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color-view

Measure what you see.

Operating Instructions

color-view™ Spectrophotometer User’s Guide

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Trademark Acknowledgements All terms mentioned in this User’s Guide which are known to be trademarks or service marks are listed below. In addition, terms suspected of being trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. BYK-Gardner USA cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a term in this User’s Guide should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark. color-view™ is a trademark of BYK-Gardner USA. Centronics® is a registered trademark of Centronics Data Corporation. Epson® is a registered trademark of Seiko Epson Corporation. IBM®, Personal Computer AT®, AT®, Personal System/2®, and PS/2® are registered trademarks and Operating System/2™, OS/2™, and Personal Computer XT™ are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation. Kimwipes® is a registered trademark of Kimberly-Clark Corporation. Microsoft® and MS-DOS® are registered trademarks and Windows™ is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation. Sparkleen® is a registered trademark of Fisher Scientific. 720-150-0011 January 2008


NOTICE

All efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of this manual. If any errors are detected, please notify BYK-Gardner USA. Reproduction of any part of this manual in any form without BYK-Gardner USA’s express written permission is prohibited.

The contents of this manual is subject to change without notice.

For further information or assistance contact:

BYK-Gardner USA Rivers Park II

9104 Guilford Road Columbia, Maryland 21046-2729

Tel.: 301-483-6500 or 800-343-7721 Fax: 301-483-6555 or 800-394-8215

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION........................................................................ 7

INSTALLATION....................................................................... 24

OPERATION/MAINTENANCE .............................................. 37

GLOSSARY ............................................................................... 63

INDEX ........................................................................................ 73

APPENDIX................................................................................. 83

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.1 OVERVIEW ............................................................. 11

1.2 SPECTROPHOTOMETER SPECIFICATIONS.. 11

1.2.1 Light Source.............................................................. 11

1.2.2 Lamp Life ................................................................. 12

1.2.3 Geometry .................................................................. 12

1.2.4 Sample Size Configuration ...................................... 14

1.2.5 Spectral Characteristics........................................... 15

1.2.6 Detector..................................................................... 15

1.2.7 Repeatability............................................................. 16

1.2.8 Reproducibility ......................................................... 16

1.2.9 Accuracy ................................................................... 17

1.3 INPUT/OUTPUT (I/O) ............................................ 17

1.4 HOST COMPUTER ................................................ 18

1.4.1 Host Computer Options ........................................... 18

1.4.2 Power Requirements ................................................ 18


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1.4.3 Environment ............................................................. 19

1.4.3.1 Operating Environment........................................... 19

1.4.3.2 Non-Operating (Storage) Environment .................. 20

1.5 CONFIGURATIONS............................................... 21

1.6 SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM ............................... 22

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1-1 Viewing Geometry.................................................... 13

Table 1-2 Sample Viewing Sizes............................................... 14

Table 1-3 Spectral Characteristics........................................... 15

Table 1-4 Power Requirements ................................................ 18

Table 1-5 Operating Environment........................................... 19

Table 1-6 Storage Environment ............................................... 20

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1-1 System Block Diagram............................................. 22


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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 OVERVIEW This chapter presents general information on the color-view™ spectrophotometer such as instrument specifications, details of the host computer, environment, interface, and power requirements. 1.2 SPECTROPHOTOMETER SPECIFICATIONS Specifications of the color-view™ spectrophotometer are presented in the following subsections. The spectrophotometer contains an optical sensor with a light source, polychromator, and detector. The optical sensor uses an internal light source. Details on the light source are given below. 1.2.1 Light Source The light source consists of a tungsten-halogen lamp operating at a correlated color temperature of approximately 2854°K. The operating lamp approximates CIE Standard Illuminant A.


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NOTE

Infrared heating of the sample is minimized by an infrared absorption filter

1.2.2 Lamp Life The life expectancy of the tungsten-halogen lamp is 8,000 hours (mean time between failure.) 1.2.3 Geometry The basic viewing geometry of the color-view™ spectrophotometer is described in Table 1-1.


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_______________________________________________

Table 1-1

Viewing Geometry _______________________________________________

Illumination: 45° circumferential

Viewing: 0°

Specular Component: Excluded

Gloss: *

* As an option the color-view™ Spectrophotometer

with Gloss incorporates a 60° glossmeter permitting

the simultaneous measurement of color and gloss.

_______________________________________________


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1.2.4 Sample Size Configuration Information on sample size configurations for color-view™ spectrophotometer is summarized in Table 1-2.

__________________________________________________

Table 1-2 Sample Viewing Sizes

_______________________________________________ Sample Size Comments 25 mm (1 in.) Large Area of View (LAV) with 32 mm (1.2 in.) Standard Sensor Aperture 9 mm (0.3 in.) Small Area of View (SAV) with 11 mm (0.4 in.) Small Area Option*

__________________________________________________

*May be purchased optionally.


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1.2.5 Spectral Characteristics Spectral characteristics of the color-view™ spectrophotometers are summarized in Table 1-3.

__________________________________________________

Table 1-3 Spectral Characteristics

_______________________________________________

Instrument Type: 35-channel 45°/0° Spectrophotometer

Spectral Range: 380 nm to 720 nm

Data Collection: 10 nm intervals

Band Pass: 10 nm

Polychromator: Concave Holographic Grating

__________________________________________________

1.2.6 Detector A solid state silicon diode array is used as a detector.


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NOTE

This value represents the average (x) standard deviation (1σ ) values of selected BCRA Tiles (pale gray, medium gray, deep gray, yellow, and deep blue) and a white opal standard.

NOTE

This value represents the average (x) standard deviation value (1σ ) of a calibrated set of BCRA Tiles.

1.2.7 Repeatability The repeatability of the colorimetric measurements is expressed in CIELAB units below:

<0.01 Units, ΔE

1.2.8 Reproducibility The reproducibility of the colorimetric measurements is expressed in CIELAB units below: <0.10 Units, ΔE


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NOTE

This value represents the average (x) standard deviation value (1σ ) of a calibrated set of BCRA Tiles.

