colour model
TRANSCRIPT
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IIITM GWALIOR POWERPOINT PRESENTATION
ON COLOR MODELS
Monika lagwal
CSE
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POWERPOINT
PRESENTATION
on
Color model
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COLOR MODEL IN
COMPUTER GRAPHICS
Any system for representingcolors as ordered sets ofnumbers.
A color model is an orderly system for creating a whole range of colors from a small set of primary colors.
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There are two types of color
models, those that are subtractive
and those that are additive.
Additive color models use light to display color while subtractive
models use printing inks. Colors perceived in additive models are
the result of transmitted light. Colors perceived in subtractive
models are the result of reflectedlight.
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COLOR MODELS
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THE MOST COMMON COLOUR
MODELS ARE
1.RGB,
2.CMYK,
3. HSB.
THERE ARE SEVERAL OTHERS, E.G.
CMY,HSV,HLS ETC
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RGB MODEL
In the RGB model notice that the
overlapping of additive colors (red,
green and blue) results in subtractive
colors (cyan, magenta and yellow.
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THE INTENSITY OF EACH OF THE RED,
GREEN AND BLUE COMPONENTS ARE
REPRESENTED ON A SCALE FROM 0 TO
255 WITH 0 BEING THE LEAST INTENSITY
(NO LIGHT EMITTED) TO 255 (MAXIMUM
INTENSITY). FOR EXAMPLE IN THE ABOVE
RGB CHART THE MAGENTA COLOR
WOULD BE R=255 G=0 B=255. BLACK
WOULD BE R=0 G=0 B=0 (A TOTAL
ABSENCE OF LIGHT).
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THE MAIN PURPOSE OF THE RGB COLOR MODEL
1.FOR THE SENSING,
2.REPRESENTATION,
3.DISPLAY OF IMAGES IN ELECTRONIC
SYSTEMS, SUCH AS TELEVISIONS AND
Computers.
4. photography.
Use RGB For Screen Displays
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CMYK COLOR MODELThe CMYK printing method is also known as "four-color process" or simply "process" color.
For printed material
Uses ink to display color
Colors result from reflected lightCyan + Magenta + Yellow=Black
In the CMYK model notice that the overlapping of
subtractive colors (cyan, magenta and yellow) results in
additive colors (red, green and blue).
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THE CMY(K) COLOR MODEL
Used in electrostatic and in ink-jet plotters that deposit pigment on paper
Cyan, magenta, and yellow are complements of red, green , and blue
Subtractive primaries: colors are specified by what is removed or subtracted from white light, rather than by what is added to blackness
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Cartesian coordinate system Subset is unit
cube
white is at origin, black at (1, 1, 1):
K = black, which is used instead
of equal amounts of CMY
Magenta
Red
YellowGreen
Cyan
Blue
Black
(minus green)
(minus blue)
(minus red)
B
G
R
Y
M
C
1
1
1
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Some examples of 4 Color Process printing in
various stages is below:
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COLOR PROCESS PRINTING.
ADVANTAGE:
1. REQUIRES ONLY 4 FILM POSITIVES AND SCREENS
AND, THUS, MAY BE MORE ECONOMICAL.
DISADVANTAGES:
A) CAN ONLY PRINT EFFECTIVELY ON WHITE SHIRTS (UNLESS
USE EXPERTISE DISCHARGE METHOD OF PRINTING).
B) CANNOT GUARANTEE PMS COLOR MATCHES.
C) THE PRINTED IMAGE IS NOT AS VIBRANT AS THAT USING
SPOT COLOR PRINTING SINCE THE INKS USED ARE
TRANSPARENT, NOT OPAQUE.
D) CANNOT CREATE THE COLOR WHITE USING CMYK.
THEREFORE, A SPOT COLOR WHITE WOULD HAVE TO BE
PRINTED IF WHITE IS NEEDED.
E) GENERALLY DOESN'T PRINT AS WELL ON 5.6 OZ FABRIC AND
LIGHTER
SINCE FABRIC WEAVE IS NOT TIGHT ENOUGH
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A comparison of RGB and CMYK color
models.
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The HSB Color Model
The HSB color model defines three
fundamental properties of color: Hue,
Saturation, and Brightness.
It is predicated on the principle that every
real color originates from a single pure
color (Hue), which is then mixed with
various amount of white or/and black
color to give various shades of that pure
color.
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HUE IS THE NAME OR PURE VALUE OF THE COLOR SUCH AS RED,
GREEN, YELLOW, ETC. IT IS MEASURED IN DEGREES FROM 0 TO
360. (0 IS RED, 60 IS YELLOW, 120 IS GREEN, 180 IS CYAN, 240 IS
BLUE AND 300 IS MAGENTA.)
SATURATION IS THE PURITY OF THE COLOR AND IS THE AMOUNT
OF PURE COLOR MIXED WITH WHITE COLOR. IT VARIES FROM
WHITE TO PURE COLOR. IT IS MEASURED IN PERCENT FROM 0 TO
100. THE HIGHER THE PERCENTAGE, THE MORE PURE WILL BE THE COLOR.
BRIGHTNESS DETERMINES THE INTENSITY OF THE COLOR AND
IS THE AMOUNT OF PURE COLOR MIXED WITH BLACK COLOR. IT
VARIES FROM BLACK TO PURE COLOR. IT IS MEASURED IN
PERCENT FROM 0 TO 100. THE HIGHER THE PERCENTAGE, BRIGHTER THE COLOR.
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THE HSV COLOR MODEL
Hue, saturation, value
(brightness)
HSB-space invented by Alvy
Ray Smith—described in his
1978 SIGGRAPH paper, Color Gamut Transformation Pairs.
Hex cone subset of cylindrical
(polar) coordinate system
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THE HLS COLOR MODEL
Hue, lightness,
saturation
Maximally saturated hues are
at S = 1, L = 0.5
Less attractive for sliders or
dials
Conceptually easier for some
people to view white as a
point
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THANK YOU