colorado lgbt data scan final 10 14-11

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DATA SCAN: THE HEALTH OF THE LESBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENDER COMMUNITIES IN COLORADO Indira Gujral, PhD Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment Data Partner: ONE Colorado September 8, 2011

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Page 1: Colorado lgbt data scan final 10 14-11

DATA SCAN: THE HEALTH OF THE LESBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENDER COMMUNITIES IN COLORADO

Indira Gujral, PhDColorado Department of Public Health and EnvironmentData Partner: ONE ColoradoSeptember 8, 2011

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Table of Contents

Elevating LGBT health in the United States Overview of Survey Sampling Health of LGBQ Youth: data from the 2009 Boulder

County Youth Risk Behavior Survey Health of LGB Adults: data from the Colorado Behavioral

Risk Factor Surveillance System (2006 – 2009) HIV or AIDS: state surveillance Filling In the Gaps: Data from A Conversation with

Coloradans (One Colorado Education Fund’s Needs Assessment)

Contacts and Resources

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ELEVATING LGBT HEALTH IN THE UNITED STATES

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Elevating LGBT Health in the U.S.

In 2011, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services recommended 14 actions to improve the health and well-being of the LGBT communities.

5 Examples of Recommended Actions: Healthy People 2020 The Affordable Care Act Anti-Bullying Efforts Improvements in Foster and Adoptive Care Runaway and Homeless Youth Services

Healthy People 2020
Sticky Note
The United States Department of Health and Human Services is forming a workgroup to examine the literature and propose objectives regarding LGBT health for Healthy People 2020.
Affordable Care Act
Sticky Note
As the Affordable Care Act is implemented, the United States Department of Health and Human Services is paying close attention to the unique needs of the LGBT community.
Anti-Bullying Efforts
Sticky Note
The United States Department of Health and Human Services has launched a website which contains specific information for LGBT youth (see resource slide for more information).
Improvements in Foster and Adoptive Care
Sticky Note
The United States Department of Health and Human Services recently awarded the Los Angeles Gay and Lesbian Community Services Center to help reduce barriers encountered by prospective and current foster and adoptive parents who are LGBT.
Runaway and Homeless Youth Services
Sticky Note
The United States Department of Health and Human Services requires all organizations serving runaway and homeless youth to serve LGBT youth.
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Elevating LGBT Health in the U.S.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Recommended 6 Future Actions (2011).

Example of 2 Future Recommended Actions: LGBT Cultural Competency Curricula Increase the number of federally funded surveys

collecting data on Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity (starts 2013)

LGBT Cultural Competency Curricula
Sticky Note
The United States Department of Health and Human Services is requiring new and existing health professionals to be trained in LGBT cultural competency curricula.
Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity
Sticky Note
The United States Department of Health and Human Services will be increasing the number of surveys collecting sexual orientation and sexual identity data on health and demographic surveys. In 2013, the National Health Interview Study will include these questions.
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Lots to Celebrate, Still Work to Do

Picture of the Berlin Wall
Sticky Note
The 28-mile barrier dividing Germany's capital was built in 1961 to prevent East Berliners fleeing to the West. This image shows the wall coming down November 9, 1989.
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Goals and Objectives

The goal of this data scan is to provide a baseline of LGBT health in Colorado

To accomplish this goal, we have 2 Objectives1. Provide data from two population-based surveys

assessing youth and adults 2009 Boulder County Youth Risk Behavior Survey Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

2. Provide data from convenience-sample survey of adultsOne Colorado Educational Fund’s Needs Assessment

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OVERVIEW OF SURVEY SAMPLING

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Overview: Population-based Sampling

Population-based sampling is a probability sampling method which selects a subset of individuals from within a population to yield some knowledge about the whole population.

Strengths of Population-based Sampling Cost: cheaper to sample group than whole population Time: data collection is faster Extrapolation: can generalize results to whole population Boulder County YRBS (generalize results about Boulder Youth) Colorado BRFSS (generalize results about Colorado adults)

Weakness of Population-based Sampling Accuracy: for small populations, need to aggregate years Story: does not tell a full story

Population–based Sampling
Sticky Note
Survey weights can be applied to adjust for the sampling design and to allow for the results to be generalized at the population level.
Boulder County YRBS
Sticky Note
2009 Boulder County Youth Risk Behavior Survey
Colorado BRFSS
Sticky Note
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
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Overview: Convenience Sampling

Convenience sampling is a type of non-probability sampling in which the sample is drawn from a population because the sample is readily available and convenient.

