$%"-=>.#V(1"""'./+0'""&"&."!0+ #%'#%& #'5$ '0(1## (-"%= %#'.(&%6'#4#=*'"#$.(G>%&*0(1*2O"("-*"#-'(-%-)2--*#%&JJJ
##4=.=62# -'(->'/.(2#-* %./-*(8)5#--*'&*&-*?"%"/-)*"&"/-)&2--*U'#%6#$ '#$*'#$ %#' '#%6#$"#&". 8% %%#& >##:#8) ##.'#%&*
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
122/160
(=0:#-=%&*8%%%*M*>'#-'(-2-(#-*+
)?0""..""".2"&&5.
3
"""!"-."""!."-"""!-"""!"&&"""& "& " 2 " ."&""0
+ #%'#%& #'"'- &%&*"(1%D2# 0(1*"& ".#>#-*#%&+
))0 ! " " " " " " 0+#'%& #%4'#(#2#>%C.(#%(W&C.(#%(W&*(0!0(1"-=(&+)10" "& " & !N 50+V/-)&(".0(1(.(G*2O# '% %4"#0(
5$:(W&5$:(=6*".2%-=2#5$:"'-0(1"-=(&+)60 " "& . & " " "& & " ! .2 " "07+#'%&X.($:*66:#'.%&+)80""./0
3+ #'%& 0(1Z-! .(1R(.#%./* "(1R>2#.* ".(&%6"#$"'-2-#'0(1*"&'>.'("MS#.#'.%&+)90"".." . ""."""""0
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
123/160
,+ 5#((#.(*%& .(&%6#=*'*%& .(&%6*%& V/-)&(".0(1( "..(G'#*%& 2O&%62# 8%%%'- -'(-=62#%"-*" -'(-#-=2'%"-*"'##"&"O#&+
):0!5"".2.&"""""0B+8%%%2##-='&2:*2(6>#%#2(%(-8T#*".2-:'##">(8%%%2#-'(-*'-(+);0 " . " " & & " "."0E+>#%#8%%%*(0!-'(%"-*"#(>%&".(&%6"#$#W*.($.(#W'#"'-#'40(1.($.#'.+)6#%%*.(&*%&*8%%%./%'"%#"'.($%&+
)>0"!"@"""."2"!"0+#'%&=8%%%"W8%%%#]Z8%%%*'#-=%8%'## V/-)&(".0(1 "R'&%D #''-#
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
124/160
7
-).'# (F(&-=%%#'(F( "%(=0:"(&*M*>''##-'(-.($(#$>2-(#-*#%&+=%#2-'-'#%&&A-'#>#(:##".(##'#42-:%& ".'#%6#$'#$#./ 6#$#./>##O %2#%6%& "#:! .(&:#5(%2--*#%&+160 ! "& " " & " " " && & " ""0 *" & " " """0%"""""""./"/""07+#%'#%''>%(&2#61*"&JJJ
(&%-;2 />'%:*=0:#W'--'(-%'%.($/>'2--*#%&+
180!&""."4&"3
"""-....."-""""&&"0
3+#%'#%& #''>%2#61*"&*:#=6-*#%&+
190!&""""."&""""""0,+#'%&(&&>6X%#%"6#$#-=8%"#$%"#$%-).:>#8)##'#4"&""#.9>(*&+1:0" " & .5& !&&&0
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
125/160
3
B+ V/-)&(".0(1*./ %2#0(1*./ 2O #%'#%&.(&%6C''"#$%C'''#1%;C'' %#'.(&=C'''(('--'.9-**-'.9(#-*#%&+
1;0.2"&!""""""&"%"&"#0E+ C'''(( C''#==#%2#)2] 0(1*"& '.(&(%#-*#%&+10!""""."""0+#'%&"#$%(-/-5/#$'#':"'-&(&"":(W&.O./ ":"5(".('C'. O./ "2#(.(:>%&* %#' ":"5(".('C'%&*#"2*.*'(=/5(":#"%'/.(&2"#'%&*""(=.(:"'->#%6">(2..($+
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
126/160
,
660% 5. " ."2"07+.(:Z-##"(%#W%#''&2)0(1'(("-*.($%&*#W'( &%6#O (#-*#%'%6;4 $(#"#8) 7>(#! $(..($+690'!"&/""""5"&."
