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TABLE OF CONTENT

Chapters Contents Page. No

1 Abstract

List of figures

2 Introduction

3 Product Environment

3.1 Hardware Specification

3.2 Software Specification

4 Product Analysis

4.1 About the Product

5 Literature Review

Appendices

Bibliography

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ABSTRACT

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This project focuses on the application of gaming which deals with an real time pixel perfect

collosion detection , this is not an web based application , it runs only in a stand alone system

and the application was developed using the set of softwares Macromedia Flash, Action script ,Photoshop, paint , flash player .

Flash is used to create fla and swf files where the Photoshop and the paint is used

for design and animation and the output of the file to be shown on a flash player. The each and

every action of this game was developed using the Action script which also a scripting language

like jsp and php, the motions and actions covers around seventy scripts for creating this

application, these Action script is a product of flash itself so the integration is very much easily

done in between the scripts .

In physical simulations, video games and computational geometry, collision detection involves

algorithms for checking for collision, i.e. intersection, of two given solids. The process or

mechanism of determining whether two shapes are partially occupying the same space. The

process of detecting simultaneous transmissions on a shared medium. Typically, each

transmitting workstation that detects a collision will wait some period of time and try again.

Collision detection is an essential part of the CSMA/CD access method.The recognition of the

collision of sprites with other sprites or display data.so called hit detection, collision detection is

the act of noting the intersection of two objects. This can be something as simple as determining

if the mouse is over a button or as complicated as detecting the overlap of two moving objects.

The integration between the scripts and the action design using the Photoshop and

pain plays the important key role for creating this application , the future enhancement for their

project is to develop this project as a web based application .

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CHAPTER 2

INTRODUCTION

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In physical simulation, we wish to conduct experiments, such as playingbilliards. Thephysicsof

bouncing billiard balls are well understood, under the umbrella ofrigid body motion and elastic

collisions. An initial description of the situation would be given, with a very precise physical

description of the billiard table and balls, as well as initial positions of all the balls. Given a

certain impulsion on the cue ball (probably resulting from a player hitting the ball with his cue

stick), we want to calculate the trajectories, precise motion, and eventual resting places of all the

balls with acomputer program. A program to simulate this game would consist of several

portions, one of which would be responsible for calculating the precise impacts between the

billiard balls. This particular example also turns out to benumerically unstable: a small error in

any calculation will cause drastic changes in the final position of the billiard balls.

Video games have similar requirements, with some crucial differences. While physical

simulation needs to simulate real-world physics as precisely as possible, video games need to

simulate real-world physics in an acceptable way, inreal time and robustly. Compromises are

allowed, so long as the resulting simulation is satisfying to the game player.

Collision detection in physical simulation

Physical simulators differ in the way they react on a collision. Some use the softness of the

material to calculate a force, which will resolve the collision in the following time steps like it is

in reality. Due to the low softness of some materials this is very CPU intensive. Some simulators

estimate the time of collision by linear interpolation, roll backthe simulation, and calculate the

collision by the more abstract methods ofconservation laws.

Some iterate the linear interpolation (Newton's method) to calculate the time of collision with a

much higher precision than the rest of the simulation. Collision detection utilizes time coherence

to allow even finer time steps without much increasing CPU demand, such as in air traffic

control.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billiardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rigid_body_motionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elastic_collisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elastic_collisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_programhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_programhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_stabilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_stabilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real-time_computinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real-time_computinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rollback_(data_management)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rollback_(data_management)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_lawshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_lawshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_methodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_traffic_controlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_traffic_controlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rigid_body_motionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elastic_collisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elastic_collisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_programhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_stabilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real-time_computinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rollback_(data_management)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_lawshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_methodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_traffic_controlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_traffic_controlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billiards

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After an inelastic collision, special states of sliding and resting can occur and, for example,

the Open Dynamics Engineuses constrains to simulate them. Constrains avoid inertia and thus

instability. Implementation of rest by means of a scene graphavoids drift.

In other words, physical simulators usually function one of two ways, where the collision isdetected a posteriori(after the collision occurs) ora priori (before the collision occurs). In

addition to the a posteriori and a priori distinction, almost all modern collision detection

algorithms are broken into a hierarchy of algorithms. Often the terms "discrete" and "continuous"

are used rather than a posteriori and a priori".