1.2.9 Accuracy The accuracy of the colorimetric measurements is expressed in CIELAB units below: < 0.30 Units, ΔE

1.3 INPUT/OUTPUT (I/O) Input/Output (I/O) communications are provided via a RS-232C Serial port with automatic baud rate of the host computer over the range of 300-38.4K baud. The color-view™ spectrophotometer is designed to communicate with any computer which utilizes an industry standard RS-232C interface in the DTE (Data Terminal Equipment) configuration. An appropriate serial communications cable is required to interface with Windows/Intel® Personal Computers. The color-view™ spectrophotometer has an interface for a 25 pin male D connector (such a connector is provided for example on the male end of a DB25 “straight through” serial cable with a 25 pin female connector for connection to the COM port of the host computer.)


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1.4 HOST COMPUTER The color-view™ spectrophotometer requires a host computer and operating software. BYK-Gardner USA offers various Windows® based computers for use with the instrument sensor unit. Computer requirements are mainly dictated by the operating system software. The computer selected should have sufficient memory and disk space to support both the operating system and the BYK-Gardner software. See the software documentation for more information. 1.4.1 Host Computer Options The following host computer options are required:

• 1 Printer Port addressed as LPT1. • 1 Mouse. • 1 RS232 Port addressed as COM1.

1.4.2 Power Requirements The power requirements for the color-view™ Spectrophotometer system are summarized in Table 1-4. _______________________________________________________

Table 1-4

Power Requirements ___________________________________________________

Line Voltage: 100-240 V ~

Frequency: 50/60 Hz Power: 100 W Maximum _______________________________________________________


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NOTE

USE OF QUALITY SURGE PROTECTORS IS RECOMMENDED.

1.4.3 Environment Details on the environment are given in the following two subsections, which deal with the system operating and storage environments, respectively. 1.4.3.1 Operating Environment The operating environment of the color-view™ spectrophotometer is characterized in Table 1-5 below.

__________________________________________________

Table 1-5 Operating Environment

_______________________________________________

Temperature: 18° C to 35° C (65° F to 95° F)

Humidity: 5-85% Non-condensing

The environment also should be relatively free of dust and dirt, and aerosols.

__________________________________________________________


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1.4.3.2 Non-Operating (Storage) Environment Characteristics of the non-operating (storage) environment of the color-view™ instrument are given in Table 1-6.

____________________________________________

Table 1-6 Storage Environment

______________________________________

Temperature: (-18° C) to 66°C (0° F to 150° F)

Humidity: 5-85% Non-Condensing

____________________________________________


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1.5 CONFIGURATIONS The color-view™ Spectrophotometer is offered in the following standard configurations: Catalog # Comments CC-6503 color-view™ Spectrophotometer for 115V~ CC-6501 color-view™ Spectrophotometer for 230V~

CC-6504 color-view™ Spectrophotometer with Gloss for 115V~

CC-6502 color-view™ Spectrophotometer with Gloss for 230V~

Additional configurations and options and accessories are described in Chapter 3 and listed in the BYK-Gardner Instruments catalog.


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1.6 SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM Fig. 1-1 shows a representation interconnection block diagram of a generic color-view™ Spectrophotometer system (see Chapter 2 for actual cable connections.) Figure 1-1 System Block Diagram

Chapter 2 INSTALLATION

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CHAPTER 2

INSTALLATION


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

2.1 CHAPTER OVERVIEW......................................... 28

2.2 HARDWARE INSPECTION .................................. 29

2.2.1 External Inspection .................................................. 29

2.2.2 Internal Inspection ................................................... 30

2.3 Hardware Installation and Check-Out ................... 30

2.3.1 Preinstallation........................................................... 30

2.3.1.1 Location .................................................................... 30

2.3.1.2 Environment ............................................................. 31

2.3.2 Equipment Positioning............................................. 31

2.3.3 Hardware Installation.............................................. 32

2.3.3.1 Computer System ..................................................... 32

2.3.3.2 Printer ....................................................................... 32

2.3.3.3 Spectrophotometer Installation............................... 33

2.3.3.4 System Integration ................................................... 34


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CHAPTER 2 INSTALLATION

2.1 CHAPTER OVERVIEW This chapter provides procedures and directions for installing the color-view™ Spectrophotometer. The hardware system is composed of two major components: the Spectrophotometer and the Host Computer. These two components MUST BE properly installed and integrated to achieve accurate and reliable system operation. The Host Computer with its associated peripherals is not manufactured by BYK-Gardner USA. The Host Computer has its own installation and check-out procedures. For details on the Host Computer, see the documentation supplied by the manufacturer. The integration of the Spectrophotometer with the Host Computer – described in section 2.3.3.4 - - assumes that the Computer System has been properly installed and checked out.


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NOTE

The following considerations should always be taken into account when performing any physical system changes such as Installation, Reinstallation, or Configuration:

a. Never make or break electrical connections while power is applied. Making or breaking electrical connections, with power applied, can generate power transients which are harmful to internal circuit components.

b. Never make or break serial or parallel cable connections

while power is applied to the systems. Interface circuits are easily damaged under these conditions.

2.2 HARDWARE INSPECTION Inspect the hardware to verify the condition of the materials received. An external and internal inspection can be carried out as discussed in the following sections. 2.2.1 External Inspection An external visual inspection of the shipment is recommended prior to opening any of the containers. The following should be checked:

• All containers received per bill of lading • All containers free of obvious damage

If there is any visible damage, please immediately notify the Carrier or Shipper.