Strengths of Convenience Sampling Cost: cheaper than probability sampling Time: data collection is very fast Small and difficult to reach populations One Colorado Education Fund’s Needs Assessment (LGBT

community) Provides insight for new questions to be asked on population-based

surveys

Weaknesses of Convenience Sampling Extrapolation: can NOT generalize results to whole population

Convenience Sampling
Sticky Note
The researcher using such a sample cannot scientifically make generalizations about the total population from this sample because it would not be representative.
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THE HEALTH OF LGBQ YOUTH IN BOULDER COUNTY, COLORADO

Youth Risk Behavior Survey Boulder County Health Public HealthNovember, 2009

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Methods: 2009 Boulder County YRBS

2009 Boulder County Youth Risk Behavior Survey US Youth Risk Behaviors Survey

Purpose is to monitor health risk behaviors (not assets) Data collected from randomly sampled schools and

classrooms across the United States every other year Does NOT collect sexual orientation

Boulder County YRBS does collect sexual orientation (county adds the question)

US Youth Risk Behaviors Survey
Sticky Note
The YRBS is a tool developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to assist in monitoring health risk behaviors among youth. It’s been in existence since 1991 and data is collected in odd years.
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Methods: 2009 Boulder County YRBS

Boulder County YRBS Administered in 18 high schools

9 high schools in Boulder County School District 9 high schools in St. Vrain Valley School District

108 questions (including sexual orientation) 2,491 high school students Sexual Orientation Status

Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Questioning (LGBQ)

Excludes Gender Identity

Boulder County Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2009
Sticky Note
The YRBS is a tool developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to assist in monitoring health risk behaviors among youth. It’s been in existence since 1991 and data is collected in odd years.
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Results: 2009 Boulder County YRBS

Results by Topic Area Demographics Family and Community Service Injury Safety and Harassment School Safety Sexual Assault and Dating Violence Depression Suicide Tobacco, Alcohol, and Marijuana Weight Issues Behaviors Influencing Weight Physical Activity

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Results: Demographics

9.3

90.7

Sexual Orientation

LGBQ Heterosexual

Source: 2009, Boulder County Youth Risk Behavior Survey; Boulder County Health Department.

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Results: Family and Community

78%

64%

38%

86%

77%

43%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Parents have behavior standards

4 or more meals with family per week

Engaged in Community Service

LBGQ Heterosexual

*

*

*

*Statistically Significant Difference between LGBQ and Heterosexual (p<0.05) Source: 2009, Boulder County Youth Risk Behavior Survey; Boulder County Health Department.

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Results: Injury

67.1%

7.7%

31.6%

68.8%

5.0%

22.4%

75.2%

7.6%

24.6%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

100.0%

Never/rarely wear bicycle helmet

Never/rarely wear seat belt

Rode with Driver who drank alcohol

LGBQ Heterosexual Colorado

*

*

*Statistically Significant Difference between LGBQ and Heterosexual (p<0.05) Source: 2009, Boulder County Youth Risk Behavior Survey; Boulder County Health Department.

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Results: Safety and Harassment

78.4%

29.8% 26.8%

90.8%

12.9%

3.9%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

100.0%

Felt Safe in Neighborhood

Electronically Bullied Harassed because someone thought you

were LGB

LGBQ Heterosexual

*

*

*

*Statistically Significant Difference between LGBQ and Heterosexual (p<0.05) Source: 2009, Boulder County Youth Risk Behavior Survey; Boulder County Health Department.

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Results: School Safety

13.4% 14.9% 20.8%

4.0% 5.9%

14.1%

5.1% 8.0%

16.7%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

100.0%

Did not go to school because felt unsafe

Threatened or injured on school

property

Carried a weapon

LGBQ Heterosexual Colorado * *

*

*Statistically Significant Difference between LGBQ and Heterosexual (p<0.05) Source: 2009, Boulder County Youth Risk Behavior Survey; Boulder County Health Department.

