comets asteroids meteors wilson 2013 with foldable
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Comets, Asteroids, and Meteors- Oh My!
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Comets
• BrainPop
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Comets
• Description: Cold clumps of gases and dusty ice from the outer parts of the solar system
• Comet means long haired star
• Called “Dirty Snowballs”
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Comet
• 3 parts:– Nucleus
– Coma
– Tail: always points away from sun
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Comet
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Parts Explained
• Nucleus – mass of ice and frozen gas
• Coma – cloud of gas that surrounds the nucleus
• Tail – formed when the comet travels near the sun; it’s the nucleus vaporizing
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Comet Orbits
• Comets have long, narrow elliptical orbits
• Short period comets are found in the Kuiper Belt
• Long period comets are found in the Oort Cloud
• Sometimes, comets get too close to the sun, and then…
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NASA
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Famous Comets
Hale- Bopp
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Comet Hyakutake
1996
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In 1994, Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 collided with Jupiter.
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Asteroid
• BrainPop
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Asteroids
• Description: Rocky remains from the formation of the solar system
• Notable Asteroids:– Ceres – now a dwarf planet, only one in the
asteroid belt– Vesta – can be seen without a telescope
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Asteroids
• Composition:– Rocky, iron, or rocky-iron
• Location/Orbit:– Asteroid Belt – between Mars and Jupiter– Trojans – orbit with a planet– Near Earth Asteroids – cross the Earth’s orbit
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Asteroid Belt
The region between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, where many asteroids are found.
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Asteroids
• Size: Varies from a few hundred feet to a few hundred miles
• Jupiter’s relationship with asteroids:– Scientists believe the asteroid belt is the remains of
a planet that never formed because of Jupiter’s gravity
• Evidence asteroids have hit planets: – Impact craters like the one thought to have caused
the dinosaur extinction
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Asteroids…
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Asteroids Summary
• Not all asteroids are located in the asteroids belt and can pass near Earth
• Jupiter’s gravity kept the asteroids from forming a planet
• Some asteroids orbit just before and after Jupiter
• Largest asteroid, Ceres, is 580 mi across but most are less than a few miles across
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Asteroid Impacts Summary
• Scientists think an asteroid impact near Mexico caused the dinosaur extinction.
• Chicxulub Crater in Mexico
• Video
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http://www.mnh.si.edu/
Asteroid Impact crater in Canada
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Meteors
• Video
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Meteors
• Description: Rocky or metal debris in space; most no bigger than a pebble
• Meteoroid: a small chunk of rock or dust in space
• Meteor: a streak of light in the sky produced by the burning of a meteoroid in Earth’s atmosphere
• Meteorite: a meteoroid that has hit Earth’s surface
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Meteoroids
• Meteoroids are small chunks of rock and dust left over from asteroids and comets that pass by the Earth.
• Composition: rocky, iron, or mixed
• Location/orbit: Found within the path of the Earth’s orbit around the sun.
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Meteoroids
• Types:– Stony– Iron– Stony-Iron
• Meteor Shower: yearly predictable meteors when Earth passes through comet or asteroid debris
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Meteors
• 3 types:
• Meteor: a streak of light in the sky produced by the burning of a meteoroid in Earth’s atmosphere
• Meteoroid: a chunk of rock or dust in space
• Meteorite: a meteoroid that has hit Earth’s surface
Meteor Impact Crater in Arizona.
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Meteors…
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