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2.2.2 Internal Inspection Each container should be inspected to determine damage to the contents and/or missing items. Damage to the contents should be brought to the attention of the Shipper. Damage and missing items should be brought to the attention of the authorized representative of BYK-Gardner USA, or the main sales office in Columbia, MD. 2.3 Hardware Installation and Check-Out The Installation section will be described in three subsections: Preinstallation, Equipment Positioning, and Equipment Installation. 2.3.1 Preinstallation Preinstallation is performed before you set up the equipment at your site. Equipment location and environment are discussed in the following sections. 2.3.1.1 Location Determine the desire location and positioning of each of the components associated with the color-view™ Spectrophotometer System. The sensor length and width dimensions are 38.1 cm and 27.3 cm (15 inches and 10 ¾ inches) respectively. The instrument can be set up with either side facing to the user (lengthwise or widthwise.) An area appropriately sized for the computer, printer (optional), keyboard and mouse (optional) is also needed. Additional storage areas will be required for the accessories and materials used with the system. The I/O port on the sensor is recessed into the back of the unit. Only 25 mm (1 inch) of bench space is required behind the sensor.


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2.3.1.2 Environment The environment is made up of ambient conditions at the site of the installed equipment (refer to Chapter 1, section 1.4.3.1 for details.) Locate and check the electrical outlets to determine proper quantity, applicability, and availability of power supplies. All power outlets should provide safety grounding in accordance with local codes.

• Use of a surge-protected Power Center with four electrical outlets plus two wall outlets is recommended.

• The power requirements are discussed in Chapter 1, section 1.4.2.

2.3.2 Equipment Positioning Place the components at the selected location and position them in such a way that they permit easy operation and provide adequate spacing for interconnections and power connections. All components should be positioned in such a manner that the interconnecting cables are not stressed. Suggested positioning of the equipment for operation with the operator facing the front panels of the equipment is: 1. The Sensor Unit is placed to the left of the Computer.

2. The Computer CPU is placed in the center with its Color Monitor placed on top. The Keyboard and Mouse are placed in front. In the case of a free standing CPU, the Color Monitor is placed on a flat surface with the Keyboard and Mouse in front.

3. The Printer, if present, is placed to the right of the

Computer.


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2.3.3. Hardware Installation The individual components of the color-view™ Spectrophotometer System are installed first before they are integrated. The system components must first be in a known proper operational state before integration is attempted. This avoids having to carry out time-consuming troubleshooting procedures. The tools required for installation are:

• Standard flat blade screwdriver • Phillips head screwdriver

2.3.3.1 Computer System The Computer System and its associated peripherals are installed and checked-out in accordance with the procedures detailed in their respective documentation. When the Computer System has been found to be in satisfactory operating condition, proceed to Section 2.3.3.2 for optional printer installation if a printer is included with your system. If no printer is included, proceed to Section 2.3.3.3. 2.3.3.2 Printer The optional printer unit is installed and checked-out in accordance with the procedures detailed in its documentation package. For proper operation with BYK-Gardner Quality Control software, the printer is connected to a parallel port of the host computer. The optional parallel printer cable is used to connect the printer to the host computer (see also section 2.3.3.4).


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2.3.3.3 Spectrophotometer Installation The Spectrophotometer is shipped from the factory in a “ready-to-run” condition. Only installation of the connecting cable and power cord is required. Power Cord Install the power cord into the rear panel receptacle (see Figure 3-2). Unit Check-Out To check-out the unit perform the following steps: 1 Insert the power cord plug into the wall receptacle of the

appropriate power source. 2 Switch the unit power ON/OFF switch, on the rear panel,

to the ON position.

3 Check green LED on instrument for power. Initially, the paddle covers the Sample Port. A small amount of illumination is seen around the sides of the paddle at the Sample Port and on the retroviewer screen. If this is not the case, check the power cable, the fuses, all external connections, including mains power, and Power switch. Take any necessary corrective action.

This concludes installation and check-out procedures for the color-view™ Spectrophotometer System.


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2.3.3.4 System Integration As the configurations of different computer systems vary, please follow the manufacturer’s instruction to properly set-up and configure the computer system. Color-view™ Installation Carry out the following steps to install the cables: 1. ALL unit power switches should be OFF and ALL power plugs

should be removed from the wall receptacles. 2. The host computer system components must be connected to

each other per the manufacturer’s instructions. 3. Communications Cabling

a. Connect the R-S232C (Serial) I/O cable (CI) with the COM (Serial) port of the Computer System Unit and the I/O port of the Spectrophotometer. The standard configuration color-view™ Spectrophotometer system is supplied with a DB25-9 pin male-female cable.


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NOTE

The I/O Port of the color-view™ Spectrophotometer is recessed into the back of the unit. This feature allows maximum utilization of bench space by requiring only 25 mm (1 inch) behind the sensor.

b. Depending on the computer system being used, a 25 pin

to 9 pin cable may be required. c. Secure the connectors with screws at both ends. 4. Power Up

a. Turn ON the Printer, Monitor and Computer CPU power ON/OFF switches.

b. Turn on the color-view™ Spectrophotometer with its

power switch.


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5. Sample Rotator Installation (optional) a. Turn off the color-view™.

b. Plug the free end of the Sample Rotator Power cable into the connector located above the RS-232 port on the rear panel of the color-view™ Spectrophotometer. Press the connector in the socket firmly until it clicks.

c. Remove the Sample Plate and Locator Plate.

d. Place the Sample Rotator on top of the color-view™ using

the 2 small pins to guide the Sample Rotator into the 2 matching holes in the top of the color-view™.

The system integration has now been completed.