"18"""0,+ V"D ("(>% "-*"'((# =6#(O %''*"& .(&>'C''$(%#O>=6(#-*#&+6:0!""""""4""2""""0B+ V"D ("(>% "-*"* (0! O>%&* #W('-.(&>'C''$(%&"/.((X'"#'((#%*%&*"'#>'2
*(-
*"R
#&JJJ
'%-X'"# "R(X'"# ?'.X'"# U"R(#X'"# ":FX'"# .(&>'C''$(%# "(%&* X'"#>'2*-*"R%&".'" '&2)0(1" "(>%&* X'"#%8#$%
%&*"#>'2*(#-*"R#>##+6;0*."""""""""0
I.-.I,-I".-
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
127/160
B
IOI-I0"".""4"""
"" " . " "
0E+"/.(("."'(((F(#'-".(&%65$"'-#"(%&*#W'("(#1,("-*"'-*#(2#>+ ./(-# '#'(Z'### ?26(6%:./(F#+60!&".&"""""/"0
7+"'-/.(>%"."*"#""(#%4'(#-*#%"'-0(1./*%''>%=6(#-*#.(=..($JJJ '#'(Z'### 26(6%:./(F# ?"(F"."./(F#+8?0"&""!".A
-.-0
7+-='(/-)%#'5#((#.(*5$'>2%'(/-)" ='#4''Y# (-- >2#* &%(: #'#"'- V"D ("(>% "-*""%' %#' /%# #"(%"-*"#0(1.(G!%'./%#..($&+
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
128/160
E
8)0*"".""".""""".""..&"".""0
7+ #%'#%&JJJ .(&>5(#$-) '#%&&A-':5(#$-)* ?"$("."R'&'*#5)
'##*>#'#%&+810!"
'+"4-
.'+-0
7+#%'#%&/-)&(".0(1(.(G##*>#'#%&+860!..""77+ .(&>%S'.#'4 -'( "$("."R* =.'&'*#5)'##-=*%%'#4'./%&+880!&&"4,073+#%'#%&0(1.(G*"&(&%'#%&+890!"""""07,+ #%'#%& .(&>#'M'# ".! '#%6#$" &&A-'*.(&%6'("%='#"'-;#$(">'2-'#%&+
8:0 !& " " 4 & " .07B+'/-5/#$'#'%#';(F>-%%'#4'./%&+8;0!.0
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
129/160
7E+#%'#%&0(1"(2&*"-"#(2'#%&+8
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
130/160
""""K-'.9.+LK-'.9.+LK-'.9.+LK-'.9.+L//
"%#'".&*6+$.""0
+C''%#.(&%6#==#-'.9'-JJJ
-(-)'(%&*D"%E.(&*!0(1""&"(=-%6'%&*".(2])((#-*#%#%*0(1"2])(-*#%6'#%&2])((#-*#%&+2])((#-*#%#%*0(1"2])(-*#%6'#%&-(-)'(D)2]='='-C'''("'-2])')%((#-*#%&+?>#".( /-)&(".0(1( .(G*"&2])((#-*#%%2#'#%%& ##'#4'#1%;%#'.(&=C''"'- '#%6#$C''#==-'.9'-&2])((#-*#%&+UO#$2])(.#*%&+
)0*.+!"")
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
131/160
*&".""""""""#0@".0
+"((?^#$%&2])((#-*#JJJ %%*> >1R%6 ?#'(*%-(%&%2#0(1.(G>%&*"'#%''.%6 U6-)"./2./'.-'.-*%%6 -'.9.2#0(1"'..%6+10""""+
."#H-.-2."-""..-"."0
+C''#=='0%&-(-)'('-JJJ C'''("'-%-'.9(#-*#%& )2]='='-%-'.9=05(#$-*#%&+60%&+
".0."0
7+ .(&>=.%#'.(&>C'' 0(1.(G!%''>%.(&>=."'-'>#%&*'#1%;%#'.(&=C''#==%&0(1'-%.-*.($>.#O=C''#=="./2('&(#-*#+
80 "4&"4.