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Results: Dating and Sexual Assault

13.8% 20.8%

10.7% 6.4% 4.4% 2.4%

9.1% 7.7% 4.6%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

100.0%

Hurt by girlfriend/boyfriend

Forced to have sexual intercourse

First sex < age 13

LGBQ Heterosexual Colorado

* *

*

*Statistically Significant Difference between LGBQ and Heterosexual (p<0.05) Source: 2009, Boulder County Youth Risk Behavior Survey; Boulder County Health Department.

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Results: Depression

52.2%

72.9%

29.3% 22.3%

81.6%

51.6%

25.4%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

100.0%

Felt sad/hopeless Has someone to talk Gets help when sad

LGBQ Heterosexual Colorado *

*

*

*Statistically Significant Difference between LGBQ and Heterosexual (p<0.05) Source: 2009, Boulder County Youth Risk Behavior Survey; Boulder County Health Department.

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Results: Suicide

35.3% 28.9%

20.3%

11.1% 9.2% 4.2%

13.7% 11.0% 7.6%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

100.0%

Seriously considered Planned suicide Attempted suicide

LGBQ Heterosexual Colorado

*

* *

*Statistically Significant Difference between LGBQ and Heterosexual (p<0.05) Source: 2009, Boulder County Youth Risk Behavior Survey; Boulder County Health Department.

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Results: Tobacco, Alcohol, Marijuana

39.0%

52.3%

20.3% 24.3%

41.8%

4.2%

24.9%

40.8%

7.6%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

100.0%

Current tobacco use Current alcohol use Current marijuana use

LGBQ Heterosexual Colorado

*

*

*

*Statistically Significant Difference between LGBQ and Heterosexual (p<0.05) Source: 2009, Boulder County Youth Risk Behavior Survey; Boulder County Health Department.

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Results: Weight Issues

11.8%

47.7%

58.9%

5.1%

37.8%

73.9%

7.1%

38.6%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

100.0%

Obese Trying to lose Vigorous physical activity

LGBQ Heterosexual Colorado

*

*

*

*Statistically Significant Difference between LGBQ and Heterosexual (p<0.05) Source: 2009, Boulder County Youth Risk Behavior Survey; Boulder County Health Department.

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Results: Behaviors Influencing Weight

10.1%

30.1% 23.1%

3.0%

40.7%

19.8%

3.6%

25.1%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

100.0%

Vomited/Laxatives Sleep ≥ 8 hours ≥ 3 hours tv/comp

LGBQ Heterosexual Colorado

*

*

*Statistically Significant Difference between LGBQ and Heterosexual (p<0.05) Source: 2009, Boulder County Youth Risk Behavior Survey; Boulder County Health Department.

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THE HEALTH OF LGB ADULTS IN COLORADO

Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance SystemColorado Department of Public Health and Environment2006 – 2009

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Background

According to the Williams Institute at UCLA School of Law, it is estimated that more than 186,000 LGBT individuals live in Colorado, including 12,000 transgender people.

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Background: LGBT Health

Very few federal and state health surveillance surveys include measures of respondents’ sexual orientation

Research from non-population-based surveys provides evidence of health disparities among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) populations

Healthy People 2020, the US Department of Health and Human Services, the Institute of Medicine, and others call for increased efforts to study and to improve LGBT health

Colorado Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (2006 – 2009)

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Background: Sexual Orientation and the BRFSS

Few states have added sexual orientation to the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey (BRFSS)

Recently published results from Massachusetts and Washington provide evidence of LGBT health disparities Conron et al., AJPH, October 2010 Dilley et al., AJPH, March 2010

Colorado added sexual orientation to its BRFSS in 2006

Colorado Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (2006 – 2009)

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Methods: Colorado’s BRFSS Question

“Research has shown that some sexual minority community members have important health risk factors. We are collecting information about sexual orientation to learn whether this is true in Colorado.

Do You consider yourself to be: Heterosexual, that is, straight; Homosexual, that is, gay or lesbian; Bisexual, or something else?

Survey Does NOT measure Gender Identity

Colorado Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (2006 – 2009)

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Results: Demographics of BRFSS Respondents

Source: 2006 – 2009, Colorado Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Health Statistics Section, Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment.

