color fastness of dyed goods

School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Southeast University

Submitted to : Dr. Zulhas Uddin Color fastness of dye goods. 1

Prepared By : Mazadul Hasan sheshirID: 201000040000813th Batch (session 2009-2013)Department : Wet Processing Technology Email: [email protected] : www. Textilelab.blogspot.com (visit)

Southeast University Department Of Textile Engineering

I/A 251,252 Tejgaon Dhaka Bangladesh

Prepared By :

Total Textile Process at a Glance



Introduction• The stability of color or its fastness is one of the most important requirements

of valuable customers. Colour fastness of a dyed goods means the resistance power of a dyed goods against any hazards.

• The color textiles show different resistance power to different agencies such as light, wash, rubbing, perspiration, water, bleach, acid, alkali etc.

• There are many types of testing of color fastness. But in the industry the fastness test is done according to the buyer requirement.




Major Color Fastness Testes Colorfastness to Washing

Colorfastness to Crocking / Rubbing

Colorfastness to Perspiration

Colorfastness to Hot Pressing

Colorfastness to Dry Cleaning

Colorfastness to Light




• Colorfastness to Washing is a method for determining the resistance of the colour of textiles from all kinds of wash in water with soap and detergent. There are different test methods to check the color fastness to washing which is standardized by ISO.

Test Temp.( ° C) Time (mints) Steel balls Chemicals

ISO-105-CO1 40 30 0 Soap(5 g/l)

ISO-105-CO2 50 45 0 Soap(5 g/l)

ISO-105-CO3 60 30 0 Soap(5g/l) +soda ( 2 g/l)



Color Fastness To Wash



Test Procedure (Color fastness to wash)

APPARATUS AND MATERIALS: Gyro wash m/c (Wash-wheel & Stainless steel container)

Stainless steel ball(diameter =0.6cm,wt. =1mg)

Multi-fiber fabric

Thermometer (0-100) ° C

Sewing m/c

Dryer

ISO type grey scale for changing shade

ISO type grey scale for staining

Color matching cabinet (light box).




Sample Preparation:

If the textile to be tested in fabric: Cut the sample fabric 10cm ×4 cm and make sure all colors are included (if necessary use additional specimens) in it. Sew it along all four edges with the same size of multi fiber fabric. This is the composite test specimen.

If the textile to be tested is yarn or loose fiber: Take a mass of yarn or fiber approximately equal to ½ of the combined mass of the adjacent fabrics, then place between a 10cm ×4 cm piece of multi – fiber fabric and a piece of same size non dye able fabric and sew them along all four sides. This is the composite test specimen.

According to ISO RECOMMENDATION NO3 (ISO 105 C03): The composite specimen is treated in a wash wheel or an equivalent apparatus at 60 ± 2°C (140±3.6°F) for 30 mints using the color fastness test detergents 77(ISO Std soap) 5 g/l and 2 g/l soda ash to a given liquor ratio of 50:1.

• Finally we decreased the temperature and washed with cold water and dry them.




EVALUATION: Compare the contrast between the treated and untreated sample with

the changing grey scale and staining of color in the adjacent multi-fiber fabric with the staining grey scale.

This assessment is done in a color matching cabinet under standard lighting of D65 (Artificial day light).


Fig: Grey scale



Format of test Report


Description of test Test result

Color fastness to washingMethod followed: ISO-105-C03

GRADE

Color change in shade 3-4

Staining in Acetate 4

Staining in Cotton 4

Staining in Nylon 4

Staining in Polyester 4

Staining in Acrylic 4

Staining in Wool 4



Color Fastness To Rubbing




Equipment that needed for measurement:

• Crock Meter.

• Cotton Rubbing Cotton.

• Grey Scale

• Stop Watch

• Color Matching Cabinet.




Size of Fabric:


• You will need to have 14 Cm × 5 Cm pieces of textile fabric sample (one warp direction/ wale direction and other weft/ course direction).



• a) Lock the test specimen (textile sample) onto the base of the crock meter.b) Using the spinal clip, set 5 Cm × 5Cm of the white

cotton fabric to the finger of the crock meter.c) Lower the covered finger on the test sample.d) Turn hand crank at the rate of the one turn per second.e) Remove the white rubbing test cloth and e valuate

with grey scale.