"" & ". " ""%"0. " . . " & # ."""4".0
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
132/160
3+V/-)&(".0(1(.(G"%&-'.9.2#0(1( .(G"%& "&" (=-%6 '( #%'#%& C'''((%#-'.9(#-*#%&+90 ! " 5 . " " "
" " " " " 0,+ C''#=='0#"("2. %2#)2]=4 6)2]" "&2 '#:'# '.(&(%##%C''#==*('%%&* '#'# .(&>-(-)>'.(&?.(&>-(-)0(1*"&2&U-(-)#2%&*"%2#C''#==#='#%==./*%&(-*(& .(&>-(-)>#-(-)%& 5( -(-)%6%& C''#=="./2>-%*-(-)%&0(1*"&2-&+
:0 %.."+
)-1"-6."-8 / 5 . " .-9"0
.."...""".."40
4""""0I""&".""""."""0 " 4 "& " "." &/ ""0
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
133/160
B+.(&>C''%&-'.9.2##W*(0!&'.(&(%#.2##W*(0!"(%0(1#.(G&+;0"4".0
E+ #'%S'%& .(&>-(-)'(# /-)&&+ =%#/-)&'- /-)&(".0(1( .(&>;>.*( 0%&* .(G*"&.(&>-(-)0HG"(""/-)"&230#"('(#%&+
.(&>-(-)0HG*"/-)%&JJJ "%3.(&*5(%6./&+
"%%'"(.(&%6C''#=="'-%''>%&*"&"*.(&*%6./&+ .(&>'%6;$(%#'.(&>'C''$(
'%6;"././ '#1%; %#
' .(&= 'C''
'%6;"././"'6>6'''-./"&232-)*%6./&+
%#' '#1%;%#'.(&="2*>#*%'>
%#'0(1>>6'-"&2'>2)*%6./&+
%#' ??'C'' %"./"&2":#(
2-)*%6./&+
%#' UU>(F6#O..($%6./&+
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
134/160
7
1&&5".06 " " "
-#"25"#"2-
.." "2""#)?-""1?-.."0
8+""09 " & " "" " " " ".0:""0;.0""""20
+.(&>-(-)4'"("'#./%&JJJ C''-(-)(.
C''-(-)#;
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
135/160
3
.-""0
+ #'%S'%& .(&>-(-) 0HG %#' "/-)'00
""("-#O >#%#'>-#./*'.(5(>6'>-#%&+
>6'>-.&0&*"& #*>"./ "5#=65(./%&'=6&+
))0 * " " . " 4
" " " "" "&".""0
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
136/160
,
.*"""."4 & & "& " & " " . " 4 " " 4 "0
*""."4&"".""" " " ""."40
+ "(#W(*( 0! .(&>-(-)42./' 2-%&"5(".('"'&./&JJJ -'.9.2#(
-(-)"/-)42./'"#*(0%&*"=6:.(2:?#('2#0(1"2-%#W(+
)10"N"".3
-.."N-/0
+.(&>-(-)0HG*"/-)4'((#-**(#-*#0(1.(G!%''&+)60$& " " " . " "...07+.(&>-(-)0HG*"/-)4'((#-*#(#-*#0(1./*.(G%&*"..($#"'-.(&>-(-)0HG#1'#=%S'"2*%''%&+"/-)#.(&>;"2*%''%&+)80 " " " " 4 .5"G+&.&"4 / & " " " ."4.0 >#".( 0(1.($.2# /-)&:"(## .(&%6C''#==4"&"%''.*(0!'>5(./%&*"%#'".&*6"(#1"(#1-)?./%&*
K.(&%6C''#=="./-'.9%&*"#*'2'&.(&>.#''-"&2".>#)*%6L
6%&*"%#'".&*6"'-JJJ KgKgKgKg----
