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VFR COMMUNICATION 1. A radio direction finding station will use the following Q-

code to pass a true heading (no wind) to an aircraft to

head for that station QUJ.

2. QNH is the Q-code to indicate the altimeter sub-scale

setting to obtain elevation when on the ground.

3. You obtain a clearance to descend to an altitude of 2500

feet. The clearance should also include the following

pressure setting QNH.

4. When an aircraft lands with QNH set in the sub-scale of

the altimeter it will read airfield elavation.

5. What is the Q-code is used tı report altitude? QNH.

6. What does QTE mean? True bearing from the station.

7. What is Q-code for True bearing from the station? QTE.

8. What is the Q-code for Magnetic heading from the

station(no wind)? QDM.

9. What does QDM mean? Magnetic heading to the

station(no wind).

10. The priority of the pilot's message "REQUEST QDM" is

greater than "TURNL LEFT HEADING 090".

11. What is Q-code for Magnetic bearing from station? QDR.

12. What does QDR mean? Magnetic bearing from station.

13. If you are requested to report your height. To which Q-

code setting would you refer? QFE.

14. The priority of the instruction "TAXI TO RUNWAY 05" is

same as "LINE-UP RUNWAY 07 AND WAIT".

15. A message concerning an aircraft being threatened y grave

and imminent danger, requiring immediate assistance is

called distress message.

16. A message concerning aircraft parts and material urgently

required is a flight regularity message.

17. Which of the following statements reflects the correct

order of priority given to mssages in the aeronautical

mobile service? Messages relating to direction finding

take precedence over flight regularity messages.

18. Flight safety messages are Air Traffic Control messages.

19. Air Traffic Control messages (clearances, instructions,

etc.)belong to the category of flight safety messages.

20. The order of priority of the following messages in the

aeronautical mobile service is distress message, urgency

message, direction finding message.

21. The order of priority of the following messages in the

aeronautical mobile service is flight safety message,

meteorological message, flight regularity message.

22. An aircraft is requested to fly at 2500 feet on the airfield

QFE. All references to vertical position should now be

referred to as height.

23. What does abbreviation "HJ" mean? Sunrise to sunset.

24. What does the abbreviation "HX" mean? No specific

working hours.

25. What does the term"BROADCAST" mean? A transmission

of information relating to air navigation that is not

addresssed to a specific station or stations.

26. An example of the content of a FLIGHT REGULARITY

message is messages concerning rhe aircraft servicing.

27. Which of messages listed below shall not be handled by

the aeronautical mobile service? Radio teletype messages.

28. The clearance "CLEARED FOR IMMEDIATE TAKEOFF

RUNWAY 03" is a flight safety message.

29. What does "AERONAUTICAL STATION" mean? A station in

aeronautical mobile service located on land or, in certain

instances, on board of a ship or on a platform at sea.

30. The term "FLIGHT LEVEL" is defined as surface of constant

atmospheric pressure related to datum of 1013 hPa.

31. The message addressed to an Area Control Centre

"REQUEST RADAR VECTORS TO CIRCUMNAVIGATE

ADVERSE WEATHER" is a flight safety message.

32. The message to an aeronautical ground station "PLEASE

CALL A TAXI-CAB FOR US. WE WILL ARRIVE AT 1045 AS

SCHEDULED" is an unauthorized message.

33. Which of the following calls is a "GENERAL CALL"? ALL

STATIONS Stephanville CONTROL.

34. What does the term"BLIND TRANMISSION" mean? A

transmission from one station to another station in

circumstances where two-way communication cannot be

established but it is believed that the called statio is able

to receive the transmission.

35. The three main categories of aeronautical communcations

service are Air-Ground, Flight Information service, ATC.

36. What does the term "AIR-GROUND COMMUNICATION"

mean? Two-way communication between aircraft and

stations or locations on the surface of the Earth.

37. What does term "FIR" mean? Flight Information Region.

38. What does the abbreviation "AFIS" mean? Aerodrome

Flight Information Service.

39. What abbreviation is used for term"CONTROL ZONE"?CTR.

40. Which abbreviation is used for Coordinated Universal

Time? UTC.