Submitted to : Dr. Zulhas Uddin 14Color fastness of dye goods.

Test Procedure of Color Fastness To Rubbing:



Evaluation

•In this stage compare the contrast between the treated and untreated white rubbing cloth with grey scale and rated 1 to 5.




Color Fastness to light

• This test measures the resistance to fading of dyed textile when exposed to day-light.The test sample is exposed to light for a certain time(24 hrs, 36 hrs,48 hrs, 72 hrs, etc) or by customer demand and compare the change with original unexposed sample.The changes are assessed by Blue Scales (1-8).




Procedure

• The sample is cut and should be exposed (1/2 covered and 1/2 exposed) together with standard dyed wool samples (1-8).

• The standard and the specimen mounted in a frame.The composite sample must be protected from rain.




Evaluation:

• Evaluation is made numerically by European/American blue Scale (1-8).




Color Fastness to Perspiration:

Principle:• The garments which come into contact with the

body where perspiration is heavy may suffer serious local discoloration. This test is intended to determine the resistance of color of dyed textile to the action of acidic and alkaline perspiration.


•Principle: The garments which come into contact with the body where perspiration is heavy may suffer serious local discoloration. This test is intended to determine the resistance of color of dyed textile to the action of acidic and alkaline perspiration.



Equipment:

• Perspiration Tester• Oven, maintained at 372ºC temperature• Multifiber test fabric• Grey Scale• Color matching chamber• Acidic and Alkaline solution• Glass or Acrylic plate• Weight etc





Sample size: 10 cm * 4 cm

• Test Procedure:– Wet-out the composite test sample in mentioned alkaline or acidic

solution at room temperature. M:L ratio 1:50 and leave for 30 minutes.

– Pour off excess solution and place the composite sample between two glass plate or acrylic plate under a pressure of 4.5 Kg and place in an oven for 4 hours at 372ºC temperature.

– Remove the specimen and hang to dry in warm air not exceeding 60ºC.





Evaluation



Evaluation is done by Grey Scale in a color matching cabinet and rated from 1 to 5.



Colorfastness to Hot Pressing

Principle

Determination of the resistance of the color of dyed textiles to ironing and pressing on the hot cylinder




Apparatus and Materials:

a. Heating device that can put a pressure on the specimen of 4kpa.

b. A smooth asbestos sheet (3-6 mm thickness)

c. Wool flannel

d. A piece of undyed, bleached and mercerized cotton cloth

e. Grey scales

f. Standard color matching cabinet

g. Distilled water




Test specimen:

Cut 10cm x 4cm specimen from each fabric sample




Test Procedure:

i. Condition the sample in standard atmosphere of 21 1℃ and

65 2 ℃ RH before testing.

i. Then select the specified temperature as follow: 110 2 ℃,150 2 ℃, 200 2 ℃

ii. Dry pressing:

a. Place the dry specimen on top of the cotton cloth covering the wool flannel pad

b. Lower the top plate of the heating device and leave the test specimen for 15 sec at the recommended pressing

temperature




Damp Pressing

A.• Repeat iii (a) and soak to 100% pick-up of a piece of cotton

adjacent fabric in distilled water.

B.• Place the soaked cotton fabric on top of the dry test specimen

and repeat iii (b)




Wet Pressing

• a)

Soak the test specimen and a piece of cotton adjacent fabric in distilled water and squeeze it to maintain 100% pick up.

• b)

Place the wet test specimen on top of the dry cotton cloth covering the wool flannel pad and repeat iii (b)




Evaluation

• a)

Numerically rate the color change immediately after testing and again 4 hrs. in std atmosphere and std light using the Grey Scale(1-5)

• b)

Numerically rate the staining of the more heavily stained side of the cotton adjunct fabric under std light using Grey Scale (1-5)




Test Report

• i. Mention the testing temperature .• ii. Test condition (dry, damp, wet)• iii. Numerical rating after testing and after 4 hrs• iv. Report the numerical rating for the staining of

cotton adjacent fabric


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