A posteriori (discrete) versus a priori

In the a posteriori case, we advance the physical simulation by a small time step, then check if

any objects are intersecting, or are somehow so close to each other that we deem them to beintersecting. At each simulation step, a list of all intersecting bodies is created, and the positions

and trajectories of these objects are somehow "fixed" to account for the collision. We say that

this method is a posteriori because we typically miss the actual instant of collision, and only

catch the collision after it has actually happened.

In the a priori methods, we write a collision detection algorithm which will be able to predict

very precisely the trajectories of the physical bodies. The instants of collision are calculated with

high precision, and the physical bodies never actually interpenetrate. We call this a prioribecausewe calculate the instants of collision before we update the configuration of the physical bodies.

The main benefits of the a posteriori methods are as follows. In this case, the collision detection

algorithm need not be aware of the myriad physical variables; a simple list of physical bodies is

fed to the algorithm, and the program returns a list of intersecting bodies. The collision detection

algorithm doesn't need to understand friction, elastic collisions, or worse, nonelastic collisions

and deformable bodies. In addition, the a posteriori algorithms are in effect one dimension

simpler than the a priori algorithms. Indeed, an a priori algorithm must deal with the timevariable, which is absent from the a posteriori problem.

On the other hand, a posteriori algorithms cause problems in the "fixing" step, where

intersections (which aren't physically correct) need to be corrected. Moreover, if the discrete step

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Dynamics_Enginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Dynamics_Enginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scene_graphhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scene_graphhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_priori_and_a_posteriori_(philosophy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_priori_and_a_posteriori_(philosophy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_priori_and_a_posteriori_(philosophy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Dynamics_Enginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scene_graphhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_priori_and_a_posteriori_(philosophy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_priori_and_a_posteriori_(philosophy)

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is not related to objects relative speed, the collision could get undetected, resulting in an object

which passes through another, if fast enough.

The benefits of the a priori algorithms are increased fidelity and stability. It is difficult (but not

completely impossible) to separate the physical simulation from the collision detectionalgorithm. However, in all but the simplest cases, the problem of determining ahead of time

when two bodies will collide (given some initial data) has no closed form solution -- a

numerical root finderis usually involved.

Some objects are in resting contact, that is, in collision, but neither bouncing off, nor

interpenetrating, such as a vase resting on a table. In all cases, resting contact requires special

treatment: If two objects collide (a posteriori) or slide (a priori) and their relative motion is

below a threshold, friction becomesstiction and both objects are arranged in the same branch of

the scene graph.

Optimization

The obvious approaches to collision detection for multiple objects are very slow. Checking every

object against every other object will, of course, work, but is too inefficient to be used when the

number of objects is at all large. Checking objects with complex geometry against each other in

the obvious way, by checking each face against each other face, is itself quite slow. Thus,

considerable research has been applied to speeding up the problem.

[edit]Exploiting temporal coherence

In many applications, the configuration of physical bodies from one time step to the next changes

very little. Many of the objects may not move at all. Algorithms have been designed so that the

calculations done in a preceding time step can be reused in the current time step, resulting in

faster algorithms.

At the coarse level of collision detection, the objective is to find pairs of objects which might

potentially intersect. Those pairs will require further analysis. An early high performance

algorithm for this was developed by M. C. Lin at U.C. Berkeley [1], who suggested using axis-

aligned bounding boxes for all n bodies in the scene.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root-finding_algorithmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stictionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stictionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scene_graphhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Collision_detection&action=edit&section=5http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~jfc/mirtich/collDet.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axis-aligned_bounding_boxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axis-aligned_bounding_boxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root-finding_algorithmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stictionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scene_graphhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Collision_detection&action=edit&section=5http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~jfc/mirtich/collDet.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axis-aligned_bounding_boxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axis-aligned_bounding_box

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Each box is represented by the product of three intervals (i.e., a box would

be .) A common algorithm for collision

detection of bounding boxes is sweep and prune. We observe that two such

boxes, and intersect if, and onlyif,I1 intersectsJ1,I2 intersectsJ2 andI3 intersectsJ3. We suppose that, from one time step to the

next,Ik andJk intersect, then it is very likely that at the next time step, they will still intersect.