41. To which frequency bands do the frequencies 118,000 -

136,975 MHz of the Aeronautical Mobile Service belong?

Very High Frequency.

42. What is the minimum frequency seperation between

consecutive frequencies used in the VHF band? 8.33 kHz.

43. Which phenomena will normally influence the reception of

VHF transmission? Level of aircraft and terrain elevations.

44. What are thr propagation çoğalma characteristics of VHF?

Practically straight-line smilar to light waves.

45. Which is the maximum distance at which you might expect

solid VHF contact over flat terrain at FL50? About 85 NM.

The range= 1.23 x √height or terrain

46. Under which of the following circumstances may you

expect a solid reception of the TOWER frequency 118,2

MHz? Aircraft at high level in the vicinity of the ground

station.

47. Attenuation zayıflama of radio waves means the weakining

of the radiated waves.

48. VHF communications sometimes expeience extended

ranges as a result of super refraction kırılma.

49. Which is the frequency band containing frequencies of the

Aeronautical Mobile Service? 118,000 – 136,975 MHZ.

50. Which is the maximum distance at which you might expect

solid VHF contact over flat terrain at FL100?About 120NM.

51. The wavelength of a radio aid is 6,97 cm. Corresponding

frequency and frequency band are 4304 MHz SHF.

52. What is maximum distance at which you can expect strong

VHF reception over flat terrain at FL140? About 140 NM.

53. For the frequency 243 MHz the corresponding wavelength

and frequency band are 1.23 m VHF.

54. Which is the frequency seperation between consecutive

frequencies in the VHF band? 25 kHz.

55. An Automatic Terminal Information Service provides

routine information to arriving and departing aircraft by

means of continuous and repetitive broadcast.

56. What is the correct way of expressing visibility? Visibility

1200 metres.

57. When an aircraft station is unable to establish

communication due to receiver failure, the following

procedure should be undertaken transmit reports at

scheduled times or positions, preceded by the phrase

“TRANSMITTING BLIND DUE TO RECEIVER FAILURE”.

58. How aviation routine weather reports (METAR) of specific

airports are obtained by aircraft in flight? VOLMET.

59. A message preceded by the phrase “TRANSMITTING BLIND

DUE RECEIVER FAILURE” shall be transmitted on the

frequency presently in use.

60. If all attempts to establish radio contact with a ground

station fail, the pilot of an aeroplane shall transmit

messages preceded by the phrase TRANSMITTING BLIND.

61. How is the visibility in an aviation routine weather

report(METAR) expressed in plain language? Up to 5000 m

in metres, above in kilometres.

62. An aircraft is squawking 7600. This indicates it is unable to

establish communication due to radio equipment failure.

63. When shall the pilot of an aircraft experiencing

communications failure keep a watch for instructions

passed by visual signals? When the aircraft is forming part

of aerodrome traffic at a controlled aerodrome.

64. What is the transponder code for radio communication

failure? 7600.

65. When the term “SCATTERED” is used in an aviation routine

weather report (METAR), the amount of clouds covering

the sky is half or less than half (3 or 4 oktas).

66. When transmitting a message preceded by the phrase

“TRANSMITTING BLIND DUE TO RECEIVER FAILURE” during

an en-route flight, the aircraft station shall also advise the

time of next intended transmission.

67. When the term “BROKEN” is used in an aviation routine


the sky is 5 or 7 oktas.

68. Under which of the following circumstances shall an

aircraft station squawk7600? In case of radio

communication failure.

69. An aircraft station fails to establish radio contact with an

aeronautical station on the designated frequency. What

action is required by the pilot? Attempt to establish

contact with the station on an alternative frequency.

70. Theexpression “TRANSMITTING BLIND DUE TO RECEIVER

FAILURE” implies that no answer is expected. It shall be

used by an aircraft station being aware of receiver failure.

71. Which information can aircraft in flight obtain by VOLMET

service? Aviation routine weather reports (METAR) of

specific airports.

72. What action is required by the pilot of an aircraft station if

he/she is unable to establish radio contct with an

aeronautical station? Try torestablish communication

with other aircraft or aeronautical stations.

