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NDONESIA’S COMMITMENT IN ACHIEVING
Sustainable
Development Goals
in Forestry Sector
I
Tokyo, 18 May, 2018
Dr. Riva Rovani
Forestry Attaché
Indonesian Embassy in Tokyo
ndonesia’s orest rea FOREST
FUNCTION
Hectare (ha) Percentage
Conservation Forest (HK)
27.431.236 21,8 %
Protected Forest
29.680.475,37 23,6 %
Limited Production Forest
26.788.626,01 21,3 %
Production Forest
29.247.693,1 23,2 %
Convertible Production Forest (HPK)
12.808.111,24 10,2 %
Total 125.956.142,71 100,00%
66% of Indonesia’s land area
(125.956.142,71 ha)
Indonesia’s land area: 191.357.868 Ha
(https://www.bps.go.id) I F A Protected Forest (HL)
23,6%
Conservation Forest (HK)
21,8%
Production Forest (HP) 24%
Limited Production Forest (HPT)
21,3%
Convertible Production Forest (HPK)
10,2%
Indonesia: Mega Diverse Country
10% of the world’s flowering species (25,000 flowering
plants); 12% of the world’s mammals (515 species) , 16%
of the world’s reptiles (781 species) including 35 species
of primate , 17% of the total species of birds (1,592
species) and 270 species of amphibians.
Sustainable Development Goals in Indonesia
The Goals of Sustainable Development in Indonesia are the development that maintain: 1. The sustainability of community social life
2. The improvement of people's economic welfare
3. The environmental quality
4. The development that ensures justice and the implementation of governance
SDGs in Indonesia:
17 Goals
94 Global Target
319 Indicators of National
Goals
Perpres 59/2017
Implementation to achieve Sustainable Development Goals
Involvement
and
collaborion
with local
communities
Financially
supported
Guidance and
supervision
Coordination
and
collaboration
among
institutions /
sectors
MODEL IMPLEMENTATION of
MULTIPURPOSE FOREST
Agroforestry
Silvopasture
Environmental services
Plantation Forests
Production natural forests
Environmental services
Ecotourisms
etc.
Products: Wood and non Wood
Food security
Products : Food and
Farms
Energy security
Products: Biomass (Fire wood, Wood
Pellet, Charcoal), Biodiesel & Bioetanol
Water Security
Water Balance
Soil stability
Integrated supply
chain among
Forest product,
Agriculture
products, industry
and marketing
Improvement of
people welfare
Contribution on
CO2 emission
reduction
Contribution on
National Income
Contribution on
Environmental
sustainability
Climate security
Reducing CO2 emmission
Climate change mitigation
DIAGRAM OF MULTI USE / MULTI PURPOSE OF FORESTS
Water becomes enabling
condition to support energy
and food availability; and vice
versa.
Supply and assets of these
three aspects depend heavily
on the condition of forest
resources.
Forests have an important role
in supporting sustainable
development
FORESTS IN NEXUS OF WATER, FOOD AND ENERGY
FOREST POSITION ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
• Goal 15: Protect, restore and
promote sustainable use of
terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably
manage forests, combat
desertification, and halt and
reverse land degradation and halt
biodiversity loss.
• Within the framework of SDGs,
forest resources become one of the
core components of Goal 15, The
Life on Land
• The role of forestry in Goal 15 also
supports the achievement of other
goals.
Social Forestry
City Forest
Medicines
Forest Concessions
Forest Products Ecotourism Destination
Biodiversity Utilization
Agrarian Reform
Social Forestry
Indonesian
Timber
Legality
System (TLAS) Forest
Resources
INDONESIA’S MAIN PROGRAMS AND APPROACHES
TO ACHIEVE SDGs ON FORESTRY SECTOR
Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation
Social/Community Forestry
Indonesian Timber Legality Assurance System (TLAS)
Ecosystem Restoration of Production Forest
Forest Management Unit (FMU)
Forest
Resources
NGOs
4 (four) Forestry Sector Action Programs in NDC Mitigation:
1. Reduce deforestation (< 0,45 ha- 0,325 Mha/year in 2030) and forest degradation.
2. Improve the implementation of Sustainable Forest Management principles, both in natural forests and in plantations.
3. Rehabilitation of 12 million ha of degraded land by 2030 or 800,000 ha / year with survival rates of 90%.
4. Restoration of 2 million ha of peat in 2030 with a success rate of 90%. Noted : (forest and land fires management is included)
Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation
30% caused by forest fire
FOREST AREAS NON FOREST AREAS
Year
Def
ore
stat
ion
Rat
e (M
illio
n H
ect
ar)
TOTAL
INDONESIA’S DEFORESTATION TREND (NETTO) IN 1990-2016
Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation
• Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) action programs of forest mitigation sector. • Establishing 6 forest areas utilization categories in the National Forestry Plan 2011 –
2030. • Continuing of Moratorium of New License on Primary And Peat Forest Policy (PIPIB
XIII). • Restriction on Forestland conversion for unproductive Convertible Production Forestland
Only (GR. 104/2015 concerning Procedures for Changing Forest Area Allocation and Function).
• Only palm oil produced from non forestland will be granted ISPO certificate. • Encouraging collaboration between communities and Forest concessions and Forest
Management Unit.
GOVERNMENT POLICIES ON REDUCING DEFORESTATION (1)
Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation
• Combating forest and land fires by establishing the Brigdalkarhutla organization at the FMU level
• Establishment of Directorate General of Forestry and Environment Law Enforcement
• Development of Social Forestry Programs to improve people welfare and to resolve forest tenure conflicts (12.7 Million ha)
• Mandatory sustainable forest management certification for Forest Concessions
• Participatory Gazettment mechanism of forest area boundaries.
Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation
GOVERNMENT POLICIES ON REDUCING DEFORESTATION (2)
MORATORIUM OF NEW LICENSE ON PRIMARY AND PEAT FOREST (PIPPIB)
69,144
65,374
65,281
64,796
64,677
64,701 64,125
64,088
65,015
65,086
65,278
66.442
66.339
63,000
64,000
65,000
66,000
67,000
68,000
69,000
70,000
PIPPIB PIPPIB I PIPPIB II PIPPIB III PIPPIB IV PIPPIB V PIPPIB VI PIPPIBVII
PIPPIBVIII
PIPPIB IX PIPPIB X PIPPIB XI PIPPIBXII
Mora
tori
um
Are
a (
thousa
nd h
a)
PIPPIB Moratorium Area
(Thousand Ha)
PIPPIB 69.144
PIPPIB I 65.374
PIPPIB II 65.281
PIPPIB III 64.796
PIPPIB IV 64.677
PIPPIB V 64.701
PIPPIB VI 64.125
PIPPIB VII 64.088
PIPPIB VIII 65.015
PIPPIB IX 65.086
PIPPIB X 65.278
PIPPIB XI 66.442
PIPPIB XII 66.339
2015-2017
Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation
FOREST AND LAND FIRES IN 2015, 2016, 2017
* Data until October 2017
2.611.411
1.720.136
891.275
438.363
340.576
97.787
150.457
137.095
13,362
Are
as
(Hecta
r)
Peat Mineral
Year
Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation
Chronology of Forestry Reform
5 6
PP 7/90
PP 28/11
Suspension of New Permits
on Nat. Forests, Peat
Forest Plantations
can be on Natural
Forests
Principle::
•Sustainable use
•People-centered
•Equitability
•Synchronized
•Openess
•Integrated
Revocation of Local
Government’s
Authority Control
Protection and sustainable
use of species
• Macro & Micro Delineation
• Giving access for local/customary
communities
• Prudence in permit issuance in
natural forests and conversion
• Accelaration of Rehabilitation and
Planting (One Billion Trees)
• Tighter law enforcement
• Forest tenure
PP 34/02
PP 6/07
jo PP 3/08
UU 22/99 jo 32/04
PP 68/98
Law 5/67 Law 41/99
Forest Plantation
only on non
productive areas,
grasslands
Basic Forestry
Law
Conservation of
Living Resources and
Their Ecosystems
Law 5/90
Concerning
conservation area
management
District Head’s
Authority for Timber
Permits
1 2 3 4
1997/1998
Direction of
Change
2009
President’s
Commitment 26%
(41%)
7
Presidential
Instruction
10/11
16
Community Based
Forestry
8
Presidential
Instruction
08/2015
9
Extension
2016
15 Nov 2016 The First
FLEGT -Lisence
Gov’t Regulation
71/2014 & 57/2016