Likewise, if they did not intersect in the previous time step, then they are very likely to continue

not to.

So we reduce the problem to that of tracking, from frame to frame, which intervals do intersect.

We have three lists of intervals (one for each axis) and all lists are the same length (since each

list has length n, the number of bounding boxes.) In each list, each interval is allowed to intersectall other intervals in the list. So for each list, we will have an matrixM= (mij) of zeroes

and ones: mij is 1 if intervals i andj intersect, and 0 if they do not intersect.

By our assumption, the matrix Massociated to a list of intervals will remain essentially

unchanged from one time step to the next. To exploit this, the list of intervals is actually

maintained as a list of labeled endpoints. Each element of the list has the coordinate of an

endpoint of an interval, as well as a unique integer identifying that interval. Then, we sort the list

by coordinates, and update the matrix Mas we go. It's not so hard to believe that this algorithmwill work relatively quickly if indeed the configuration of bounding boxes does not change

significantly from one time step to the next.

In the case of deformable bodies such as cloth simulation, it may not be possible to use a more

specific pairwise pruning algorithm as discussed below, and an n-body pruning algorithm is the

best that can be done.

If an upper bound can be placed on the velocity of the physical bodies in a scene, then pairs of

objects can be pruned based on their initial distance and the size of the time step.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweep_and_prunehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_(math)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweep_and_prunehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_(math)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithm

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CHAPTER 3

PRODUCT ENVIRONMENT

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3.1 HARDWARE SPECIFICATION

Processor : Intel Pentium III

Speed : 2.40 GHz

Hard Disc : 40 GB

RAM : 256 MB

Display Card : Super Video Adapter (SVGA)

Keyboard : Multimedia Keyboard.

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3.2 SOFTWARE SPECIFICATION

Operating System : Windows XP/Vista/Seven

Front End : Macromedia Flash 8

Player : Macromedia Flash Player 8

Code Behind : Action Script

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CHAPTER 4

SYSTEM ANALYSIS

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ABOUT THE SOFTWARE

Originally acquired by Macromedia, Flash was introduced in 1996, and is currently developed

and distributed by Adobe Systems. The precursor to the Flash application was SmartSketch, a

drawing application for pen computers running the PenPoint OS developed byJonathan Gay,

who began working on it in college and extended the idea forSilicon Beach Software and its

successors. When PenPoint failed in the marketplace, SmartSketch was ported to Microsoft

Windows and Mac OS. With the Internet becoming more popular, SmartSketch was re-releasedas FutureSplash, a vector-based Web animation in competition with Macromedia Shockwave. In

1995, SmartSketch was further modified with frame-by-frame animation features and re-released

as FutureSplash Animatoron multiple platforms.The product was offered to Adobe and used

by Microsoft in its early work with the Internet (MSN). In 1996, FutureSplash was acquired by

Macromedia and released as Flash, contracting "Future" and "Splash" Adobe Labs (previously

called Macromedia Labs) is a source for news and pre-release versions of emerging products and

technologies from Adobe. Most innovations, such as Flash 10,Flex 3, and ActionScript 3.0 have

all been discussed and/or trialled on the site.

One area Adobe is focusing on (as of February 2009) is the deployment ofRich Internet

Applications(RIAs). To this end, they releasedAdobe Integrated Runtime (AIR), across-

platformruntime environment which can be used to build, using Adobe Flash, rich Internet

applications that can be deployed as a desktop application. It surpassed 100 million installations

worldwide in February 2009. This is mainly because it is installed silently when Acrobat Reader

is installed. Many users are unaware of its residence on their system.