1.3%

97.7%

0.9% 0.1%

Sexual Orientation

Homosexual Heterosexual Bisexual Other

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Demographics of Respondents: Age

63.2%

12.5%

24.3%

79.3%

4.4%

16.4%

52.8%

9.8%

37.4%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

100.0%

18-34 35-49 50+

Homosexual Bisexual Heterosexual

Source: 2006 – 2009, Colorado Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Health Statistics Section, Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment.

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Demographics of Respondents: Urban/Rural

65.1%

24.6%

10.4%

63.2%

22.8%

13.7%

51.5%

30.2%

18.3%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

100.0%

Denver Metro Other Urban Rural

Homosexual Bisexual Heterosexual

Source: 2006 – 2009, Colorado Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Health Statistics Section, Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment.

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Demographics of Respondents: Race/Ethnicity

76.0%

3.3%

13.6%

3.4% 3.7%

70.2%

1.2%

19.5%

5.0% 4.0%

75.0%

2.5%

17.8%

3.4% 1.4%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

100.0%

White Black Hispanic Other Multiracial

Homosexual

Bisexual

Heterosexual

Source: 2006 – 2009, Colorado Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Health Statistics Section, Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment.

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Demographics of Respondents: Educational Attainment

4.0%

21.7%

74.3%

11.6%

29.1%

59.3%

8.7%

24.0%

67.2%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

100.0%

Did not complete High School

High School Graduate

Some College

Homosexual Bisexual Heterosexual

Source: 2006 – 2009, Colorado Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Health Statistics Section, Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment.

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Demographics of Respondents: Poverty

26.9%

73.1%

45.4%

54.6%

25.9%

74.1%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

100.0%

Below 200% FPL Above 200% FPL

Homosexual Bisexual Heterosexual

Source: 2006 – 2009, Colorado Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Health Statistics Section, Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment.

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Demographics of Respondents: Marital Status

8.6% 10.8%

46.2%

34.4% 29.2%

13.4%

47.7%

9.7%

65.3%

14.6% 16.0%

4.2%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

100.0%

Married Formerly Married

Never Married Unmarried Couple

Homosexual Bisexual Heterosexual

Source: 2006 – 2009, Colorado Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Health Statistics Section, Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment.

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Demographics of Respondents: Children in Household

17.1%

82.9%

47.9% 52.1%

45.9%

54.1%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

100.0%

Yes No

Homosexual Bisexual Heterosexual

Source: 2006 – 2009, Colorado Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Health Statistics Section, Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment.

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Results: Demographic Summary

Variable Significant Not Significant

Age X

Rural Residency X

Race/Ethnicity X

Education X

Poverty X

Marital Status X

Children in Household X

*Statistically Significant Difference between LGBQ and Heterosexual (p<0.05) Source: 2006 – 2009, Colorado Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Health Statistics Section, Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment.

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What is the prevalence of health conditions and behaviors among Colorado’s LGB population?

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Results: General Health

57.20%

20.9%

9.6%

71.40%

30.1%

14.4%

50.10%

17.8%

12.0%

Don't Always Get Needed Emotional Support

Some Physical Disability

Fair or Poor General Health

Heterosexual Bisexual Homosexual

*Statistically Significant Difference compared to Heterosexual (p<0.05) Source: 2006 – 2009, Colorado Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Health Statistics Section, Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment.

*

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Results: Health Services and Screenings

74.3%

60.2%

29.7%

24.5%

14.2%

78.4%

71.6%

37.4%

26.0%

31.3%

76.7%

60.2%

61.8%

20.7%

16.6%

Did Not Get Pneumonia Vaccine

Did Not Get Flu Shot

Never had an HIV test

No Regular Primary Care Provider

No Health Insurance

Heterosexual Bisexual Homosexual *

*

*

*Statistically Significant Difference compared to Heterosexual (p<0.05) Source: 2006 – 2009, Colorado Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Health Statistics Section, Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment.

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Results: Risk Behaviors

75.5%

34.1%

25.0%

12.4%

8.80%

73.1%

35.4%

28.2%

20.2%

5.80%

74.9%

17.3%

16.4%

17.2%

6.70%

Insufficient Fruits and Vegetables

Current Smokers

Binge Drink

Physically Inactive

Don't Always Use a Seatbelt

Heterosexual Bisexual Homosexual

* *

* *

*

*Statistically Significant Difference compared to Heterosexual (p<0.05) Source: 2006 – 2009, Colorado Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Health Statistics Section, Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment.