Protection and Management of Peat Ecosystem
11
Ministrial Decree No. 22 / 2017
Allocation of 12,7 Million Ha of
Forest Area for Social Forestry
R e f o r m
10
Launching of Customary
Community Forests
Dec 2016
Social/Community Forestry
Social/Community Forestry
“ESTABLISHING 12,7 MILLION HECTARES (REVISION: 4,38 JUTA ) FOR
COMMUNITIES: COPING WITH SOCIAL PROBLEMS” FOR 2015-2019
Addressing stakeholders’ interests
The objective is for improving local people’s living conditions
The existence of a well-defined tenure system
Institutional arrangements that ensure equity and equality among parties
Mechanisms for providing funds and other resources
Communities’ welfare improve communities’
access to forest to 10% of total forest area (closing the gap between forest
companies and communities)
Social/Community Forestry
HD (hutan desa, village forest)
state forest managed by village and ulitized for village welfare
HKm (hutan kemasyarakatan, community forest)
state forest managed by farmer group primarily intended for community empowerment
HTR (hutan tanaman rakyat, people forest plantation)
state forest managed by individual or farmer group intended to increase potential & quality of production forest by applying silviculture practices to ensure sustainability of forest resources
Kemitraan (partnership)
partnership between local community and forest management unit, holders of forest utilization/service license, forest use license or primary forest industry license.
HA (hutan adat, customary forest)
forest within area of customary community
Social forestry schemes
HKm KTH Bina Wana Lestari (Lampung Barat District) Income contribution from HKm: 47,81%
800,000 ha can produce 4
million m3 bamboo equals to
$3.2 billion/year
HKm Kalibiru Yogyakarta
Ecotourism IDR 100 million/month
HA – Rumbio customary forest
Farmer’s income : IDR 7 million/month
HTR Trans SP1 (rubber) Singkawang
District Contribution to income 39,83%
Social/Community Forestry
SVLK (TLAS = Timber Legality Assurance System) AS A SHIFTING PARADIGM
FROM COMBATING
ILLEGAL LOGGING AND
ASSOCIATED TRADE
TO
PROMOTING LEGAL
TIMBER TRADE
Indonesian Timber Legality Assurance System (TLAS)
Indonesia’s timber legality assurance system or the SVLK (Sistem Verifikasi Legalitas Kayu) was developed to ensure sustainability of Indonesia’s forests by promoting legal trade of timber. This system was developed since 2001 through multi-stakeholders consultations involving civil society, the government and the private sector. The SVLK provides incentives for legality and sustainability by promoting market access for verified legal products and blocking market access for illegal products.
ITLAS/SVLK Development & FLEGT-VPA Progress
2001 Bali FLEG
Declaration
2003-2009 SVLK Development
2009 Forestry
Regulation on SVLK
2012 Trade
Regulation on SVLK
2013 SILK online
2011 Negotiation Concluded
2013 Signing RI-EU
FLEGT-VPA EUTR Take into Force
2014
EU Ratification
2014 FLEGT-VPA Ratification
Import Regulation
2007 RI-EU FLEGT-VPA
initiated
15 Nov 2016 FLEGT Licensing
2015 Joint Declaration
on SVLK Acceleration 23 March 2015
Indonesian Timber Legality Assurance System (TLAS)
WHAT IS TIMBER LEGALITY ? “Indonesian timber is deemed legal when its origin and production process as well as subsequent processing, transport and trade activities are verified as meeting all
applicable Indonesian laws and regulations”
LEGAL WOOD is :
1. wood harvested legally
2. wood transported legally
3. wood produced from legal process
4. Wood sold/marketed legally
Legal in
harvesting Legal in
transporting
Legal in
Producing Process
legal
bussines
unit
Legal in
Marketing
} Indonesia have “SI-PUHH Online” system for log administration based on stakeholder monitoring,
realtime monitoring, good forestry governance
Indonesian Timber Legality Assurance System (TLAS)
Indonesian TLAS is a system that ensures that all timber is harvested, transported, manufactured and
traded comes from legal sources, and in full compliance with the Indonesia laws. It’s cover all node of
timber production included Forest Management Unit, Timber Industries and also Timber Depo.