Chapter 3 OPERATION/MAINTENANCE

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CHAPTER 3

OPERATION/MAINTENANCE


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

3.1 CHAPTER OVERVIEW......................................... 41

3.1.1 Basic System Operation ........................................... 42

3.1.2 Operation of the Spectrophotometer ...................... 42

3.2 HARDWARE ........................................................... 43

3.2.1 Spectrophotometer ................................................... 43

3.2.2 System Accessories ................................................... 48

3.2.3 Alternate System Configurations ............................ 49

3.3 OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND

PROCEDURES ........................................................ 50

3.3.1 Operating Constraints ............................................. 50

3.3.2 Dust and Contaminants ........................................... 50

3.3.3 Reflectance Measurements ...................................... 51

3.3.4 Gloss Measurements ................................................ 52

3.3.5 Changing Lens and Aperture (Small Area

Option) ...................................................................... 53

3.3.6 Using the Sample Rotator ........................................ 54

3.4 SYSTEM MAINTENANCE .................................... 55

3.4.1 Computer System ..................................................... 55

3.4.2 Spectrophotometer System ...................................... 55

3.4.3 Cleaning of Sensor.................................................... 55


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3.4.4 Fuse Replacement Procedures................................. 56

3.4.5 Lamp Replacement .................................................. 57

3.4.6 Service Procedures ................................................... 62

3.4.7 Service Contracts...................................................... 62

LIST OF FIGURES

Fig. 3-1 Perspective View of Sensor Unit with

Reflectance Port ...................................................... 45

Fig. 3-2 View of Sensor Rear Panel with Operator

Controls..................................................................... 47

Fig. 3-3 System Accessories for .........Standard configuration

Systems...................................................................... 49

Fig. 3-4 Lamp Replacement .................................................. 58


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CHAPTER 3 OPERATION/MAINTENANCE

3.1 CHAPTER OVERVIEW This chapter provides information on:

1 System Operation: An explanation of general

operational considerations for the system.

2 Hardware: An introduction to the

controls, indicators, and accessories of the system.

3 Procedures: Procedures performed by the

Operator to insure a reliable operating system.

4 System Maintenance: Steps the Operator can carry

out to maintain the system. No attempt has been made in this document to explain the Quality Control software operating procedures. Refer to the Software Help Menu for applications software information.


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3.1.1 Basic System Operation The basic color-view™ Spectrophotometer System is composed of a Spectrophotometer, Host Computer System, and Printer (see Figure 1-1 in Chapter 1). 3.1.2 Operation of the Spectrophotometer The basic operation of the spectrophotometer and its components (such as Polychromator, A/D Converter, Microcomputer, and I/O interface) is discussed in this section. Sample measurements are obtained with the Spectrophotometer in the same manner outlined below. The Sample is placed over the Aperture on the Sample Port. A tungsten-halogen lamp is used as the light source to provided illumination onto the Sample. This type of lamp is used because of its stability and continuous output over the visible spectrum. The light beam is projected through a fiberoptic cable and is applied circumferentially at an angel of 45° onto the specimen plane. A portion of the reflected light is collected at an angle of 0°, perpendicular to the material, and transmitted into the Polychromator. This collected portion is called the diffuse reflectance factor. The Polychromator contains an optical grating which reflects the sample light onto an array of detectors. The Detector Array detects the refracted light and converts it to analog electrical signals. The Analog/Digital (A/D) Converter converts the analog signals collected directly from the array into digital signals for further processing by the Microprocessor.


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The Microprocessor processes the digital signals with transfer to the Computer System via the Input/Output (I/O) Interface. The Microprocessor also receives operational commands from the Computer System via the I/O Interface. The function and operation of the computer system is described in the support documentation for your computer. 3.2 HARDWARE The Hardware section familiarizes the Operator with the subsystems used in the color-view™ systems: Spectrophotometer, Computer System, Printer and Accessories. 3.2.1 Spectrophotometer The color-view™ Sensor is shown schematically in Figure 3-2. Sensor Unit components include: 1. Reflectance Port (shown in Figure 3-1) 2. Internal Paddle; 3. Retroviewer; 4. Operator Controls (see Figure 3-2); and 5. Lamp Compartment (see Figure 3-4). Reflectance Port The Reflectance Port is the interface for materials which are to be sampled for Reflectance Measurements. The System is equipped with the Large Area Aperture (32 mm) and Optical Baffle as standard items. An optional Small Area (11mm) lens barrel and aperture can be purchased and mounted in place of the standard aperture, when smaller sample measurements are desired.


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Internal Paddle An automated internal calibration feature is implemented by use of an internal paddle mechanism, which is incorporated within the Sensor. Black and White Reference materials are mounted within the Sensor on the paddle assembly and are positioned in front of the Reflectance Port. The purpose of the internal calibration paddle is to minimize any instrumental drift caused by aging and/or laboratory conditions. The internal calibration is reset when you calibrate with the external standard (Puck). With each sample measurement you make, the internal standards are also read and corrections are made for any instrumental drifts that might have occurred.


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Figure 3-1 Perspective View of Sensor Unit with Reflectance Port During initial power up of the Spectrophotometer, the paddle will block the Reflectance Port so that the bright illumination from the Lamp will not be shining into the operator’s eyes. It will stay in this position until sampling is performed. The mechanism also controls the illumination time of specimens so that it is illuminated for the duration of the measurement cycle ( ~ 0.25 sec), and thus minimizes photochromic effects.


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Sample Viewer (Retroviewer) A sample viewer (retroviewer) is built into the four Standard Configuration color-view™ Spectrophotometers. The retroviewer feature allows viewing of the specimen area to be measured prior to measurement. It may be used with both the standard Large Area of View (LAV) and the optional Small Area of View (SAV) features. The retroviewer is helpful in aligning the area of specimens to be measured with the port aperture. To measure a sample:

1 Select the appropriate keys from the BYK-Gardner software that will move the paddle out of position (see Software Help Menu for details).

2 Look into the window mounted at the rounded corner of the instrument nearest to the Reflectance Port. You will see a projected image of the Sample area you are about to measure.

Operator Controls The Rear Panel of the Spectrophotometer Unit provides the mounting for the Power ON/OFF switch (Figure 3-2). This switch controls the application of AC power to the Spectrophotometer Unit.