Two additional components designed for large-scale implementation have been proposed by

Adobe for future releases of Flash: first, the option to require an ad to be played in full before themain video piece is played; and second, the integration ofdigital rights management(DRM)

capabilities. This way Adobe can give companies the option to link an advertisement with

content and make sure that both are played and remain unchanged.[5]The current status of these

two projects is unclear.[dated info]

Flash Player for smart phones is available to handset manufacturers at the end of 2009.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macromediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macromediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Systemshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PenPoint_OShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Gayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_Beach_Softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_graphicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_animationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Shockwavehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FutureSplash_Animatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsofthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MSNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macromedia_Flexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macromedia_Flexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rich_Internet_Applicationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rich_Internet_Applicationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rich_Internet_Applicationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Integrated_Runtimehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-platformhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-platformhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-platformhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runtime_environmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runtime_environmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_rights_managementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_rights_managementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash#cite_note-BBCVideoControl-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash#cite_note-BBCVideoControl-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Adobe_Flash#obsoletehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Adobe_Flash#obsoletehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Adobe_Flash#obsoletehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macromediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Systemshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PenPoint_OShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Gayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_Beach_Softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_graphicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_animationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Shockwavehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FutureSplash_Animatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsofthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MSNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macromedia_Flexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rich_Internet_Applicationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rich_Internet_Applicationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Integrated_Runtimehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-platformhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-platformhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runtime_environmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_rights_managementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash#cite_note-BBCVideoControl-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Adobe_Flash#obsolete

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Open Screen ProjectOn May 1, 2008 Adobe announced Open Screen Project, which hopes to provide a consistent

application interface across devices such aspersonal computers, mobile devicesandconsumer

electronics. When the project was announced, several goals were outlined: the abolition of

licensing fees for Adobe Flash Player andAdobe Integrated Runtime, the removal of restrictions

on the use of the Shockwave Flash (SWF) and Flash Video (FLV)file format, the publishing

ofapplication programming interfacesfor porting Flash to new devices and the publishing of

The Flash Cast protocol and Action Message Format (AMF), which let Flash applications

receive information from remote databases.

As of February 2009, the specifications removing the restrictions on the use of SWF and

FLV/F4V specs have been published. The Flash Cast protocolnow known as the Mobile

Content Delivery Protocoland AMF protocols have also been made available, with AMF

available as an open source implementation,BlazeDS. Work on the device porting layers is in

the early stages. Adobe intends to remove the licensing fees for Flash Player and Adobe AIR for

devices at their release for the Open Screen Project.

The list of mobile device providers who have joined the project includesPalm, Motorola and

Nokia, who, together with Adobe, have announced a $10 million Open Screen Project fund.

Format

Flash files are in the SWF format, traditionally called "ShockWave Flash" movies, "Flash

movies," or "Flash games", usually have a .swffile extension, and may be used in the form of a

Web-page plug-in, strictly "played" in a standalone Flash Player, or incorporated into a self-

executing Projector movie (with the .exe extension inMicrosoft Windows). FlashVideo files have a .flv file extension and are either used from within .swffiles or played through

a flv-aware player, such as VLC, orQuickTime and Windows Media Playerwith

external codecsadded.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_devicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_devicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_electronicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_electronicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_electronicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Integrated_Runtimehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Integrated_Runtimehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Shockwavehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_formathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_formathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_Programming_Interfacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_Programming_Interfacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlazeDShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlazeDShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlazeDShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm,_Inc.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm,_Inc.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm,_Inc.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWFhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_extensionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standalonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_Videohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_Videohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VLC_media_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VLC_media_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QuickTimehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Media_Playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codechttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_devicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_electronicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_electronicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Integrated_Runtimehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Shockwavehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_formathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_Programming_Interfacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlazeDShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm,_Inc.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWFhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_extensionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standalonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_Videohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_Videohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VLC_media_playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QuickTimehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Media_Playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codec

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The use of vector graphics combined with program code allows Flash files to be smaller and

thus for streams to use lessbandwidth than the corresponding bitmaps or video clips. For

content in a single format (such as just text, video, or audio), other alternatives may provide

better performance and consume less CPUpower than the corresponding Flash movie, for

example when using transparency or making large screen updates such as photographic or text

fades.