73. When term “CAVOK” is used in aviation routine weather

report (METAR), the values of visibility and clouds are

visibility 10 km or more, no clouds below 5000 feet/GND.

74. When the term “OVERCAST” is used in an aviation routine


the sky is 100%.

75. What is normally used for ATIS broadcasts? Dicrete VHF

frequency or /and VOR.

76. What is “VOLMET”? Meteorological information for

aircraft in flight.

77. An aircraft in state of emergency shall squawk 7700.

78. What action should be taken by the aircraft station first

receiving a distress message? Immediately acknowledge

the distress message.

79. A distress or Urgency call shall be preceded by the pre-fix

MAYDAY or PAN PAN transmitted three times.

80. A signal sent by radiotelephony consisting of spoken words

“MAYDAY MAYDAY MAYDAY” means imminent danger

threatens the aircraft and immediate assistance required.

81. On hearing an urgency message a pilot shall monitor the

frequency to ensure assisstance if required.

82. The distress message shall contain as many as possible of

these element/details aircraft call sign, nature of distress,

pilots intention, present position, level and heading.

83. An aircraft squawking 7700 indicates to the ground station

that the aircraft is in distress.

84. Which of the following frequencies is an international

emergency frequency? 121,500 MHz.

85. Immediately following the MAYDAY prefix, an aircraft in

distress should transmit the call sign of station

addressed, when it is known and circumstances permit.

86. The distress communication and silence conditions shall be

terminated by transmitting a message. Which words shall

this message include? DISTRESS TRAFFIC ENDED.

87. The frequency used for the first transmission of a MAYDAY

call shall be the frequency currently in use.

88. Under which of the following circumstances shall an

aircraft squawk 7700? In distress.

89. When an aircraft is no longer in distress, it shall transmit a

message cancelling the distress condition. Which words

shall this message include? CANCEL DISTRESS.

90. The frequency 121,500 MHz is designated as an

international emergency frequency.

91. The phrase that is used to identify an urgency call is PAN

PAN PAN PAN PAN PAN.

92. An aircraft transmitting a distress message is required to

give its position as present or last known position,

altitude or level and heading.

93. An urgency message shall be preceded by the radio-

telephony urgency signal PAN PAN, spoken three times.

94. What message shall a station in control of distress use to

impose silence? STOP TRANSMITTING, MAYDAY.

95. An aircraft in distress shall send the following signal by

radiotelephony MAYDAY MAYDAY MAYDAY.

96. A PAN message is defined as follows a condition

concerning the safety of an aircraft or other vehicle, or of

some person on board or within sight, but does not

require immediate assistance.

97. Radio silence can be imposed by an aeronautical station in

case of distress traffic.

98. An urgency call shall consist of following element/details

PAN PAN PAN (on the frequency in use), name of station

addressed, aircraft identification, the nature of urgency

condition, the intention of the person in command.

99. A signal sent by radiotelephony consisting of the spoken

words “PAN PAN PAN PAN PAN PAN” means the aircraft

has a very urgent message to transmit concerning the

safety of a ship, aircraft or other vehicle, but immediate

assistance is not required.

100. Urgency is defined as a condition concerning the safety

of an aircraft othervehicles or of a person on board, but

which does not require immediate assistance.

101. An urgency call should include the following information

callsign of station addressed, aircraft callsign, nature of

emergency condition, intention of the person in

command, position, level and heading.

102. Which frequency shall we use for first transmission of an

urgency call? The air-ground frequency in use at the time.

103. “DISTRESS” is defined as a condition of being threaten by

serious and/or imminent danger and requiring

İMMEDİATE assistance.

104. The condition that defines the state of an aircraft in

imminent danger is referred to as distress.

105. What does the phrase "ROGER" mean? I have received all

of your last transmission.

106. What is radiotelephony call sign suffix for aeronautical

station indicating aerodrome control service? TOWER.

107. RADAR informs aircraft X-BC: "X-BC IDENTIFIED". What

does this mean? Radar identification has been achieved.

108. Before transmitting pilot should listen out on frequency

to ensure no interference with another station already

transmitting will another station already transmitting will

occur.