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Results: Chronic Disease

48.90%

32.3%

22.3%

14.3%

3.4%

2.5%

50.50%

34.5%

20.8%

13.8%

3.2%

4.5%

55.90%

21.3%

Overweight or Obese

High Cholesterol

Diagnosed Hypertension

Current Asthma

Diagnosed with Diabetes

Diagnosed Heart Disease or Angina

Heterosexual Bisexual Homosexual

*

*Statistically Significant Difference compared to Heterosexual (p<0.05) Source: 2006 – 2009, Colorado Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Health Statistics Section, Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment.

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Results: Homosexual Respondents

75.5%

74.3%

60.2%

57.20%

48.90%

34.1%

32.3%

29.7%

25.0%

24.5%

22.3%

20.9%

14.3%

14.2%

12.4%

9.80%

9.6%

8.80%

3.4%

2.5%

0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0% 60.0% 70.0% 80.0%

Insufficient Fruits and Vegetables Did Not Get Pneumonia Vaccine

Did Not Get Flu Shot Don't Always Get Needed Emotional Support

Overweight or Obese Current Smokers High Cholesterol

Never had an HIV test Binge Drink

No Regular Primary Care Provider Diagnosed Hypertension Some Physical Disability

Current Asthma No Health Insurance

Physically Inactive Drinking and Driving

Fair or Poor General Health Don't Always Use a Seatbelt

Diagnosed with Diabetes Diagnosed Heart Disease or Angina

Source: 2006 – 2009, Colorado Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Health Statistics Section, Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment.

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Results: Bisexual Respondents

73.1%

78.4%

71.6%

71.40%

50.50%

35.4%

34.5%

37.4%

28.2%

26.0%

20.8%

30.1%

13.8%

31.3%

20.2%

2.10%

14.4%

5.80%

3.2%

4.5%

0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0% 60.0% 70.0% 80.0% 90.0%

Insufficient Fruits and Vegetables Did Not Get Pneumonia Vaccine

Did Not Get Flu Shot Don't Always Get Needed Emotional Support

Overweight or Obese Current Smokers High Cholesterol

Never had an HIV test Binge Drink

No Regular Primary Care Provider Diagnosed Hypertension Some Physical Disability

Current Asthma No Health Insurance

Physically Inactive Drinking and Driving

Fair or Poor General Health Don't Always Use a Seatbelt

Diagnosed with Diabetes Diagnosed Heart Disease or Angina

Source: 2006 – 2009, Colorado Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Health Statistics Section, Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment.

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Results: Heterosexual Respondents

74.9%

76.7%

60.2%

50.10%

55.90%

17.3%

34.3%

61.8%

16.4%

20.7%

21.3%

17.8%

7.9%

16.6%

17.2%

4.10%

12.0%

6.70%

5.5%

2.7%

0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0% 60.0% 70.0% 80.0% 90.0%

Insufficient Fruits and Vegetables Did Not Get Pneumonia Vaccine

Did Not Get Flu Shot Don't Always Get Needed Emotional Support

Overweight or Obese Current Smokers High Cholesterol

Never had an HIV test Binge Drink

No Regular Primary Care Provider Diagnosed Hypertension Some Physical Disability

Current Asthma No Health Insurance

Physically Inactive Drinking and Driving

Fair or Poor General Health Don't Always Use a Seatbelt

Diagnosed with Diabetes Diagnosed Heart Disease or Angina

Source: 2006 – 2009, Colorado Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Health Statistics Section, Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment.

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Results: Summary

0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0% 60.0% 70.0% 80.0% 90.0%

Insufficient Fruits and Vegetables Did Not Get Pneumonia Vaccine

Did Not Get Flu Shot Don't Always Get Needed …

Overweight or Obese Current Smokers High Cholesterol

Never had an HIV test Binge Drink

No Regular Primary Care … Diagnosed Hypertension Some Physical Disability

Current Asthma No Health Insurance

Physically Inactive Drinking and Driving

Fair or Poor General Health Don't Always Use a Seatbelt

Diagnosed with Diabetes Diagnosed Heart Disease or …

Heterosexual

Bisexual

Homosexual

Source: 2006 – 2009, Colorado Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Health Statistics Section, Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment.