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Figure 3-2 View of Sensor Rear Panel with Operator Controls Power Module The AC Power Module is located on the rear panel (see Figure 3-2). Note the location of the fuse drawer, power switch and power cord plug in the drawing. I/O Connector The I/O Connector on the rear panel of the Sensor Unit is a DB-25 female connector which is connected by a DB25 male/female serial cable connection to the RS-232C Serial interface on the Host Computer System (Figure 3-2). This feature is recessed to allow the sensor to be placed within 25 mm (1 inch) from any hard surface.


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Line Fuses The Line Fuses protect the Spectrophotometer System. They are located in the fuse drawer adjacent to the power switch (Figure 3-2). Use: 3.0 A Slo-Blow 3.2.2 System Accessories System accessories accompany every system produced by BYK-Gardner USA. To, accommodate individual needs, the color-view™ Spectrophotometer is available in a great variety of configurations. The system accessories for the four standard configurations are detailed in section 1.5. System accessories for Standard Configuration color-view™ Spectrophotometers include:

• User’s Guide • Accessory box • Calibration Standards Assembly (Puck) • Spare Lamp • Spare Fuses (2) • Serial Cable (25-9 pin M-F) • Power Cord • Checking standard

Options include:

• 25/25 pin cable • 25/9 pin cable • Small Area of View (SAV) Lens/Aperture • Sample Rotator


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Figure 3-3 System Accessories for Standard Configuration Systems 3.2.3 Alternate System Configurations Refer to the BYK-Gardner Instruments catalog for a complete description of other available accessories and options.


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3.3 OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND PROCEDURES This section explains the operational requirements and procedures for the color-view™ Spectrophotometer.

WARNING The following cautionary notes have been attached to the instruments. Failure to observe these notes, to give appropriate care and to use common sense in handling the instrument can invalidate the instrument warranty (Conditions of Sale are binding if any warranty question arises regarding the instrument). The manufacturer is not responsible for any damage caused to the instrument due to inattention to proper operating procedures, undue force, and/or lack of taking commonly known precautions against mechanical or electrical hazards. 3.3.1 Operating Constraints Care must be taken to ensure that the reflectance samples are in contact with the measurement port and motionless during the measurement sequence. 3.3.2 Dust and Contaminants Care should be taken to prevent dust and other contaminating materials from collecting inside the Sample Port. When the system is not in use the reflectance port should be covered.


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3.3.3 Reflectance Measurements Reflectance measurements can be carried out routinely with the color-view™ instruments. The instruments permit changing between the installed large area lens and the optional small area lens. Whenever the viewing geometry is changed, the instrument must be recalibrated using the system software. Please refer to the Software Help Menu for details which match the viewing configuration. For reflectance measurements, the appropriate Aperture and Lens must be in place in the proper position on the Sensor Unit and the corresponding geometric set up must be entered via the software. In the case of small or multicolored samples it may be necessary to utilize the Small Area lens barrel and Aperture in the Sensor. The Retroviewer allows positioning of a specimen so that it falls entirely within the Sample Viewing area. The calibration of the system and the corresponding quality of the measurement data obtained during sample measurement is dependent on: a) the Lens and Aperture installed correctly in the Sensor; and b) the external or internal standard tiles used during the calibration. The system must be turned on and the software loaded on to the host computer. The instrument must be initialized and calibrated (see Software Help Menu for details). Operate instrument only in the upright position (see Fig.3-2). The fiber optics and lamp filaments can move when changing positions and affect the measurements


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To take a measurement: Place a sample on reflectance port, with the face to be measured contacting and covering the port. Back the sample with a consistent material, if necessary, and select the appropriate keys for taking measurements. Backing is only required for non-opaque samples.

WARNING Extended operation with the Sensor not in the upright position will cause permanent damage to the electronics.

3.3.4 Gloss Measurements Gloss measurements are performed in a similar manner to standard reflectance measurements. Note the difference in the procedure listed below. To take a measurement: Place a sample on reflectance port with the glossy surface to be

measured contacting and covering the port (no backing is required for opaque samples).


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3.3.5 Changing Lens and Aperture (Small Area Option): The procedure for changing the Lens and Aperture on the instrument is as follows:

1 Remove the Aperture Plate from the top of the Sensor. Caution must be exercised so that this plate is not bent, or its surface scratched or damaged during this process. Its flat surface is critical to the measurement geometry.

2 Press the appropriate keys on host computer keyboard to

move the paddle out of the blocking position and permit access to the baffle/lens assembly. See Software Help Menu for details.

3 Remove the currently installed Lens by pulling straight

up. It is snap fitted into the socket.

4 Install the Lens to be used in the next series of measurements. Make sure it is fully seated by pressing it straight down.

5 Carefully install the corresponding Aperture Plate. Do

not bend or scratch the plate surface making sure that the tapered aperture side is down (facing the lens baffle).

6 Return the unused Lens and Aperture Plate to the

accessory case for safe storage.

7 Recalibrate the instrument.


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3.3.6 Using the Sample Rotator The Sample rotator is used with granular or powdered samples. These samples can be measured rapidly, with fewer resamples by virtue of the spinning cup. The cup center is offset from the center of the viewing port to allow more of the sample (and varying degrees of orientation) to be viewed.

1 Calibrate the color-view™ using the Glass Plate supplied with the Sample Rotator option.

2 Remove the Glass plate and install the Sample Rotator

aligning the 2 pin in the Sample Rotator with the 2 holes in the top of the instrument.

3 Fill the sample cup with the material to be measured.

Place the cup in the rotator and turn on the power switch. 4 Adjust the software (see software help menu) to take

multiple measurements at an interval that is appropriate for the sample being measured. (This may require some experimentation to achieve the optimum interval and number of averages for a particular material)

5 The Sample Cup may be removed and refilled without

turning off the power switch.


