colonialism and empire in india and china
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Colonialism and Empire in India and China. By:- Arnaut , Cristina Hussain , Nazia Pant, Suryansh Pivovarova , Darima Popa , Vlad Zhang, Mengyuan Zhang, Xiang. Portugal. Flag and Coat of Arms. Vasco da Gama. Battle of Diu (1509). Trade In Spices. Portuguese Indian Coin 1799. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Colonialism and Empire in India and China
By:- Arnaut, CristinaHussain, NaziaPant, SuryanshPivovarova, DarimaPopa, VladZhang, MengyuanZhang, Xiang
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Battle of Diu (1509)
Trade In Spices Portuguese Indian Coin 1799
Flag and Coat of Arms
Portugal
Vasco da Gama
Settlements
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Henry IV
Settlements
French East India Company 1664
Flag and Coat of Arms
France
Fishing Boats on Coast
Gold Coins for Trade
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Queen Elizabeth I
Cotton Indigo Salt
OpiumTeaSilkSaltpetre
Boats arriving in Calcutta
Flag and Star of India
British East India Company
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Racism
"You're superior to them, anyway. Don't forget that. You're superior to everyone in India except one or two of the Ranis, and they're on an equality.“
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Company rule in India
• Battle of Plassey- 1757– French were no longer a significant
force in Bengal.– Expanding English Empire in Asia.– Nawabs became puppet rulers.• Battle of Buxar-1764– Diwani rights
(collect and manage the revenues of almost 400,000 km2 of real estate)
– Rule of the East India Company in one-eighth of India
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Anglo-Mysore Wars (1766-1799)– defeat of Tipu Sultan – Indirect control of Myssore
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Anglo-Maratha Wars (1775-1818)control of the majority of present-day India south of the Sutley River
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Anglo-Sikh Wars (1845-1849)– subjugation of the Sikh Empire– Annexation of Punjab
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“Com
pany
Col
onia
lism
”Global Economic
System (Specialization)
Technological upgrade
Trade flows
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Company Rule in India (1757-1857)
• Mughal system: collection of taxes on land crops. Diwani was collected from peasants and zamindars on behalf of the Mughal emperor.
• East Indian Company was the one to claim the taxes after the Battle of Buxar.
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Technology• After 1837, post offices were established in
main towns under the rule of British Indian Company.
• 1851 – first telegraph line laid in India, reaching by 1857 almost 7500 km.
• Railway construction began only in 1849.• Bombay, Madras and Calcutta sheltered most
of the “East Indiamen”.
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Trade• Between 1760-1860, India became from
an exporter of processed goods to an exporter of raw materials and an importer of manufactured goods.
• U.S. played an important role in the demand for cloth from India!
• India became the main exporter of opium that would later be sent to China.
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Rebellion1857
British system of governance in India 1858
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Colonial government tried to expand their influence through the legal modernization
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Economy
Economy grew with 1 % each year, but population also grew with 1 % each year -> no long-term change in per-capita income
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Conclusion• The evidence of the influence of the British Raj
is still present in India. English remains one of the main official languages. Moreover, India is one of the largest English-speaking countries in the world. The positive aspect is that the colonial era gave rise to the aspirations towards democracy that are now integral to the life of the subcontinent's population.
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References Bentley, J. (2006). Traditions Encounters. A Global Perspective On The Past.
McGraw Hill: New York. Darwin, J. (2008). After Tamerlane. The Global History of Empire since 1405. New
York: Bloomsbury Press. Metcalf, Barbara Daly; Metcalf, Thomas R. (2006). A concise history of modern
India. Cambridge University Press Peers, Douglas M. (2006). India under colonial rule: 1700-1885. Pearson Education Robb, Peter (2004). A History of India (Palgrave Essential Histories),. Houndmills,
Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. Pp. xiv, 344 Mill, James; Wilson, Horace (1845). The History of British India Bulliet R., Crossley P. (2000) The Earth and Its People’s: A Global History. Houghton
Mifflin Company. Boston, NY. Roberts, J. (1993) History of the World, Oxford University Press. NY.
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Discussion Questions• What tactics did the British Empire use to
colonize India?