109. What is the correct way of transmitting the number

13500 to indicate an altitude or cloud height ? One three

thousand five hundred.

110. A "FINAL" call is made when the aircraft turns on to final

approach within ___ from the landing threshold 4 NM

between 4 NM and 8 NM.

111. You are making a long straight in approach to land, at

what range would you make the call "LONG FINAL"?

Between 8 and 4 NM.

112. What does the phrase "READ BACK" mean? Repeat all, or

the specified part, of this message back to me exactly as

received.

113. The information in a message from ATC that has to be

read back by the pilot includes QNH, runway in use.

114. Cherokee XY-ABC receives the following instruction: "X-BC

CLIMB STRAIGHT AHEAD UNTIL 2500 FEET BEFORE

TURNING RIGHT, WIND 270 DEGREES 6 KNOTS, CLEARED

FOR TAKEOFF". What is the correct read back? Straight

ahead, at 2500 feet right turn, cleared for take-off, X-BC.

115. What is the radiotelephony call sign suffix for the

aeronautical station that you would be communicating

with when receiving a radar service on departure?

DEPARTURE.

116. When transmitting time, which time system shall be

used? Co-ordinated universal time (UTC).

117. In order to avoid a CB the pilot wants to turn right to a

magnetic heading of 100 degrees. The correct way to ask

the ATC unit for permission is request right turn, heading

one-zero-zero.

118. Which of these statements best describes the meaning of

the phrase "STANDBY"? Wait and I will call you.

119. A request "WORDS TWICE" means communication is

difficult, please send every word or group of words twice.

120. What is the correct way of spelling out HB-FRO in a radio

message? Hotel Bravo Foxtrot Romeo Oscar.

121. What is the correct way of transmitting 1001 as a QNH?

QNH one zero zero one.

122. Which word should be used to express the meaning of

expression "PERMISSION NOT GRANTED"? NEGATIVE.

123. What does the word "NEGATIVE" mean? Permission not

granted.

124. An aircraft is flying north-east at 2500 feet. TOWER

requests the pilot to report heading and level.What is the

correct response? Heading 045 at 2500 feet.

125. How shall a pilot inform a radar control unit that the

aircraft is not equipped with transponder? NEGATIVE

TRANSPONDER.

126. What does the instruction "VACATE LEFT" mean? Turn

left to leave the runway.

127. RADAR instructs aircraft X-BC: "X-BC SQUAWK IDENT".

What does İt mean? X-BC shall operate the IDENT button.

128. What does the word "REPORT" mean? Pass me the

following information.

129. Which phrase shall be used if you want to say "PASS ME

THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION"? REPORT.

130. Which word shall be used to indicate that an error has

been made in a transmission or message? CORRECTION.

131. What does the phrase "GO AHEAD" mean? Proceed with

your message.

132. What is the phrase "BREAK BREAK" used for?To indicate

the separation between parts of a message or messages.

133. The time is 9:20 AM. What is the correct way of

transmitting this time if there is no possibility of confusion

about the hour? Two zero.

134. The radar controller is transmitting: "CONFIRM SQUAWK".

What does this mean? The controller wants to know

which code is set on the transponder.

135. What does "SQUAWK IDENT" mean?Operate the SSR

transponder "special position identification" feature.

136. How shall pilot ask 4 QFE ? Request Quebec Foxtrot Echo.

137. From your cruising altitude at FL 240 you want to descend

to flight level 100. Your transmission to the radar conroller

will be request descent to flight level one-zero-zero.

138. What is the correct way of transmitting the number 3500

when indicating an altitude or a height? Three thousand

five hundred.

139. RADAR instructs aircraft X-BC: "X-BC SQUAWK STANDBY".

What does this mean? X-BC is requested to switch the

transponder to standby position.

140. RADAR instructs aircraft X-BC: "X-BC RESET SQUAWK

1015". What does this mean? X-BC is requested to

reselect SSR code 1015.

141. In the event that a pilot is required to make a "BLIND"

transmission, this should be made twice on the

designated frequency.

142. What does the word "CORRECTION" mean? An error has

been made in the transmission n the correct version is...