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Conclusions

Disparities in health behaviors and health conditions do exist between Colorado’s heterosexual and LGB populations

LGB populations are not homogenous The prevalence of health behaviors and health

outcomes varies within the LGB population

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Limitations and Future Opportunities

No data on transgender Coloradans No statewide data on LGBT youth Insufficient sample size to conduct analysis of

rotating core and state added BRFSS questions by sexual orientation

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HIV OR AIDS

Colorado HIV Surveillance Report Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment 4th Quarter, 2010

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Background: HIV or AIDS

In Colorado, physicians, health care providers, hospitals, or any other person providing testing and/or counseling or treatment to a person with HIV infection are required by law to report HIV and AIDS related information to the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, or local health department.

Laboratories must report tests that indicate HIV

infection.

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Overview: HIV or AIDS in Colorado

The first case of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) was diagnosed in 1982.

Between 1982 and 2010, nearly 16,600 people have been diagnosed with HIV disease in Colorado.

Between 2006 and 2010, new HIV diagnoses averaged 430 per year.

Between 2006 and 2010, HIV/AIDS deaths averaged 103 per year.

Since highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) became widely available in 1996, both AIDS diagnoses and HIV/AIDS related deaths have declined significantly.

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New Cases of HIV by year, Colorado

279 256

302

249 249

72 76 52 48

64

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Num

ber o

f N

ew H

IV C

ases

Year

Male-male sex Heterosexual contact

Source: 4th Quarter, 2010, Colorado HIV Surveillance Report; Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment.

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Racial/ethnic categories of individuals living with HIV due to male-male sex exposure, December 31, 2010

73.0%

9.0%

16.0%

0.7% 0.5%

0.7%

Percent

White

Black

Hispanic

Asian/Pacific Islander

American Indian/Alaska Native Multiple/Unknown

Source: 4th Quarter, 2010, Colorado HIV Surveillance Report; Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment.

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FILLING IN THE DATA GAPS: THE HEALTH OF LGBT ADULTS IN COLORADO

One Colorado Education Fund’s Needs AssessmentONE Colorado2010

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Methods: 2010 Conversation with Coloradans

One Colorado Education Fund’s Needs Assessment (AKA Needs Assessment)Purpose: start a dialogue about issues affecting

LGBT people in Colorado Online or print survey of over 4,600 respondentsStrength: sample size and inclusion of

transgender peopleWeakness: not population-based; cannot

generalize to the entire state

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Results: 2010 Conversation with Coloradans

Results by Topic AreaDemographicsHousing DiscriminationEmployment DiscriminationSpiritualityPhilanthropyTop 5 Most Important Social Services

One Colorado Education Fund’s Needs Assessment

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Health EquityHealth Begins Where You Live, Learn, Work and Play

NATIONAL INFLUENCESGOVERNMENT POLICIES

U.S. CULTURE & CULTURAL NORMS

PREGNANCY

EARLY CHILDHOOD

CHILDHOOD

ADOLESCENCE

ADULTHOOD

OLDER ADULTS

LIFE COURSE HEALTH FACTORS =

QUALITY OF LIFE

MORBIDITY

MORTALITY

LIFE EXPECTANCY

POPULATIONOUTCOMES

SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH

ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY

PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT

SOCIAL FACTORS

• Income• Employment• Education• Housing

Built Environment•Recreation•Food •Transportation

Environmental quality•Housing•Water•Air

Safety

• Participation• Social support

• Leadership• Political influence

• Organizational networks

• Violence• Racism

+

HEALTHBEHAVIORS & CONDITIONS

MENTAL HEALTH

ACCESS , UTILIZATION

& QUALITYCARE

• Nutrition• Physical activity

• Tobacco use• Skin Cancer• Injury• Oral health• Sexual health

• Obesity• Cholesterol• High Blood Pressure

• Mental health status

• Stress• Substance abuse

• Functional status

• Health insurance coverage

• Received needed care

• Provider availability

• Preventive care

Public Health’s Role in Addressing the Social Determinants of Health•Advocating for and defining public policy to achieve health equity

•Coordinated interagency efforts

•Creating organizational environments that enable change

•Data collection, monitoring and surveillance

•Population based interventions to address health factors

•Community engagement and capacity building

Colorado Department of Public Health - Social Determinants of Health Workgroup

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Demographics: Sexual Orientation

9%

29%

54%

5%

2% 1%

Respondents

Bisexual Lesbian Gay Queer Chose not to label Self-Identify

Source: 2010, Needs Assessment; One Colorado.