Indonesian Timber Legality Assurance System (TLAS)
To tackle illegal logging and associate trade promote legal wood trade.
To support sustainable economic development.
To conserve uniquely mega-biodiversity in Indonesia and address climate change (REDD+)
To support poverty eradication
Good Governance
Representativeness
Transparency (Credibility)
Indonesian Timber Legality Assurance System (TLAS)
Acceptance of Indonesia FLEGT License for Timber Products of by Minister of Foreign Affairs
Brussels, 30 November 2016
First Shipment using FLEGT Licence to Antwerp 15 November 2016
First Trial Shipment Timber Export to Antwerp using V-legal, 23 October 2012
FLEGT License Celebration 24 November 2016
Indonesian Timber Legality Assurance System (TLAS)
Ecosystem Restoration of Production Forest
• Ecosystem Restoration (ER) as new paradigm of Forest Production Management
• Ecosystem Restoration on production forest (IUPHHK-RE) is one form of forest utilization of logged-over area (LOA).
• IUPHHK- RE/ERC is an effort to restore the degraded area of production forests through a system called Indonesia Selective Cutting and Planting to be closer to its natural conditions, structure, composition and the level of biodiversity.
• ERC contributes to carbon emission reduction and carbon stock enhancement because ERC includes rehabilitation, conservation and preservation.
• ERC in natural forests is one of its kind and implemented only in Indonesia
ER Concessions in Indonesia are areas where private companies have acquired the rights for ecosystem restoration in state production forests through a formal license.
The license holders can conduct business activities using the forests, other than logging and establishing industrial timber plantations, for a term of 60 years.
The activities are expected to contribute to the restoration of degraded natural forests.
For foreign private actors who are interested in the conservation of tropical rainforest, ERC license holders can be good partners, as they have exclusive legal right to conserve natural forests over large areas over a long term.
Ecosystem Restoration of Production Forest
ERC is multi-business and multi-product activities :
• Forest areas utilization: cultivation of medicinal plants, mushrooms, sylvopastura, agroforestry;
• Non timber forest product (NTFP):
a. Rattan, sago, bamboo
b. Resin, bark, leaves, fruit/seedling, eaglewood
• Environmental services: utilization of water flow water utilization natural/ecotourism, biodiversity conservation, environmental protection, carbon absorption and carbon storage
Ecosystem Restoration of Production Forest
Ecosystem Restoration of Production Forest
Financing sources of the ERC: State Budget (APBN), Private sectors, NGOs
Forest Management Unit (FMU)
A Forest Management Unit (FMU) or
"Kesatuan Pengelolaan Hutan" is:
A public service provider under the
responsibility of central, regional and
district authorities
An operational unit of manageable and
controllable size predominantly covered by
forests
A legally established permanent entity with
clearly demarcated forest boundaries.
The FMU has clear economic, social and ecological management
objectives stipulated by long-term management plans, annual work and
business plans closely related to the main forest functions (e.g. protected
forest, production forest).