In addition to a vector-rendering engine, the Flash Player includes a virtual machine called the

ActionScript Virtual Machine (AVM) for scripting interactivity at run-time, support for video,

MP3-based audio, and bitmap graphics. As of Flash Player 8, it offers two video codecs:On2

TechnologiesVP6 andSorenson Spark, and run-time support forJPEG, Progressive JPEG,PNG,

andGIF. In the next version, Flash is slated to use ajust-in-time compiler for the ActionScript

engine.

Flash Player is a browser plugin, and cannot run within a usual e-mail client, such as Outlook.

Instead, a link must open a browser window. AGmail labs feature allows playback of YouTube

videos linked in emails.

Flash Video

Until the advent ofHTML5, displaying video on a web page required browser plugins, which are

uniquely implemented by third party vendors. Virtually all browser plugins for video arefreeand

cross-platform, including Adobe's offering of Flash Video, which was first introduced with Flash

version 6. Flash Video has been a popular choice for websites due to the large installed user

baseand programmability of Flash. In 2010, Apple haspublicly criticized Adobe's

implementation of Flash Video playback for not taking advantage of hardware acceleration, as

well as criticizing Flash technology in general which has been cited as reason for not

implementing Apple's mobile devices. Soon after Apple's criticism, Adobe demoed and released

a beta version of Flash 10.1, which takes advantage of hardware acceleration even on a Mac.

Flash Audio

Flash Audio is most commonly encoded in MP3or AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) however it

does also support ADPCM, Nellymoser (Nellymoser Asao Codec) and Speex audio codecs.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandwidth_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_processing_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_processing_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On2_Technologieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On2_Technologieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VP6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorenson_codechttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorenson_codechttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Network_Graphicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Network_Graphicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_Interchange_Formathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_Interchange_Formathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Just-in-time_compilationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Outlookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gmailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gmailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gratis#Softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gratis#Softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gratis#Softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash#Installed_user_basehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash#Installed_user_basehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash#Installed_user_basehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash#Criticismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash#Criticismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MP3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MP3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Codinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADPCMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nellymoser_Asao_Codechttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandwidth_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_processing_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On2_Technologieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On2_Technologieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VP6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorenson_codechttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Network_Graphicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_Interchange_Formathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Just-in-time_compilationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Outlookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gmailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gratis#Softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash#Installed_user_basehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash#Installed_user_basehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Flash#Criticismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MP3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Codinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADPCMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nellymoser_Asao_Codechttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speex

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Flash allows sample rates of 11, 22 and 44.1 kHz. It does not support 48 kHz audio sample rate

which is the standard Tv, DVD sample rate.

On August 20, 2007, Adobe announced on its blog that with Update 3 of Flash Player 9, Flash

Video will also support some parts of theMPEG-4 international standards. Specifically, FlashPlayer will have support for video compressed inH.264(MPEG-4 Part 10), audio compressed

using AAC (MPEG-4 Part 3), the F4V, MP4 (MPEG-4 Part 14), M4V,

M4A,3GP and MOV multimedia container formats, 3GPPTimed Text specification (MPEG-4

Part 17) which is a standardized subtitle format and partial parsing support for the 'ilst' atom

which is theID3 equivalent iTunesuses to storemetadata. MPEG-4 Part 2 and H.263 will not be

supported in F4V file format. Adobe also announced that they will be gradually moving away

from the FLV format to the standard ISO base media file format (MPEG-4 Part 12) owing to

functional limits with the FLV structure when streaming H.264. The final release of the Flash

Player supporting some parts of MPEG-4 standards had become available in Fall 2007.

Adobe Flash Player 10.1 does not support acoustic echo cancellation, unlike the VoIP offerings

of Skype and Google Voice. This makes Flash less suitable for group calling or meetings, as use

of headphones for all participants is essential, or at least highly advised.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.264http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.264http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.264http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Codinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MP4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3GPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3GPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MOVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Container_format_(digital)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3GPPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timed_Texthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ID3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ITuneshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ITuneshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadatahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadatahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.263http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.264http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Codinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MP4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3GPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MOVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Container_format_(digital)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3GPPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timed_Texthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ID3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ITuneshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadatahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.263http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_12

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Adobe Flash Professional

Adobe Flash Professional

Adobe Flash CS5 Professional (11.0.2.489)