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Demographics: Gender Identity

39%

57%

3% 1%

Respondents

Female Male Transgender/Transsexual Self-Identify

Source: 2010, Needs Assessment; One Colorado.

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Demographics: Gender Identity

26%

61%

13%

Transgender People

Female to Male Male to Female Self-Identify

Source: 2010, Needs Assessment; One Colorado.

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Demographics: Age

15%

25% 24% 22%

12%

3%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65 or older

Age Group

Source: 2010, Needs Assessment; One Colorado.

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Housing Discrimination

87%

5% 4% 2% 7%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%

100%

No one Attorney Colorado Civil Rights

Commission

Police Other

Report Being Denied Housing

Six (6) percent of respondents reported being denied housing due to sexual orientation or sexual identity

Source: 2010, Needs Assessment; One Colorado.

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Employment Discrimination

72%

22%

7% 3% 0% 3%

9%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%

100%

No one Human Resources

Attorney Colorado Civil Rights Commission

Police School Official

Other

Report Employment Discrimination

Twenty-seven (27) percent of respondents experienced employment discrimination due to sexual orientation or sexual identity

Source: 2010, Needs Assessment; One Colorado.

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Spirituality: Attending religious service

9% 12%

23%

15%

41%

17% 14%

23%

15%

31%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

1 or more times/wk

1-3 times/mth

Few times/yr 1 time/yr Never

LGBT Transgender Only

Source: 2010, Needs Assessment; One Colorado.

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Philanthropy: Contributing to Charity

10%

58%

14% 15%

4%

16%

62%

10% 8% 3%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

$0 $1-499 $500-999 $1,000-4,999 $5,000

LGBT Transgender Only

Source: 2010, Needs Assessment; One Colorado.

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Top 5 Most Important Social Services

34%

10% 9% 8%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Ensuring school safety for LGBT youth

Access to LGBT-welcoming health care

Increasing services for people living w/ HIV/AIDS

Ensuring parents have information for supporting LGBT youth

LGBT

Source: 2010, Needs Assessment; One Colorado.

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DATA CONTACTS & RESOURCES

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Data Contacts

Indira Gujral, MS PhD, Epidemiologist, CDPHE [email protected]

Kyle Legleiter, MPH, Program Director, CDPHE [email protected]

Fran Simon, Simon Analytics [email protected]

Kieu Vu, MSPH, BRFSS Coordinator, CDPHE [email protected]

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Resources

The Affordable Care Act and the LGBT Community: http://lgbthealth.webolutionary.com/sites/default/files/ACA%20final.pdf

The Affordable Care Act and LGBT Americans:http://www.healthcare.gov/news/factsheets/new_options_for_lgbt_americans.html

Boulder County Youth Risk Behavior Survey: http://www.bouldercounty.org/help/health/lgbtiq/pages/yrbsresultslinks.aspx

Bullying: www.StopBullying.gov Colorado HIV Surveillance Report:

http://www.cdphe.state.co.us/dc/HIVandSTD/HIV_STDSurv/HIV.AIDS.Surv.rpt.4thQuarter.2010.pdf

One Colorado Needs Assessment: http://www.one-colorado.org/issues/2010-needs-assessment/

Sexual Identity, Sex of Sexual Contacts and Health-Risk Behaviors Among Students in Grades 9 – 12 – Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance, Selected Sites, United States, 2001 – 2009: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss6007a1.htm

Sexual Behavior, Sexual Attraction, and Sexual Identity in the United States: Data from the 2006 – 2008 National Survey of Family Growth: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhsr/nhsr036.pdf

U.S. Health and Human Services: http://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/lgbt/