Colonial LifeColonial Life

Political Life in the ColoniesPolitical Life in the Colonies

Colonial SystemColonial SystemWhat was the purpose of What was the purpose of

the colonies for Britain? the colonies for Britain? MercantilismMercantilism –nation’s –nation’s power related to its power related to its wealth (economic wealth (economic subordination of colonies subordination of colonies to mother country)to mother country)

Colonial SystemColonial System

Balance of TradeBalance of Trade – amount – amount of goods sold compared to of goods sold compared to amount bought amount bought

(favorable balance means (favorable balance means selling more than buying)selling more than buying)

Why do you Why do you think think colonies colonies were upset were upset about about mercantilismmercantilism? ?

How it WorkedHow it Worked

Britain needed raw Britain needed raw materials from coloniesmaterials from colonies

They would produce They would produce goodsgoods

Goods would be sold to Goods would be sold to other nations (including other nations (including colonies)colonies)

Navigation Acts - 1651Navigation Acts - 1651

Colonists’ pursuit of foreign Colonists’ pursuit of foreign markets a threat markets a threat

Laws restricting colonial Laws restricting colonial trade passed by Parliamenttrade passed by Parliament

Made colonies Made colonies subordinate subordinate

This explosion in smuggling didn’t sit well with England,

especially with King Charles II.

Navigation Acts - 1651Navigation Acts - 1651

Good for England (Jobs Good for England (Jobs for dockworkers, taxes)for dockworkers, taxes)

Good for the Colonies Good for the Colonies (colonial shipbuilding)(colonial shipbuilding)

1684 – Crackdown in 1684 – Crackdown in MassachusettsMassachusetts

Merchants smuggled Merchants smuggled goodsgoods

Puritans said charter Puritans said charter didn’t require them to didn’t require them to obey Parliamentobey Parliament

Charter was revokedCharter was revoked

Dominion of New Dominion of New EnglandEngland

King James King James created created D.O.N.E. - D.O.N.E. - Southern ME to Southern ME to NJ under British NJ under British rulerule

Sir Edmund Sir Edmund Andros Andros governor, governor, disliked disliked colonistscolonists

Andros’ Policies:Andros’ Policies: Questioned Questioned

lawfulness of lawfulness of Puritan religionPuritan religion

Levied taxesLevied taxes Restricted Restricted

assembliesassemblies Prosecuted Prosecuted

smugglerssmugglers

The Glorious Revolution - The Glorious Revolution - 16881688

English didn’t like King English didn’t like King James because he was James because he was Catholic, didn’t respect Catholic, didn’t respect ParliamentParliament

Parliament invited William of Parliament invited William of Orange of Holland & his wife Orange of Holland & his wife Mary – James’ daughter – to Mary – James’ daughter – to take the throne, King fledtake the throne, King fled

1689 – Parliament 1689 – Parliament established its power over established its power over monarchymonarchy

Colonists arrested Andros Colonists arrested Andros & his advisors& his advisors

1691 - charter restored1691 - charter restoredKing appoints governor, King appoints governor, religious toleration, non- religious toleration, non- Puritan reps in assemblyPuritan reps in assembly

Navigation Acts Navigation Acts StrengthenedStrengthened

Smuggling trials moved to Smuggling trials moved to English courtsEnglish courts

Created Board of Trade to Created Board of Trade to monitor colonial trade monitor colonial trade

Relaxed enforcement of Relaxed enforcement of most restrictions in return most restrictions in return for loyaltyfor loyalty

Taste for Self GovernmentTaste for Self Government Colonists had elected local Colonists had elected local

assembliesassemblies Governors not that powerfulGovernors not that powerful Could appoint & dismiss judges, Could appoint & dismiss judges,

disband assembly, oversee trade disband assembly, oversee trade but assembly paid their salarybut assembly paid their salary

Enter into period of “salutary Enter into period of “salutary neglect” – loosen control in neglect” – loosen control in return for loyaltyreturn for loyalty