55

3.4 SYSTEM MAINTENANCE The purpose of the Operator Maintenance section is to describe the maintenance operations which can be performed by the User/Operator. 3.4.1 Computer System The Operator Maintenance for the Computer System will be described in the Operational Manuals for that computer system. 3.4.2 Spectrophotometer System The color-view™ Spectrophotometer requires very little operator maintenance. Those items requiring attention are limited to areas with external access such as lamp replacement and general external cleaning. 3.4.3 Cleaning of Sensor Large particles must be removed from the Spectrophotometer prior to cleaning. The cleaning operation involves the use of a damp cloth being applied to all external painted surfaces. A mild detergent or soap may be used for removing grime, e.g. a Sparkleen® solution, available from Fisher Scientific. The soap or detergent used should be free of dye, i.e. color. Scouring powders should never be used since they will permanently scratch painted or anodized surfaces.

1 Disconnect all power from Sensor (turn off Power switch and disconnect power cord from Sensor).

2 Clean painted surfaces with non-abrasive household

cleaner and dry with paper towel or soft cloth.


56

3 Specimen plane and aperture can be cleaned with any common industrial cleaning solvent (avoid contact of painted surface and interior of the sensor with solvent). Use of pressurized air is to be avoided as the inner components of the sensor can be damaged.

3.4.4 Fuse Replacement Procedures To replace the fuse:

1 Turn the Power switch on the unit off and remove power cord.

2 With a fingernail or a small flat-blade screwdriver, gently

open the fuse box by inserting it in the small groove next to fuse compartment door (Figure 3-3) and exerting lateral pressure.

3 Take out fuses and replace with replacement fuses.

WARNING

Note the following label located near the fuse box: CAUTION: FOR CONTINUED PORTECTION AGAINST RISK OF FIRE, REPLACE ONLY WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING OF FUSE SHOWN.


57

The following replacement fuses can be ordered for the color-view™ Spectrophotometer: Part No. Fuse Rating

500-150-0300 3.0 A Slo-Blo fuse

3.4.5 Lamp Replacement Procedures Lamp replacement procedures are detailed below. Refer to Figure 3-4 for component identification.


58

Figure 3-4 Lamp Replacement


59

Removal

WARNING

THE LAMP IS EXTREMELY HOT AND CAN CAUSE SEVERE BURNS! THE UNIT SHOULD BE TURNED OFF FOR AT LEAST 20 MINUTES BEFORE ATTEMPTING TO REPLACE THE LAMP.

1 Disconnect all power from Sensor. Turn Power switch off and unplug power cord located on the back of the unit.

2 Turn the Sensor over (bottom up) and place on a soft flat

surface so as not to scratch the exterior surface.

3 Locate Lamp compartment door. 4 Open door by turning the screw fastener 1/4 turn counter-

clockwise.

5 Move the door out of position (Door may be hot if lamp has been on for an extended time).

6 Locate the wire spring which retains the lamp in operating

position (Figure 3-4).

7 Gently depress the looped end of the wire spring and release it from under end of the stationary post (doing this will allow the lamp to move freely).


60

NOTE

It is important to remember not to touch the bulb or the inside surface of the lamp reflector. Hand oils or dirt will cause damage to these surfaces and render the lamp assembly useless. 8 Lift lamp out of its operation position and set on Sensor. 9 Locate end of lamp lead wires (yellow) which are

fastened to terminal block.

10 Loosen the retaining screws (which attach the wires to the block) just enough so that the contact lugs can be easily removed from under the screws. Do not completely remove the screws from the block.

11 Remove the lamp from the compartment.

Replacement

1 Locate the spare replacement lamp in the accessory box. 2 Insert the contact lugs of the replacement lamp between

the screw head and the terminal block. Tighten the screws to insure a good contact.

3 Insert the replacement lamp in the holder slot in the lamp

compartment and refasten wire spring.

4 Reinstall lamp compartment door.


61

5 Turn Sensor over (right side up).

6 Plug power cord back into back of Sensor and connect with mains, and turn on Power to return instrument to operating condition.

The following replacement lamp can be ordered for the color-view™ Spectrophotometer: Part No. Description

CC-6524 Replacement lamp


62

3.4.6 Service Procedures For spectrophotometer service and repairs, please contact the BYK-Gardner Customer Service Department. The following replacement parts can be ordered for the color-view™ Spectrophotometer: Part No. Description

500-150-0300 3.0 A Slo-Blo fuse CC-6524 Replacement Lamp

3.4.7 Service Contracts Service contracts for the color-view™ instrument are offered by BYK-Gardner USA. Please contact your BYK-Gardner representative or the main sales office for details.

GLOSSARY

63

GLOSSARY

GLOSSARY

65

GLOSSARY ASTM American Society for Testing

and Materials ASTM Methods Standardized test procedures

published by the ASTM Calibration Restandardization of the

instrument using working standards (zero black reference tile or cavity, white tile); the instrument measures the black and white reference material and updates the calibration files

CIE Commission Internationale de

l’Eclairage (French); in English, the International Commission on Illumination

CIE Color Space three dimensional opponent

color space, in which colors are arranged symmetrically

CIELAB International Color Scale

comprised of L*, a* and b* values, recommended by the CIE in 1976


66

CIELUV International Color Scale comprised of L*, u* and v* values, recommended by the CIE in 1976

CIE Standard Observer an ideal observer with a visual

response described by the CIE tristimulus functions

CIE Standard Source standard sources for which the

CIE has specified spectral energy distributions

CIE Standard Source A a tungsten filament lamp

operated at a correlated color temperature of approximately 2854 K

CIE Standard Source C an approximation of average

daylight having a correlated color temperature of approximately 6670 K; approximates daylight on a clear day at noon

CIE Tristimulus Values the amounts of three specified

stimuli required to match a color (% of visual response of light source)

Color Difference the magnitude and character of

the difference between two object colors under specified conditions

GLOSSARY

67

Colorimetry the study of color measurement Colorist a person trained in measuring

color, synonymous with color scientist

Color Scales standardized mathematical

reference systems which allow the representation of spectral data in two or three dimensions

Color Scientist see Colorist Color Tolerance the permissible color difference

between standard and specified color

Gloss 1) the property of the surface

which involves specular first surface reflectance and is responsible for lustrous or mirror-like appearance