REGENCY A
REGENCY B
KPHP
KPHK
KPHK
KPHL
TN
HP
CA
TB
HL
HL
HP
HL
TN
HL
KPHL
Forest Management Unit (FMU)
Forest estate in Indonesia will be divided into FMU units (currently 692 FMUs)
Protection & Production FMUs (local gov’t); Conservation FMU (central gov’t)
Declared by Minister of Environment and Forestry
Central, provincial & district governments are responsible for FMU development and infrastructures
Funded by APBN, APBD, other sources
Unlicensed Area
IUPHHK-HA
IUPHHK-HT
HTR
HKM HD
Utilization in Unlicensed Area
On-farm Utilization
Direct Utilization
Reclamation and Rehabilitation
Partnership :
Direct Investment
Capital Sharing
Community Empowerment
Cooperation
Issues in Unlicensed Area: Forest Utilization Scheme
Forest Management Unit (FMU)
Forest Management Unit (FMU)
Agroforestry Non-Timber Forest Products
Non-Timber Forest Products Eco-Tourism
36
KPHP Unit VII (UPTD
KPH Wilayah VII Hulu
Sarolangun)
1. Air terjun “Talun sakti,
2. Goa Calau Petak
KPHP Unit II Murung Raya
1. Air Terjun Bumbun
KPHP Unit XII Berau
Barat
1. Air Terjun Lalut
sawa
UPTD KPH Wilayah V
Boalemo
1. Air Terjun Ayuhulalo
KPHP Sorong
1. Air terjun Asbaken,
2. Batu Lobang
KPHP Batulanteh
1. Wisata Alam Embung Pernek,
2. Air Terjun Ai Ketimis Pernek)
KPHP Manggarai Barat
1. Air Terjun Cunca Wulang
2. Goa RAngko
3. Danau Sano Nggoang
KPHP Banawa Lalundu
1. Air Terjun Loli
Tosaburi
KPHP Sivia
Patuju
1. Air Terjun
Kajouw
KPHP Kendilo
1. Wisata Riam Siteru,
2. Camping Ground
KPHP Timor Tengah Utara
1.Arena Pacuan kuda
Tanjung Bastian
2.Pantai Tanjung Bastian
DIS
TR
IBU
TIO
N O
F
EN
VIR
ON
ME
NTA
L S
ER
VIC
ES
IN
FO
RE
ST
PR
OD
UC
TIO
N F
OR
ES
TS
NUMBER OF FOREST MANAGEMENT UNIT ESTABLISHED IN EACH PROVINCE
PROVINCE FOREST MANAGEMENT UNIT/FMU
(UNIT) PROVINCE FOREST MANAGEMENT UNIT/FMU
(UNIT)
KPHL KPHP TOTAL KPHL KPHP TOTAL
ACEH 6 0 6 DI YOGYAKARTA 0 1 1
NORTH SUMATERA 14 19 33 BALI* 4 0 4
RIAU 2 30 32 WEST NUSA TENGGARA 11 12 23
RIAU ARCHIPELAGO 1 5 6 EAST NUSA TENGGARA* 13 9 22 WEST SUMATERA 7 4 11 NORTH SULAWESI* 2 4 6
SOUTH SUMATERA 10 14 24 CENTRAL SULAWESI 5 16 21
BABEL ARCHIPELAGO 2 11 13 SOUTH SULAWESI* 13 9 22
JAMBI 1 16 17 SOUTHEAST SULAWESI 10 15 25 BENGKULU 5 2 7 WEST SULAWESI 10 3 13
LAMPUNG 10 7 17 GORONTALO 3 4 7
WEST KALIMANTAN* 3 14 17 MALUKU 5 17 22
CENTRAL KALIMANTAN 4 29 33 NORTH MALUKU 5 11 16
EAST KALIMANTAN 1 19 20 WEST PAPUA 6 16 22
NORTH KALIMANTAN 3 11 14 PAPUA 25 31 56
SOUTH KALIMANTAN 4 7 11 TOTAL 185 336 521
MANAGEMENT OF FOREST AT SITE LEVEL IS CARRIED OUT BY ESTABLISHING FOREST MANAGEMENT UNIT
Forest Management Unit (FMU)
CHALLENGES ON SDGs
Insufficient policy support & incentives
Complicated procedures
Lack of facilitations
Limited number of extension
worker
Lack capacity of local institutions
Lack capacity of human resource
Limited financial access
Limited market & information
access
High transaction
costs
Cooperation with governments:
• Demonstration Activities (such as REDD Projects, Conservation
Projects) Ministry, local governments, FMU, National Parks
• Social/Community Forestry Schemes (Village Forest, Community
Forest, People Forest Plantation, Partneship and Customary Forest)
• Ecosystem Restoration Concession Holders (16 companies)
• Forest Management Units (+692 FMUs)
Partnership: Private Sectors, Civil Societies; Public Sectors, International and local NGOs, Academicians
MoEF COOPERATION WITH NGOS FOR CONSERVATION IN INDONESIA (1)
No. Organization
Names
Basis of Cooperation Scopes Cooperation Areas
1. Conservation
International
Biodiversity and Sustainable
Natural Resources
Management
conservation efforts at habitat, ecosystem and landscape levels; in situ
ex-situ conservation efforts; conservation area management and
biodiversity conservation at local, national and international levels;
Increasing institutional and human resource capacity
NAD Sumatera Utara, Kepulauan Riau, Jawa
Barat, Banten, Bali, Papua Barat, Papua
2. Fauna & Flora
International
Biodiversity Preservation
and Conservation
Conservation efforts; Skill development and capacity building; technical
assistance, Develop a strategy for sustainable financing for biodiversity
conservation; Provide contributions to national and regional strategies
and planning for the conservation of biodiversity and their ecosystems.