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
137/160
B
#'4-*.($./* #.%# '%-%&*#& #''-#'4-*.($./* #.%# '%-%&*#& #''-#'4-*.($./* #.%# '%-%&*#& #''-#'4-*.($./* #.%# '%-%&*#& #''-".>#)*%&*"./>&*%-'-&L".>#)*%&*"./>&*%-'-&L".>#)*%&*"./>&*%-'-&L".>#)*%&*"./>&*%-'-&L
"%#'".&*6"././&*-')*%&+
*& "5 ". "
&.+""61+P # 0 + 0!N".3
M!"#1=#
0#+L0
Q
""""K#('+LK#('+LK#('+LK#('+L@A
"%#'".&*6+$.""0
+#('%&JJJ .(&>5(#$-) '#%&&A-':5(#$-)* "$("."R'&'*#5)'##0'&>#%&+#'46%W#*%##%'#%&+
)0".2++"4&+0
.""."0+#(''(%&JJJ !&.(&*%('1##*%&+ /-)&(".0(1*'&2)0(1##&+ ?#('"./0(1*"&/-)&'('>&+
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
138/160
E
10%"3+"0...""0.0
+#(''(%'"'-0(1*"&JJJ -'(-&-*#%& -(-)'-(=05(#$-*#%&+60*""&""""3
!-."0
7+#(''((%&"(".#
(=/&+90*".""""""".+."&.&&"N"./0,+.(&>C''%('*(0%&*#"(%0(1#.(G&+
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
139/160
:0"""0
Q
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
140/160
7
""""K"(F2#.(G+"(F2#.(G+"(F2#.(G+"(F2#.(G+L@A
"%#'".&*6+$.""0+ '#1%;''-./ .(&='='-./ .(&>=.''-./ #=(#"($(-*''-./"($(2#(#/-)&(".0(1(.(G*"& 2-#-#'.(!"(F"."=.''-./
#=(#"($(-*''-./ ='#4 '#''1%'-./ .(&%64"%"#"##>#("Y=.($&*"(F"."(F(O%#'>#%#(F( %"
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
141/160
7
%"'.('.(
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
142/160
7
.""0*&"".""2 " "++""$0"++" " $ " " "
".03+#'%S'%&0(1)*%#"R'&%&*"#>'.(!"(F"."C''"&"%#'.(!"'&.($=6&+(,"'-.(&>C''("&"(#O.(&>
C''"(F"&"F=6('.(!"'&.($=6&+:0" " " " " / """)1"/"""683
"":?0.""&""""":?0
B+"(#1,"#'%S'4'.(#.(&>C''"&"JJJ
"'&.($O0(1)*%#"R'&%"#%&%''>%&**"#
2%&">#"R'&&+"'&.($%&*".("#>('#.9*%''O>#0(1)*%#"R'&%"#%&'#.9*%''%&**"#2%&">#"R'&&+?"'&.($O"'&.($%&**"#'!"R'&.()&+
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
143/160
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
144/160
77
0 *"."" " " "0.'"""&".".."."+%$+%7& " G+& "
" " " " " . " " "++""$0
+#'"RC)"(.%&*'('-=0$(%&0(1.($"R"($("R* '"R'## *%2--*#%&+ '('-=0$(%& 0(1.($"R# ###='#./ ###='#(%&* "/-)"&'( /-)&!./*%2-#%&+"($("R*'"R#%*%&*"/-)"&'((#/-)&!./%*%&*(?^#$'00"./C)"(*%2-#%&+)?0"++""$""."