2) the aspect of the reflecting

properties of an object determined by the brightness and configuration of images (ASTM E 284, E-12)

3) the angular selectivity of

directional reflectance of surface-reflected light responsible for the degree to


68

which reflected highlights or the images of objects may be seen as superimposed on the surface (ASTM E 284, E-12)

Gloss, specular 1) the relative luminous

fractional reflectance of a specimen at the specular direction (ASTM E 284, E-12)

2) the ratio of reflected to

incident light, x 100, for specified apertures of illumination and reception when the axis of reception coincides with the mirror image of the axis of illumination (ASTM E 284, E-12)

Hitching Post Standard standard close in color to the

samples being measured. This standard is used for hitch calibration of the instrument

Hunter L,a,b Scale a uniform scale devised in 1958

for use in a color difference meter, based on Hering’s opponent-color theory of vision

Illuminant a spectral power distribution for

a light which may or may not be physically realizable as a source

GLOSSARY

69

Incandescent Lamp a lamp which contains a filament heated until radiant energy (light) is emitted

Indexes mathematical equations used to

characterize a specific attribute of a sample, e.g. the whiteness or yellowness of a sample, the chromaticity difference or the total color difference

Light electromagnetic radiation

detectable by the eye Lightness the attribute of color perception

by which a sample is judged to reflect more or less light

Master Standard standards which are carefully

calibrated and maintained for calibration of working standards that are in daily use

Metamerism in Objects the phenomenon whereby colors

of specimens match when illuminated by light of one spectral composition despite differences in spectral reflectance of the specimen, and that consequently may not match in light of some other spectral composition


70

Metamers specimens differing in spectral reflectance but having colors that match in light of one spectral composition when viewed by one observer, but may not match in light of another spectral composition, or when viewed by another observer

Reflectance the ratio of reflected radiant flux

to incident radiant flux Reflection the process in which incident

light leaves a surface or medium from the side on which it is incident

Sample a specimen from a lot of

material selected for measurement

Scattering the process by which light or

other electromagnetic radiant flux is re-directed over a range of angles

Source a physically realizable light

whose spectral power distribution can be experimentally determined

GLOSSARY

71

Spectral Characteristic the reflectance or transmittance factor as a function of wavelength, used to characterize a specimen

Standard a reference against which

instrumental measurements are made

Strength the color quality that increases

or decreases with an increase or decrease in the amount of colorant available, other conditions being constant

Wavelength the distance, measured along the

line of propagation, between two points that are in phase on adjacent waves

Whiteness the attribute by which an object

color is judged to approach the preferred white

Yellowness attribute by which an object’s

color is judged to depart from colorless or a preferred white toward yellowness

INDEX

73

INDEX

INDEX

75

INDEX Accuracy (of Sensor) see Introduction, p. 17 ASTM see Glossary, p.65 Block Diagram (System) see Introduction, p. 22 Calibration see Glossary, p. 65 Calibration Standards (Puck) see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 48 Checking Standard see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 48 CIE see Glossary, p. 65 CIE Color Space see Glossary, p. 65 CIE Standard Observer see Glossary, p. 66 CIE Standard Source see Glossary, p. 66 CIE Standard Source A see Glossary, p. 66 CIE Standard Source C see Glossary, p. 66 CIE Tristimulus Values see Glossary, p. 66 Cleaning (Sensor) see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 55


76

Color Difference see Glossary, p. 66 Color Scales see Glossary, p. 67 Color Tolerance see Glossary, p. 67 Computer System (Installation) see Installation, p. 32 Computer System (Maintenance) see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 55 Configurations (System) see Introduction, p. 21 Constraints (Operation) see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 50 Detector see Introduction, p. 15 Dust and Contaminants see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 50 Environment (System) see Introduction, p. 19 Equipment Positioning see Installation, p. 31 External Inspection see Installation, p. 29 Fuse Replacement (Sensor) see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 56 Gloss see Glossary, p. 67

INDEX

77

Hardware see Operation/Maintenance, p. 43

Hardware Inspection see Installation, p. 29 Hardware Installation see Installation, p. 30 Hitching Post Standard see Glossary, p. 68 Host Computer see Introduction, p. 18 Host Computer Options see Introduction, p. 18 Hunter L, a, b Scale see Glossary, p. 68 Illuminant see Glossary, p. 68 Incandescent Lamp see Glossary, p. 69 Indexes see Glossary, p. 69 I/O (Sensor) see Introduction, p. 17 I/O Connector (Sensor) see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 47 Inspection (Hardware) see Installation, p.29 Internal Paddle see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 44 Internal Inspection see Installation, p.30 Lamp Life see Introduction, p. 12


78

Lamp Replacement (Sensor) see Operation/Maintenance, p. 57

Lens and Aperture (Sensor) see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 53 Light see Glossary, p. 69 Light Source see Introduction, p. 11 Lightness see Glossary, p. 69 Line Fuses see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 48 Location (System) see Installation, p. 30 Master Standard see Glossary, p. 69 Metamerism in Objects see Glossary, p. 69 Metamers see Glossary, p. 70 Operating Environment see Introduction, p. 19 Operation (Spectrophotometer) see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 42 Operational Requirements see Operation/Maintenance, and Procedures p. 50 Operator Controls see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 46

INDEX

79

Optical Sensor see Introduction, p. 11 Power Cord see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 47 Power Module (Sensor) see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 47 Power Requirements (Sensor) see Introduction, p. 18 Preinstallation see Installation, p. 30 Printer see Installation, p. 32 Reflectance see Glossary, p. 70 Reflectance Measurements see Operation/Maintenance, (Requirements and Procedures) p. 51 Reflectance Port (Sensor) see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 43 Reflection see Glossary, p. 70 Repeatability see Introduction, p. 16 Replacement Parts (Sensor) see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 62 Reproducibility see Introduction, p. 16 Retroviewer see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 46


