commingled recycling composition aor winter forum march 16, 2011 peter spendelow oregon department...
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Commingled Recycling Composition
AOR Winter ForumMarch 16, 2011
Peter SpendelowOregon Department of Environmental Quality
Field work by Sky Valley Associates
Composition of Commingled RecyclablesBefore and After Processing
A study of materials at 5 Oregon processing facilities
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Commingled Recycling Composition
Study goals:
• Obtain information for the Oregon Commingled Recycling Systems Improvement Workgroup
• Inbound Recycling– Determine the mix of materials received– Types and quantities of contaminants
• Outbound Recycling (after processing)– Evaluate sorting effectiveness for each material
entering the facilities– Evaluate contamination of different commodities
produced by the facilities
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Commingled Recycling Composition
Great help received from all 5 facility operators:
• Far West Fibers Hillsboro• Far West Fibers Portland• KB Recycling• Oregon Recycling Systems• SP Recycling
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Commingled Recycling Composition
Inbound recycling:
• 150 samples spread across all facilities• Samples each of 4 seasons• Residential, Commercial, Transfer Trailers• 48 separate material categories
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Commingled Recycling Composition
Contamination levels of inbound commingled materials:
• About 9-10% contaminants by weight• Commercial contamination slightly higher than
residential• Roll cart contamination same as 2004/05 study
but more roll carts now meaning more contamination (and more recyclables too)
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Commingled Recycling Composition
Contamination levels of inbound commingled materials:
2.0% Paper not recyclable at the curb– Paper towel, freezer boxes, cigarette packs,
cups, fast food items, mixed paper/materials.
2.9% Plastic not recyclable at the curb– 1.0% film (includes some intended for recycling)– 1.9% rigid plastics
1.0% Glass (may be underestimated)
0.3% Large metal items
1.2% Bagged garbage
2.0% Other nonrecyclables
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Commingled Recycling Composition
Film Plastic in Inbound Commingled Recycling:
Average 90% Conf. Interval
Film: All Samples 1.05% (0.65-1.45%)
Film: Excluding 3 samples 0.66% (0.54-0.79%)
Recyclable Polyolefin Film 0.25% (0.20-0.30%)
Nonrecyclable Plastic Film 0.41% (0.29-0.53%)
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Commingled Recycling Composition
Outbound recycling:
• Sampled each facility twice, 6 months apart• 2 separate days of sampling for each period at
each facility• Sampled each outgoing recyclable commodity and
disposal stream• 261 samples total• Overall, 92-94% of incoming recyclable material
ends up properly sorted and marketed• Some less common materials have poorer sorting
accuracy
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Commingled Recycling Composition
Incoming newspaper-compatible paper goes out as:
Material Percent
Newspaper 94.93%
Cardboard 1.58%
Other Paper 1.85%
Containers and metal 0.15%
Glass / film / garbage 1.49%
Total rigorously sorted: 96.78%
Newspaper-compatible paper is 53% of incoming material
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Commingled Recycling Composition
Incoming corrugated cardboard/brown paper goes out as:
Material Percent
Cardboard 88.35%
Newspaper 6.96%
Other Paper 3.93%
Containers and metal 0.03%
Glass / film / garbage 0.72%
Total rigorously sorted: 92.29%
Cardboard/brown paper is 23% of incoming material
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Commingled Recycling Composition
Incoming recyclable plastic containers go out as:
Material Percent
Plastic containers 84.22%
Newspaper 11.60%
Cardboard/Other Paper 2.27%
Metal 0.50%
Glass / film / garbage 1.40%
Total rigorously sorted: 84.22%
Recyclable plastic containers are 4.8% of incoming material
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Commingled Recycling Composition
Incoming tinned/steel cans go out as:
Material Percent
Tinned/steel cans 84.89%
Scrap Metal 1.00%
Newspaper 9.05%
Cardboard/Other Paper 1.59%
Plastic/aluminum 0.57%
Glass / film / garbage 2.90%
Total rigorously sorted: 85.89%
Tinned/steel cans are 2.6% of incoming material
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Commingled Recycling Composition
Incoming aluminum cans go out as:
Material Percent
Aluminum 66.95%
Scrap Metal 0.07%
Newspaper 22.27%
Cardboard/Other Paper 4.43%
Plastic/other metals 3.02%
Glass / film / garbage 3.26%
Total rigorously sorted: 67.02%
Aluminum cans are 0.3% of incoming material
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Commingled Recycling Composition
Incoming aluminum foil goes out as:
Material Percent
Aluminum 24.88%
Scrap Metal 9.10%
Newspaper 40.27%
Cardboard/Other Paper 3.89%
Plastic/other metals 4.89%
Glass / film / garbage 16.97%
Total rigorously sorted: 33.98%
Aluminum foil is 0.1% of incoming material
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Commingled Recycling Composition
Incoming gable-top cartons go out as:
Material Percent
Newspaper 39.12%
Cardboard 29.99%
Other Paper 25.64%
Plastic/Metals 0.46%
Glass / film / garbage 4.80%
Total rigorously sorted: 25.64%
Gable-top cartons are 0.24% of incoming material
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Commingled Recycling Composition
Incoming film plastic goes out as:
Material Percent
Newspaper 19.12%
Cardboard 3.35%
Other Paper 0.42%
Plastic/Metals 1.24%
Glass / film / garbage 75.86%
Total rigorously sorted: 75.86%
Film plastic is roughly 0.7% of incoming material
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Commingled Recycling Composition
Incoming other rigid plastic goes out as:
Material Percent
Newspaper 23.46%
Cardboard/other paper 5.53%
Recyclable plastic containers 38.20%
Metals 2.03%
Glass / film / garbage 30.78%
Total rigorously sorted: 30.78%
Other rigid plastic is roughly 1.5% of incoming material
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Commingled Recycling Composition
Summary
Contact information Peter Spendelow, [email protected] 503-229-5253
• About 9-10% of the commingled material collected for recycling are materials that should not have been set out.
• This is higher contamination than was true for curbside programs in 2005.
• This is due to the increased use of roll carts since 2005, but newer roll cart programs have less contamination than was true in 2005.
• 92-94% of all recyclable material ended up being properly sorted and recycled.
• Less common materials had poorer sorting rates.• 84% of recyclable plastic containers were properly sorted. 16%
went mostly to paper mills where they were disposed of.• Aluminum cans, aluminum foil, and beverage cartons were poorly
sorted, but were only a small amount of the total material.• Over 75% of the film plastic was removed by sorting.
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Commingled Recycling Composition
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Oregon Bottle Bill
Disposal, Recycling, and Redemption(in millions of containers: 2005 data/estimates)
Material Name Disposed RecycledNot redeemed
Redeemed Total%
recycled
DepositBeer & soft drink
258 63 1163 1481 82.8%
Water 125 60 186 32.6%
Juice/tea/other 126 54 180 30.1%
Milk 44 37 81 46.1%
Wine 12 26 38 69.6%
Liquor 9 7 17 44.3%
Total no-deposit 316 178 514 37.0%
Department of Environmental Quality February 19, 2009 Testimony on HB 2184