"" " " & 2 0 "++""$""."".""" 0"..."20+ '('-=0$(%& "(F"."0 "'- #"(%&*=.1%'-# %46"-*"'((#./'(>(#!./#"(%#%'#%&%#'(2##%&+))0"++""$ " " " "
"!&0+#'%S'%&JJJ
"(#1E*""(F"."# ;#'#.9*(#%&+ =%# '#.9*(%&*#W# .(&>C''"(F"&"F=6!"'.(&+
)10 """" " . " " "+" " $ " " & " "."0
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
145/160
73
.0"""'$" " " "++ " " $ . ."""++"$""""0"&
"".0+#'%S'%&'('-=0$(s"("(>%&*'#5(."2-5(C'' "(F"&" F=6! "'.(5(%&*!./ .(&>C''%' 25(./( '('-=0$(> '.( #%&*!./ "(#1"'('-=0$(" #'"R# C)"(2-)*%&*"##"#$%-=*5$*#:5((=/"##%&*".(&>C''%'2%(C''"*0"/-)40(1.($2#("==(2#>.#(=/&+># /-)&(".0(1("($(*'2# "/-)"&"%# /-)&(".0(1*"& /-)&'("(&+
="/-)"&%%C''%'"'-%'>2&+)80 " "& " " ++" "$ " " " )6& / " " . """0"""2." "0" ."" " ""03+ #'%S'* 1'#=%S'%&& .(&%6C''0HG * " #$%C''0HG'#%&&.(&>C''%'26 /-)&(".0(1
*"& #'%S'"%* 1'#=%S'"%'##&.(&%6C''0HG"%*"#$%C''0HG"%'##&-='.95(%&">#2'%&+)90 "" " " " " & "G+&"/"""/"%""""&"G+&"/
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
146/160
7,
" " " / "%"" . ""0,+ "#$%-=* 5$%& .(&>C''%'2%-#'-'('-=0$( s"("(>%&*' 5(." 2-..($#
%%./*%''"#'#.9*("#$"%&*' 5( ."2-5(0
E+"#$%-=*5$%&JJJ/-)&(".0(1*"&C''/-)&..($#%0(1.($"($(*'"R'##*%2-%&+V/-)&(".0(1(.(G)"'%S'"%-='.95(.(&>"2* "R(#"/-)" /-)&5(%&*"#># #'"R#*%2--*#%&+>#%#*%2-'-0(1.($"R# #='#*%2-&+"($("R*'"R#.(&>"2*'#1%;%#'.(&="2**#=(#"($(-*"2*"'-%*%&*"/-)"&/-)&!./%*%&*(?^#$'00"./C)"(*%2-
#%&+)
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
147/160
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
148/160
7E
'0082#"/-)"&'((="/-)"&'004'2-%&"'&./&+='2-"(F"
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
149/160
7
7+ ')*5(./%&* ".&*6* "%#'".&*6# #'".6
#'/-)&'&2( 0(1.($ "($(* '2# /-)&:"(#*"(F2#.(G"'##.(G#.(2#O.(&>C''#=="4 2=*#: .(2%8'65(.(&X'2]=6(-)(!2])((#-*#%6"4>2])./*%.(2&+
"(#1'-/.(>%&*.(G"("..(G#.(&>C''#=="42=*#:2])./*%.(2&+
?"(#1("*%2#"$&*(1#/-)&(".0(16
-
8/7/2019 Collection of Detailed Basic Principles (All 15 Chapters)
150/160
3
#"&)""..3"/"& 0H
""""""01"."0
#'">#"''2#(*(05(JJJ#'">#"''2#(*(05(JJJ#'">#"''2#(*(05(JJJ#'">#"''2#(*(05(JJJ K#'">#"''2#(#/.(5(JJJ #'">#"''2#(%&"("'#./%&+
#"&"""&M"".".0L
#'%*(05(JJJ#'%*(05(JJJ#'%*(05(JJJ#'%*(05(JJJ K#'%"./##'%#%''%&+L
#"'%"&M"'%"".."'%"0L
#'45#$'*(05(JJJ#'45#$'*(05(JJJ#'45#$'*(05(JJJ#'45#$'*(05(JJJ K.(&'%'45#$'./%&+L
#"&
M""'0L
Q
7777K6.(.(G6.(.(G6.(.(G6.(.(GL#
-
8/7/2019 Col