NAD, Bengkulu, Jambi, Sumatera Barat, Riau,
Kalimantan Barat, Kalimantan Tengah, Jawa
Tengah, NTB, Papua Barat
3. Frankfurt
Zoological Society
Wild Animal Conservation
and its habitat
Sumatran Orangutan Conservation; Monitoring wildlife; Protection of
wildlife habitats; Mitigation of wildlife conflict; Community
conservation and awareness about conservation; Community
development
Riau, Jambi
4. Orangutan
Foundation
International
Orangutan Conservation
and its habitat
Protection of orangutan habitat; Rehabilitation and release of
orangutans; Research and monitoring of orangutan populations.
Kalimantan Tengah
5. Orangutan
Foundation (OF-
UK)
Sustainable Orangutan
Conservation and its
habitat
Biodiversity Conservation; capacity building; develop database and
information management system for the conservation of orangutans
and its habitats; Community Empowerment; Promotion of research
and education
Kalimantan Tengah
No. Organization
Names
Basis of Cooperation Scopes Cooperation Areas
6. Paneco
Foundation
Biodiversity in Sumatera Capacity Building, Promotion on International Funds for wildlife
conservation, promotion of sustainable land-use; community
empowerment
NAD, Jambi, Sumatera Utara
7. RARE Capacity Building on
Biodiversity
Conservation
Capacity Building; Campaign for biodiversity conservation, local
community empowerment
8. The Zoological
Society of
London
Conservation on
Endangered Species
and its habitat
Capacity Building, improvement of the effectiveness on
endangered and threatened animals management (in-situ and
ex-situ)
Jambi, Sumatera Selatan, Sumatera
Barat, Jambi, Bengkulu, Lampung,
Banten, Jawa Timur, Kalimantan Timur,
Kalimantan Barat
9. The Wildlife
Conservation
Society
Wildlife Conservation
and its Habitat
Wildlife conservation and management; wildlife protection;
research and training; local community empowerment
NAD, Sumatera Utara, Sumatera Barat,
Sumatera Selatan, Bengkulu, Lampung,
Prov. DKI Jakarta, Jawa Barat, Jawa
Tengah, Bali, Sulawesi Utara, Gorontalo,
Maluku, Utara
10 The Aspinall
Foundation
Conservation and
Endangered and
threatened with
extinction Animals
Preservation of Java endemic primate species (Hylobates
moloch, Trachypithecus auratus, spp, and Presbytis comate)
and North Sulawesi (Macaca nigra) and their habitat; Primate
species conservation activities; Capacity building; Support of
other rare and endangered wildlife conservation programs
Jawa Barat, Jawa Timur, Sulawesi Utara
MoEF COOPERATION WITH NGOS FOR CONSERVATION IN INDONESIA (2)
OPPORTUNITIES OF COOPERATION AREAS ON NATURE CONSERVATION IN INDONESIA
• Restore the degraded forest and land (Restoration)
• in situ and ex-situ nature and wildlife conservation efforts
• Local Community Empowerment and improving local people’s living conditions through Social/Community Forestry
• Promote legal Wood (Indonesian timber Legality Assurance System)
• Increasing institutional and human resource capacity (Capacity Building) as well as Technical Assistance
• Database and Information Management System Development
• Promotion of Research and Education
• Campaign for biodiversity conservation.
Let’s work together to set up a better future for Indonesian forests and people