143. Which of the following sequences shows the correct

elements of a position report in the correct order? 1call

sign, 2reported position, 3time of reported position, 4level

or altitude, 5next position, 6ETA of the next position.

144. Which of these phrases is used to inform the control

tower that a pilot is performing a missed approach?

GOING AROUND.

145. What are the consequences of an aircraft with a transmit

button stuck on? No one else can use the frequency.

146. Which word/phrase shall be used to indicate a separation

between portions of a message? BREAK BREAK BREAK.

147. What is radiotelephony call sign for aeronautical station

providing flight information service? INFORMATION.

148. What is the correct way of spelling out HB-JYC in a radio

message? Hotel Bravo Juliett Yankee Charlie.

149. A test call shall not be longer than 10 seconds.

150. What is meant by good microphone technique?Use a

normal conversation tone, speak clearly and distinctly.

151. What is the correct way of spelling out HB-FRO in a radio

message? Hotel Bravo Foxtrot Romeo Oscar.

152. In order to request a readability check in flight you should

use the phrase HOW DO YOU READ.

153. An altitude of 2600 feet is transmitted as two thousand

six hundred feet.

154. Which phrase shall be used if you want to say "YES"?

AFFIRM AFFIRMATIVE.

155. Which of the following abbreviated call signs of aircraft

XY-ABC is correct? X-BC.

156. What does the word "WILCO" mean?I understand your

message and will comply with it.

157. You have been calling a station without getting an

answer. How long time it is recommended to wait at least

before making a second call? 10 sec.

158. With the SSR transponder selected ON and "ALT" (Mode

C) selected, an ATC requests: "FASTAIR 345, VERIFY YOUR

LEVEL". This is to verify the accuracy of the Mode C level

information displayed to the controller.

159. Radar information relating to conflicting traffic should be

given whenever possible in the folllowing from relative

bearing in clock term; distance from; direction of flight of

conflicting traffic and level, type and relative speed (slow

or fast). Relative movement should be described as

crossing, parallel or opposite direction.

160. How shall a pilot inform a radar control unit that the

aircraft is not equipped with transponder?NEGATIVE

TRANSPONDER.

161. When may the name of the location or the call sign suffix

in the call sign of an aeronautical station may be omitted?

When satisfactory communication has been established

and provided it will not be confusing to do so. Only after

the aeronautical station has used the abbreviated call sign.

162. Which word or phrase shall be used if you want to say

"WAIT AND I WILL CALL YOU"? STANDBY.

163. The pilot of an aircraft may abbreviate the aircraft radio

call sign only if it has first been abbreviated by the ground

station and there is no likelihood of confusion.

164. Which phrase shall be used to confirm that a message has

been repeated correctly? CORRECT.

165. A pilot is required to read back the following ATC

messages altimeter settings, airways clearances, SSR

operating instructions, level instructions and any

message when requested by ATC.

166. Aircraft X-BC has been instructed to listen on ATIS

frequency 123.25, on which information are being

broadcast. What is the correct response to indicate that it

will follow this instruction? MONITORING 123.25 X-BC.

167. Regardless of your position, time figures are transmitted

with reference to UTC.

168. Which phraseology is to be used to ask control tower for

permission to taxi on a runway in the direction opposite to

that in use? REQUEST BACKTRACK ON RUNWAY.

169. A time of "11:20" hours is transmitted as one one two

zero or two zero.

170. Select the air traffic service in charge of control of local

traffic, take-offs and landings at an airport TOWER.

171. An aircraft is flying north-east at 2500 feet. TOWER

requests the pilot to report heading and level. What is the

correct response? Heading 045 at 2500 feet.

172. What does the instruction "GO AROUND" mean?Carry out

a missed approach.

173. Which phrase is used if you want to say "I UNDERSTAND

YOUR MESSAGE AND WILL COMPLY WITH IT"? WILCO.

174. How shall a pilot inform the control tower that he is

prepared for take-off? READY FOR DEPARTURE or READY.

175. An aircraft is instructed to hold short of the runway-in-

use. What is the correct phraseology to indicate it will

follow this instruction? HOLDING SHORT. WILCO.