Developer(s) Adobe Systems (formerly byMacromedia)

Written in C++

Operating system Microsoft Windows andMac OS X

Type Multimedia

License ProprietaryEULA

Website Adobe Flash Professional Homepage

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_developerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Systemshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macromediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%2B%2Bhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_Xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_Xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_software_categorieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_licensehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proprietary_softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EULAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EULAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Websitehttp://www.adobe.com/products/flash/flashpro/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Adobe_Flash_CS5.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flash_icon.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_developerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Systemshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macromediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%2B%2Bhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_Xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_software_categorieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_licensehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proprietary_softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EULAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Websitehttp://www.adobe.com/products/flash/flashpro/

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The Adobe Flash Professional multimedia authoring program is used to create content for theAdobe

Engagement Platform, such as web applications, games and movies, and content for mobile phones and

other embedded devices.

ABOUT ACTION SCRIPT

The ActionScript 3.0 Language Reference is a reference manual for the application programming

interfaces (APIs) for Flash Player and Adobe AIR.

This version includes new ActionScript classes, methods, and properties that support the AdobeAIR runtime environment. Where possible, new AIR-specific items have been indicated by this

small icon next to their names:

This manual provides information on the syntax and usage of supported elements in the

ActionScript language. It includes the following sections:

Language elements, such as globals, operators, statements, keywords, directives, and

special types Packages

Alphabetical entries for class elements

An index containing all entries

An appendix that compares some key language and API changes from ActionScript 2.0 to

ActionScript 3.0

An appendix that describes the SQL syntax for use with local databases in AIR 1.0

Appendixes of errors and warnings with annotations

This reference is available in several forms, including the Help Panel within your authoring tool,

andLiveDocs. It is intended to be used with other instructional media, such as the Programming

ActionScript 3.0 guide, and resources on the Adobe website, such as theActionScript Topic

Center.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Engagement_Platformhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Engagement_Platformhttp://livedocs.adobe.com/http://livedocs.adobe.com/http://www.adobe.com/devnet/actionscript/http://www.adobe.com/devnet/actionscript/http://www.adobe.com/devnet/actionscript/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Engagement_Platformhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Engagement_Platformhttp://livedocs.adobe.com/http://www.adobe.com/devnet/actionscript/http://www.adobe.com/devnet/actionscript/

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SAMPLE CODES

Action tag

stop();

this.onEnterFrame = function ()

{

if (this.getBytesTotal()

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if (i >= 10)

{

return;

}

var mc = eval("mc" + i);

if (i

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ActionScript for game.swf

import stm.mprojector.mWindow;

// define function

function messageReceiver (message: String):void {

message.text = message;

};

// register messageReceiver as callable by other windows.

mWindow.addCallback("messageReceiver", messageReceiver);

// ActionScript in parent.swf

PlayerWindow = mApplication.createWindow( "Player.swf ", 50, 50, "PLAYER

", "PLAYER ", "STANDARD ",

160000, true, 100, true, true, " ");

if (PlayerWindow != null) {

mApplication.trace( "PlayerWindow: " + PlayerWindow.toString());

PlayerWindow.messageReceiver( "hello from parent ");

}

};

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ActionScript in Player.swf

mWindow.messageReceiver = function (message: String):void {

message.text = message;

};

// ActionScript in parent.swf

PlayerWindow = mApplication.createWindow( "Player.swf ", 50, 50, "PLAYER

", "PLAYER ", "STANDARD ",

160000, true, 100, true, true, " ");

if (PlayerWindow != null) {

mApplication.trace( "PlayerWindow: " + PlayerWindow.toString());

PlayerWindow.messageReceiver( "hello from parent ");

}

};

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CODE FOR EVENT LISTENER

import stm.mprojector.mWindow;

import stm.mprojector.mWindowEvent;

function windowEventHandler(e:mWindowEvent):void {

switch (e.type) {

case mWindowEvent.ACTIVATE ://doSomethingCoolToMakeWindowStatesDistinct

("ACTIVE");

break;

case mWindowEvent.DOCUMENT_COMPLETE :

//if (!e.error)