80

Sample see Glossary, p. 70 Sample Viewer see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 46 Sample Viewing Sizes see Introduction, p. 14 Scattering see Glossary, p. 70 Serial Cable see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 48 Service Contracts see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 62 Service Procedures see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 62 Source see Glossary, p. 70 Spare Fuses see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 48 Spare Lamp see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 48 Spectral Characteristic see Glossary, p. 70 Spectral Characteristics see Introduction, p. 15 Spectrophotometer see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 42 Spectrophotometer Installation see Installation, p. 33

INDEX

81

Spectrophotometer Maintenance see Operation/Maintenance, p. 55

Spectrophotometer Specifications see Introduction, p. 11 Standard see Glossary, p. 71 Storage Environment see Introduction, p. 20 Strength see Glossary, p. 71 System Accessories see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 48 System Integration see Installation, p. 34 System Maintenance see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 55 System Operation see Operation/Maintenance,

p. 42 Wavelength see Glossary, p. 71 Whiteness see Glossary, p. 71 Viewing Geometry see Introduction, p. 12 Yellowness see Glossary, p. 71

83

APPENDIX A

X

85

APPENDIX A

1. Checking your color-view™ instrument with the checking

standard A plastic green tiles is shipped with the color-view™ instrument to be used as a checking reference by the user. The tile should be measured when the instrument is the first installed and checked periodically to verify instrument consistency. Record the instrument serial number and the X, Y, Z values of the tile using Illuminant D65 and the 10° Observer function (see Software Manual for details). Record the Aperture used (e.g. Large Area). Periodically, repeat the measurement with the same instrument settings. The individual values of X, Y and Z from the initial and the repeat measurement, should not vary by more than 0.10 color scale units. 2. Recalibrating your color-view™ instrument when you

replace the lamp Any time you replace the lamp in you color-view™ you will need to recalibrate your instrument. Additional procedures may be required. See Software Help Menu for details.

EC-Declaration of Conformity

EG-Konformitätserklärung

We Wir BYK-Gardner USA 9104 Guilford Road Columbia, MD 21046 USA Telephone: 301-483-6500 800-343-7721 Fax: 301-483-6555 declare in accordance with the EC Directive: erklären im Sinne der EG-Richtlinie: * Electromagnetic Compatibility 89/336/EEC Elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit 89/336/EWG Standard(s) to which conformity is declared: Norm(en) für die Konformität erklärt wird: EN55011, EN61326, EN61010-1:2001 The construction of the product: Die Bauart des Produktes:

Model(s) color-view 9000 & auto-match 9100

was developed, constructed and produced in accordance with aforementioned EC Directive(s). ist entwickelt, konstruiert und gefertigt in Übereinstimmung mit vorgenannter(n) EG-Richtlinie(n). Further safety relevant standards were observed. Weitere entsprechende sicherheitsrelevante Normen wurden berücksichtigt. A Technical Documentation is available. Eine Technische Documentation ist vorhanden. 14 September 2004 BYK-Gardner USA Signature: Unterschrift: Authorized Person: Michael J. Gogoel Bevollmächtigte Person: General Manager Part No. 030A019-03 Rev. E Page 1 of 2

USA Declaration of Conformity We, BYK-Gardner USA, hereby declare that the above-mentioned product/instrument has been developed, constructed and built in accordance with the stated EC-Directives. D EG-Konformitätserklärung Wir, BYK-Gardner USA, erklären hiermit, daß o.g. Produkte/Geräte entwickelt, konstruiert und gefertigt wurden in Übereinstimmung mit den vorgenannten EG-Richtlinien. GB Declaration of Conformity We, BYK-Gardner USA, hereby declare that the above-mentioned product/instrument has been developed, constructed and built in accordance with the stated EC-Directives. F Déclaration de conformité Nous, BYK-Gardner USA, déclarons que les produits/instruments ci-dessus mentionnés ont été développés, produits et construits en conformité avec les directives CEE établies. DK Konformitetserklærung Vi, BYK-Gardner USA, erklærer herved, at ovennævnte produkt/instrument er udviklet, konstrueret og produceret i overensstemmelse med de angivne EU Direktiver. E Declaración de Conformidad Nosotros, BYK-Gardner USA, declaramos, que los productos/aparatos arriba mencionados, han sido desarrollados, construídos y fabricados en consonancia con las directrices de la CEE indicadas. FIN EU-yhteensopivuusjulistus Me, BYK-Gardner USA, julistamme, että yllä mainittu tuote/laite on kehitetty, rakennettu ja valmistettu asetettujen EU-Direktiivien mukaisesti. I Dichiarazione di Conformità Noi, BYK-Gardner USA, dichiariamo che il suddetto prodotto/strumento è stato sviluppato, costruito e prodotto in conformità con le Direttive EC stabilite. NL Overeenkomstigheidsverklaring Wij, BYK-Gardner USA, verklaren hierbij dat bovengenoemd produkt/instrument is ontworpen, gekonstrueerd en vervaardigd overeenkomstig de genoemde EG-richtlijnen. P Declaracão de Conformidade Nós, BYK-Gardner USA, declaramos pela presente, que o produto/aparelho acima indicado foi desenvolvido, construído e produzido de acordo com as Directivas CE mencionadas. S Deklaration av överenstämmelse Vi, BYK-Gardner USA, deklarerar härmed att ovanstående produkt/instrument har blivit utvecklad och tillverkad i enlighet med gällende EU direktiv. GR Δηλϖοη ΕΚ -ονµµδρϕωοηζ Εµειζ, η BYK-Gardner USA, δηλϖνουµε µε το παρον οτι τα ωζ ανω αναφερµενα πρσιοντα / ονοκευεζ αναπτυχθηκαν οχεδιαοτηκαν κατ καταοκευαοτηκαν σε ουµφωνια µε τιζ πρσαναφεροµενεζ οδηγιεζ ΕΚ. Part No. 030A019-03 Rev. E Page 2 of 2

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