176. When is an aircraft station allowed to use its abbreviated

call sign? After it has been addressed in this manner by

the aeronautical ground station.

177. During the transmission of numbers containing a decimal

point the term DECIMAL must always be transmitted.

178. The phrase "TAKE OFF" shall only be used when an

aircraft is cleared for take-off or, when cancelling a take-

off clearance.

179. ATC clears an aircraft to descend from FL100 to FL80.

What is the correct read back by the pilot? LEAVING FL100

DESCENDING TO FL80. DESCENDING TO FL80

180. The time "1400 UTC" is transmitted as one four zero zero.

181. The phrase used by the ATC to instruct you to listen out

on a frequency is MONITOR. CONTACT

182. When ATC asks the pilot "ARE YOU ABLE TO MAINTAIN

FL80?" the correct reply is AFFIRM or NEGATIVE.

183. Which phrase shall be used if the repetition of an entire

message is required? SAY AGAIN.

184. What does the phrase "SQUAWK 1234" mean? Select

code 1234 on the SSR transponder.

185. How should a pilot terminate the read-back of an ATC

clearance? With his own aircraft call sign.

186. My message will be more effective and understandable if

I maintain the speaking volume at a constant level.

187. Which of the following abbreviated call signs of Cherokee

XY-ABC is correct? Cherokee BC Cherokee X-BC.

188. Which phrase shall be used if you want to say "I WOULD

LIKE TO KNOW" or "I WISH TO OBTAIN"? REQUEST.

189. In VHF communications the following words or phrases

are not normally used OUT and OVER.

190. What does the word "MONITOR" mean? Listen out on

frequency…

191. What does the instruction "ORBIT RIGHT" mean? Make

360° turns to the right.

192. What is the correct way to transmit and read back

frequency 120,375 MHz (VHF channel separated by 25

kHz)? One two zero decimal three seven five.

193. What is the radiotelephony call sign for the aeronautical

station providing surface movement control of an aircraft

on the manoeuvring area? GROUND.

194. Shall an ATC route clearance always be read back? Yes,

unless authorized otherwise by ATS authority concerned.

195. Which phrase is used to say "AN ERROR HAS BEEN MADE

IN THIS TRANSMISSION (or message indicated). CORRECT

VERSION IS"?QNH 1017, CORRECTION, QNH 1016.

196. The time is 4:15 PM. What is the correct way of

transmitting this time if there is any possibility OF

CONFUSION bout the hour? One six one five.

197. If a pilot receives an instruction from ATC which cannot

be carried out, reply should use UNABLE TO COMPLY.

198. When aircraft registration marking is used as a call-sign,

your first contact with a station shall be in the following

form all characters of the aircraft registration marking.

199. Which elements of instructions or information shall

always be read back? Runway-in-use, altimeter settings,

SSR codes, level instructions, heading and speed

instructions.

200. What is radiotelephony call sign suffix for aeronautical

station providing clearance delivery?. DELIVERY.

201. On the readability scale what does "READABILITY 1"

mean? Unreadable.


mean? Readable now and then.


mean? Readable but with difficulty.


mean? Readable.


mean? Perfectly readable.

206. How should aircraft XY-ABC call Stephenville TOWER on

initial call? Stephenville TOWER XY-ABC.

207. When an aircraft station receives the call “ALL STATIONS,

STEPHENVILLE RADAR, STOP TRANSMITTING, MAYDAY” it

is requested not 2 interfere with distress communication.

208. Aircraft XY-ABC is making a test transmission with

Stephenville TOWER on frequency 118,7. What is the

correct phrasing for this transmission? Stephenville

TOWER XY-ABC radio check 118,7.

209. How should aircraft XY-ABC call Stephenville TOWER on

initial call? Stephenville TOWER XY-ABC.

210. When an aircraft station receives the call “ALL STATIONS,

STEPHENVILLE RADAR, DISTRESS TRAFFIC ENDED” it is

requested to resume normal communication with

Stephenville RADAR.

211. Aircraft X-BC has been instructed to contact Stephenville

TOWER on frequency 118,7. What is the correct response

to indicate that it will follow this instructon? 118,7 X-BC.

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