// doSomethingWithDocumentURL (e.documentURL);

break;

case mWindowEvent.DRAG_FILES :

//doSomethingWithFiles (e.files);

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break;

case mWindowEvent.DROP_FILES :

//doSomethingWithFiles (e.files);

break;

case mWindowEvent.MAXIMIZED :

//doSomethingMaximized ();

break;

case mWindowEvent.MINIMIZED :

//doSomethingMinimized ();

break;

case mWindowEvent.RESTORED :

//doSomethingRestored ();

break;

case mWindowEvent.SCROLL_WHEEL ://doSomethingScrollWheelie (e.scrollDelta));

break;

default:

break;

}

}

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// == initialize listeners ====

function initListeners():void {

// window events

mWindow.addEventListener(mWindowEvent.ACTIVATE,

windowEventHandler);

mWindow.addEventListener(mWindowEvent.DEACTIVATE,

windowEventHandler);

mWindow.addEventListener(mWindowEvent.MAXIMIZED,windowEventHandler);

mWindow.addEventListener(mWindowEvent.MINIMIZED,

windowEventHandler);

mWindow.addEventListener(mWindowEvent.RESTORED,

windowEventHandler);

mWindow.addEventListener(mWindowEvent.SCROLL_WHEEL,

windowEventHandler);

}

Also

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mWindowEvent.ACTIVATE, mWindowEvent.DOCUMENT_COMPLETE,

mWindowEvent.DRAG_FILES, mWindowEvent.DROP_FILES,

mWindowEvent.MAXIMIZED, mWindowEvent.MINIMIZED,

mWindowEvent.RESTORED, mWindowEvent.SCROLL_WHEEL

FLASH TASKBAR BUTTON

This example flashes the Windows taskbar button or bounces

import stm.mprojector.mApplication;

function alertUser () {

if (mSystem.isMac()) {

mApplication.bounceDockIcon(true);

} else {

mApplication.flashTaskBarButton(true);

}

}

function alertUser () {

if (mSystem.isMac()) {

mApplication.bounceDockIcon(true);

} else {

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mApplication.flashTaskBarButton(true);

}

}

TO QUIT

The following example quits the application when a button is released.

import stm.mprojector.mApplication;

function quit_btn_click(e:Event):void {

mApplication.quit();

}quit_btn.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, quit_btn_click);

ActionScript 2.0 Example:

The following example quits the application when a button is released.

quit_btn.onPress = function ()

{

mApplication.quit();

}

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TO GET ARGUMENTS

import stm.mprojector.mApplication;

var Args = mApplication.getArguments();

for (var i=0; Args[i]; i++)

{

trace(Args[i]);

}ActionScript 2.0 Example:

The following example returns the command line arguments.

var Args = mApplication.getArguments();

for (var i=0; Args[i]; i++)

{

trace(Args[i]);

}

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TO SHOW MOUSE

This example hides the mouse.This can be useful when resizing the window.

import stm.mprojector.mApplication;

mApplication.showMouse(false);

TO ACTIVATE

import stm.mprojector.mApplication;

import stm.mprojector.mApplicationEvent;

function applicationEventHandler(event:mApplicationEvent):void {

switch (event.type) {

case mApplicationEvent.ACTIVATE :

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// do something here to draw the window as active, make is animate

maybe.

case mApplicationEvent.DEACTIVATE :

// do something here to draw the window as in-active, gray it outmaybe.

}

}

function initListeners():void {

mApplication.addEventListener(mApplicationEvent.ACTIVATE,

applicationEventHandler);

mApplication.addEventListener(mApplicationEvent.DEACTIVATE,

applicationEventHandler);

}

initListeners();

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CHAPTER 5

PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT

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5.1 SCREEN DESIGNING

1. Open flash click new flash document.

2. Open the page properties if its not already opened which it should be

Window/Properties/Properties

3. Change the size of the canvas to 800, 600.

4. Click on the background button and change it to #333333

5. After you have done this click the square tool

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6. The color of the square should be white so click on the paint bucket tool and choose the color

white. The stroke should also be off.. This is what it looks like. The stroke tool is right in top of

the paint bucket.

7. Drag and make a square any size we would change that manually in a moment.

8. Now change the width, height, x, and y positioning (change the width to 650, the height to

469.2, the x positioning to 398.1, and the y positioning to 299.3.) to change this dimensions is all

in the page properties. You have to click on the square and with it selected you can start making

this change.

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9. With the square still selected now make it into a symbol to do this press (F8) a screen will

come up what will ask you to name it. Name it Background Symbol. Make sure the movie clip

button is clicked.

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10. make a new layer to do tis click on the insert layer button.

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11. Select the new layer and click on the square tool again and make another square with the

stroke off and the color instead of white make it black. This time with this dimensions.( width:

632.4, height: 450.4, x positioning: 81.6, and y positioning:73.3)

12. Make the new square into a symbol by pressing (F8) and name it masked symbol.

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13. After you have made it into a symbol double click into the square this will take you inside the

symbol and a new time line. This is just like the time line you were in but now you are inside of

a symbol. Make a new layer just like you did it before by click in on the insert layer button. all

the art work is in the bottom layer as of right now you can tell because of the little black dot

under and on the top layer there is a white dot. The white dot means there is no art work on this

layer.

14. Now click and hold down on Layer 1 and with it still clicked drag it in top of Layer 2.

Remember that all this is happening inside that symbol we made called masked symbol.

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16. Right click on Layer 1 and then select Mask

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17. When you do this both layers are going to be locked you can tell because now the have alittle lock next to them. Click on the bottom lock to take it off.

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18. Select Layer 2 find an image you like and now we are going to place in there. the way youdo this is you go File/Import/Import to stage. Then a search window is going to come up and youfind where your picture is and double click and it will be placed on the stage.

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Literature Review

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Tennis is a sport usually played between two players (singles) or between two teams of two

players each (doubles). Each player uses a racquet that is strung to strike a hollow

rubberball covered with felt over a net into the opponent's court.

The modern game of tennis originated in the United Kingdom in the late 19th century as "lawn

tennis" which has heavy connections to various field/lawn games as well as to the ancient game

ofreal tennis. After its creation, tennis spread throughout the upper-class English-speaking

population before spreading around the world.[1]Tennis is an Olympic sport and is played at all

levels of society at all ages. The sport can be played by anyone who can hold a racket, including

people in wheelchairs.

The rules of tennis have not changed much since the 1890s. Two exceptions are that from 1908

to 1960 the server had to keep one foot on the ground at all times, and then the adoption of

the tie-breakin the 1970s. A recent addition to professional tennis has been the adoption of

electronic review technology coupled with a point challenge system, which allows a player to

challenge the line (or chair) umpire's call of a point. Players have unlimited opportunity to

challenge, but once three incorrect challenges are made in a set, they cannot challenge again until

the next set. If the set goes to a tie break, players are given one additional opportunity to

challenge the call. This electronic review, currently called Hawk-Eye, is available at a limited

number of high-level ATP and WTA tournaments.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Types_of_tennis_matchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Types_of_tennis_matchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racquethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennis_ballhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennis_courthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_tennishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennis#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennis#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympic_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheelchair_tennishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennis_score#Scoring_a_tiebreak_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawk-Eyehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Types_of_tennis_matchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Types_of_tennis_matchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racquethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennis_ballhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennis_courthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_tennishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennis#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympic_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheelchair_tennishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennis_score#Scoring_a_tiebreak_gamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawk-Eye

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BIBLOGRAPHY

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WEB REFERENCES

1. http://www.adobe.com/support/flash/action_scripts/actionscript_dictionary/

2. http://www.adobe.com/support/documentation/en/flash/

3. http://www.adobe.com/support/documentation/en/flash/

http://www.adobe.com/support/flash/action_scripts/actionscript_dictionary/http://www.adobe.com/support/documentation/en/flash/http://www.adobe.com/support/documentation/en/flash/http://www.adobe.com/support/flash/action_scripts/actionscript_dictionary/http://www.adobe.com/support/documentation/en/flash/http://www.adobe.com/support/documentation/en/flash/

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List Of Figures

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1.Overall structure

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2.Ball

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3.Ball track